HAproxy+varnish动静分离部署wordpress

2022-10-10 14:49:00

author：JevonWei

版权声明：原创作品

实验背景：将wordpress应用部署在后端服务器上，使用HAProxy做代理服务器，Varnish做缓存服务器，后端有四台web服务器，web1和web2服务器组成一个动态资源组dynsrvs，web3和web4服务器组成静态资源组stasrvs，Varnish用来缓存静态资源组stasrvs的数据；受条件限制，在此使用web虚拟主机做为物理主机使用，使用NFS共享wordpress文件，wordpress与mysql为同一主机

实验目的：为了提高应用的访问速度和访问承载量，使用HAProxy技术做负载均衡，使用HAProxy的ACL访问控制实现动静分离的效果，将动态资源存放在动态web组中，将静态资源存放在静态资源组中，为了提高访问速度，在静态服务器组和代理服务器之间使用了缓存服务器做数据缓存

网络拓扑图

环境：

HAProxy 172.16.252.82

dynsrvs为后端动态网页web组

    web1：172.16.252.92:80

    web2：172.16.252.92:8080

stasrvs为后端静态网页web组

    web3：172.16.253.67：80

    web4：172.16.253.67：8080

Varnish   172.16.252.100

NFS+Mysql 172.16.252.103

配置后端动态web组

[root@dynsrvs ~]# yum -y install httpd php  php-mysql

[root@dynsrvs ~]# mkdir /data/web/vhost{1,2} -pv

编辑动态php的测试页面

[root@dynsrvs ~]# vim /data/web/vhost1/index.php

<h1> Application Server 1</h1>

<?php

    phpinfo();

?>

[root@dynsrvs ~]# vim /data/web/vhost2/index.php

<h1> Application Server 2</h1>

<?php

    phpinfo();

?>

配置后端web主机

[root@dynsrvs ~]# vim /etc/httpd/conf.d/vhost1.conf

<VirtualHost *:80>

    ServerName web1.danran.com

    DocumentRoot "/data/web/vhost1"

    <Directory "/data/web/vhost1">

        Options FollowSymLinks

        AllowOverride None

        Require all granted

    </Directory>

</VirtualHost>

Listen 8080

<VirtualHost *:8080>

    ServerName web2.danran.com

    DocumentRoot "/data/web/vhost2"

    <Directory "/data/web/vhost2">

        Options FollowSymLinks

        AllowOverride None

        Require all granted

    </Directory>

</VirtualHost>

访问测试php动态页面

http://172.16.252.92/

http://172.16.252.92/:8080

配置后端动态web组

[root@stasrvs ~]# yum -y install httpd

[root@stasrvs ~]# iptables -F

[root@stasrvs ~]# setenforce  0

[root@stasrvs ~]#  mkdir -pv /data/web/vhost{1,2}

[root@stasrvs ~]# mkdir /data/web/vhost1/png

[root@stasrvs ~]# mkdir /data/web/vhost2/png

复制静态资源做测试

[root@stasrvs ~]# find /usr/share/ -iname "*.jpg" -exec cp {} /data/web/vhost1/png/ \;

[root@stasrvs ~]# find /usr/share/ -iname "*.jpg" -exec cp {} /data/web/vhost2/png/ \;

[root@stasrvs ~]# vim /data/web/vhost1/index.html

<h1> Image Server 1 </h1>

[root@stasrvs ~]# vim /data/web/vhost2/index.html

<h1> Image Server 2 </h1>

配置虚拟主机

[root@stasrvs ~]# vim  /etc/httpd/conf.d/vhost1.conf

<VirtualHost *:80>

    ServerName web3.danran.com

    DocumentRoot "/data/web/vhost1"

    <Directory "/data/web/vhost1">

        Options FollowSymLinks

        AllowOverride None

        Require all granted

    </Directory>

</VirtualHost>

[root@stasrvs ~]# vim  /etc/httpd/conf.d/vhost2.conf

Listen 8080

<VirtualHost *:8080>

    ServerName web4.danran.com

    DocumentRoot "/data/web/vhost1"

    <Directory "/data/web/vhost1">

        Options FollowSymLinks

        AllowOverride None

        Require all granted

    </Directory>

</VirtualHost>

[root@stasrvs ~]# systemctl start httpd.service

访问测试静态页面

http://172.16.252.67/png/3.jpg

http://172.16.252.67:8080/png/3.jpg

配置NFS+Mysql

Mysql

[root@mysql ~]# yum -y install mariadb-server

[root@mysql ~]# systemctl start mariadb

[root@mysql ~]# systemctl enable mariadb

[root@mysql ~]# systemctl disable firewalld

[root@mysql ~]# systemctl stop firewalld

[root@mysql ~]# iptables -F 关闭防火墙

[root@mysql ~]# setenforce 0

创建数据库账号

[root@mysql ~]# mysql_secure_installation   \\数据库安全初始化

[root@mysql ~]# mysql -uroot -hlocalhost -p

MariaDB [(none)]> create database blog;

