Delphi IDHTTP用法详解

一、IDHTTP的基本用法 

  1. IDHttp和WebBrowser一样,都可以实现抓取远端网页的功能,但是http方式更快、更节约资源,缺点是需要手动维护cook,连接等 
  2. IDHttp的创建,需要引入IDHttp 
  3. procedure InitHttp(); 
  4. begin
  5.     http := TIdHTTP.Create(nil); 
  6.     http.ReadTimeout := 30000; 
  7.     http.OnRedirect := OnRedirect; 
  8.     http.Request.Accept := 'image/gif, image/x-xbitmap, image/jpeg, image/pjpeg, application/x-shockwave-flash, */*'; 
  9.     http.Request.AcceptLanguage := 'zh-cn'; 
  10.     http.Request.ContentType := 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded'; 
  11.     http.Request.UserAgent := 'Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows NT 5.1; SV1; Maxthon; .NET CLR 1.1.4322)'; 
  12.     http.ProxyParams.ProxyServer := '代理服务器地址'; 
  13.     http.ProxyParams.ProxyPort := '代理服务器端口'; 
  14. end; 
  15. 二、如何取得服务端返回的cookie信息,并添加到http的request对象中 
  16. procedure Setcookie; 
  17. var
  18.    i: Integer; 
  19.    tmp, cookie: String; 
  20. begin
  21.    cookie := ''; 
  22. for i := 0 to http.Response.RawHeaders.Count - 1 do
  23. begin
  24.        tmp := http.Response.RawHeaders[i]; 
  25. if pos('set-cookie: ', LowerCase(tmp)) = 0 then Continue; 
  26.     tmp := Trim(Copy(tmp, Pos('Set-cookie: ', tmp) + Length('Set-cookie: '), Length(tmp))); 
  27.     tmp := Trim(Copy(tmp, 0, Pos(';', tmp) - 1)); 
  28. if cookie = '' then cookie := tmp else cookie := cookie + '; ' + tmp; 
  29. end; 
  30. if cookie <> '' then
  31. begin
  32. for i := 0 to http.Request.RawHeaders.Count - 1 do
  33. begin
  34.       tmp := http.Request.RawHeaders[i]; 
  35. if Pos('cookie', LowerCase(tmp)) = 0 then Continue; 
  36.       http.Request.RawHeaders.Delete(i); 
  37.       Break; 
  38. end; 
  39.     http.Request.RawHeaders.Add('cookie: ' + cookie); 
  40. end; 
  41. end; 
  42. 三、如何取得网页中的所有连接,对代码做修改你也可以实现查找所有图片等等 
  43. function GetURLList(Data: String): TStringList; 
  44. var
  45. i: Integer; 
  46. List: TStringList; 
  47. tmp: String; 
  48. function Split(Data, Node: String): TStringList; 
  49. var
  50.     Count, i, j: Integer; 
  51. function GetFieldCount(Data, Node: String): Integer; 
  52. var
  53.          i: Integer; 
  54. begin
  55.           Result := -1; 
  56.           i := Pos(Node, Data); 
  57. if i = 0 then Exit; 
  58.              Result := 0; 
  59. while i <> 0 do
  60. begin
  61.             Inc(Result); 
  62.              Delete(Data, 1, i + Length(Node) - 1); 
  63.             i := Pos(Node, Data); 
  64. end; 
  65. end; 
  66. begin
  67.       Result := TStringList.Create; 
  68. Count := GetFieldCount(Data, Node); 
  69. for i := 0 to Count - 1 do
  70. begin
  71.      j := Pos(Node, Data); 
  72.      Result.Add(Copy(Data, 1, j - 1)); 
  73.      Delete(Data, 1, j + Length(Node) - 1); 
  74. end; 
  75. Result.Add(Data); 
  76. end; 
  77. begin
  78. Result := TStringList.Create; 
  79. try
  80.     List := split(Data, 'href='); 
  81. for i := 1 to List.Count - 1 do
  82. begin
  83.       tmp := List[i]; 
  84.        tmp := Copy(tmp, 0, Pos('</a>', tmp) - 1); 
  85.        tmp := Copy(tmp, 0, Pos('>', tmp) - 1); 
  86. if Pos(' ', tmp) <> 0 then
  87.           tmp := Copy(tmp, 0, Pos(' ', tmp) - 1); 
  88.        tmp := Q_ReplaceStr(tmp, Char(34), ''); 
  89.      tmp := Q_ReplaceStr(tmp, Char(39), ''); 
  90. if not Compare(CI.Key, tmp) then Continue; 
  91. if Copy(tmp, 1, 7) <> 'http://' then
  92. begin
  93. if Copy(tmp, 1, 1) = '.' then tmp := StringReplace(tmp, '.', '', []); 
  94. if Copy(tmp, 1, 1) = '.' then tmp := StringReplace(tmp, '.', '', []); 
  95. try
  96.          tmp := 'http://' + http.URL.Host + ':' + http.URL.Port + http.URL.Path + tmp; 
  97. except
  98. end; 
  99. end; 
  100. if Result.IndexOf(tmp) <> -1 then Continue; 
  101.           Result.Add(tmp); 
  102. end; 
  103.    FreeAndNil(List); 
  104. except
  105. end; 
  106. end; 
  107. 四、如何模拟http的get方法打开一个网页 
  108. function GetMethod(http: TIDhttp; URL: String; Max: Integer): String; 
  109. var
  110. RespData: TStringStream; 
  111. begin
  112. RespData := TStringStream.Create(''); 
  113. try
  114. try
  115.       Http.Get(URL, RespData); 
  116.       Http.Request.Referer := URL; 
  117.       Result := RespData.DataString; 
  118. except
  119.       Dec(Max); 
  120. if Max = 0 then
  121. begin
  122.         Result := ''; 
  123.         Exit; 
  124. end; 
  125.       Result := GetMethod(http, URL, Max); 
  126. end; 
  127. finally
  128.     FreeAndNil(RespData); 
  129. end; 
  130. end; 
  131. 五、如何模拟http的post方法提交一个网页 
  132. function PostMethod(URL, Data: String; max: Integer): String; 
  133. var
  134. PostData, RespData: TStringStream; 
  135. begin
  136. RespData := TStringStream.Create(''); 
  137. PostData := TStringStream.Create(Data); 
  138. try
  139. try
  140. if http = nil then Exit; 
  141.       Http.Post(URL, PostData, RespData); 
  142.       Result := RespData.DataString; 
  143.       http.Request.Referer := URL; 
  144. except
  145.       Dec(Max); 
  146. if Max = 0 then
  147. begin
  148.         Result := ''; 
  149.         Exit; 
  150. end; 
  151.       Result := PostMethod(URL, Data, Max); 
  152. end; 
  153. finally
  154.     http.Disconnect; 
  155.     FreeAndNil(RespData); 
  156.     FreeAndNil(PostData); 
  157. end; 
  158. end; 
  159. 六、伪造session 
  160. var
  161. My_Cookie,tmpcookie:string; 
  162. begin
  163. aIdHttp.Get('http://www.huochepiao.net/'); 
  164. tmpcookie:=aIdHttp.Request.CustomHeaders.Values['Set-Cookie']; 
  165. if Pos(';',tmpcookie)>0 then
  166.      My_Cookie:=LeftBStr(tmpcookie,Pos(';',tmpcookie)-1) 
  167. else
  168.      My_Cookie:= tmpcookie; 
  169. //
  170. aIdHTTP.Request.CustomHeaders.Clear; 
  171. aIdHTTP.Request.CustomHeaders.Add('Cookie:'+My_COOKIE); 
  172. end; 
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