MariaDB [(none)]> grant all on blog.* to blog@'172.16.%.%' identified by 'blog'; 

登录测试

[root@mysql ~]# mysql -ublog -h172.16.252.103 -p

添加防火墙，仅允许RS1和RS2及自己本身连接数据库

[root@mysql ~]# iptables -A INPUT -s 172.16.252.92 -p tcp --dport 3306 -j ACCEPT

[root@mysql ~]# iptables -A INPUT -s 172.16.252.67 -p tcp --dport 3306 -j ACCEPT

[root@mysql ~]# iptables -A INPUT -s 172.16.252.103 -p tcp --dport 3306 -j ACCEPT

[root@mysql ~]# iptables -A INPUT -j REJECT

NFS

[root@NFS ~]# iptables -F

[root@NFS ~]# setenforce 0

[root@NFS ~]# rpm -ql nfs-utils

package nfs-utils is not installed

[root@NFS ~]# yum -y install nfs-utils

将wordpress程序包解压缩

[root@NFS ~]# tar xf wordpress-4.8-zh_CN.tar.gz -C /app

[root@NFS ~]# cd /app/wordpress

[root@NFS wordpress]# cp wp-config-sample.php wp-config.php

[root@NFS ~]# chmod o+w /app/blog/wp-config.php

[root@NFS wordpress]# vim wp-config.php

/** WordPress数据库的名称 */

define('DB_NAME', 'blog');

/** MySQL数据库用户名 */

define('DB_USER', 'blog');

/** MySQL数据库密码 */

define('DB_PASSWORD', 'blog');

/** MySQL主机 */

define('DB_HOST', '172.16.252.103');

创建与dynsrvs和stasrvs主机上相同UID的apache用户

[root@NFS blog]# useradd -u 48 -r -s /sbin/nologin apache    \\dynsrvs和stasrvs的apache用户UID为48

修改blog目录的属组，从而使apache用户对blog有读写权限

[root@NFS app]# useradd -u 48 -r -s /sbin/nologin apache

[root@NFS app]# chown -R apache:apache blog/

[root@NFS app]# ll -d blog/

drwxr-xr-x. 2 apache apache 6 Sep  8 13:12 blog/

配置NFS

[root@NFS ~]# vim /etc/exports

/app/blog    172.16.252.0/24(rw,all_squash,anonuid=48,anongid=48)  \\all_squash为压缩所有用户名，anonuid意为压缩为UID为48的用户，anongid组压缩为GID为48的组

[root@NFS ~]# systemctl start nfs-server

dynsrvs和stasrvs服务器挂载NFS共享目录

stasrvs

[root@stasrvs ~]# yum -y install nfs-utils

[root@stasrvs ~]# cd /data/web/vhost2/

[root@stasrvs vhost2]# mkdir blog

[root@stasrvs vhost2]# chmod o+w blog

[root@stasrvs ~]# vim /etc/fstab

172.16.252.103:/app/blog  /data/web/vhost2/blog  nfs defaults 0 0

[root@stasrvs ~]# mount -a

[root@stasrvs ~]# df 

将web1的根文件路径修改为/data/web/vhost2，同web2路径一致

[root@stasrvs vhost1]# vim /etc/httpd/conf.d/vhost1.conf

<VirtualHost *:80>

    ServerName web3.danran.com

    DocumentRoot "/data/web/vhost2"

    <Directory "/data/web/vhost2">

        Options FollowSymLinks

        AllowOverride None

        Require all granted

    </Directory>

</VirtualHost>

[root@stasrvs ~]# systemctl restart httpd

dynsrvs

[root@dynsrvs ~]# yum -y install nfs-utils

[root@dynsrvs ~]# cd /data/web/vhost2/

[root@dynsrvs vhost2]# mkdir blog

[root@dynsrvs vhost2]# chmod o+w blog

[root@dynsrvs ~]# vim /etc/fstab

172.16.252.103:/app/blog  /data/web/vhost2/blog  nfs defaults 0 0

[root@dynsrvs ~]# mount -a

[root@dynsrvs ~]# df 

将web1的根文件路径修改为/data/web/vhost2，同web2路径一致

[root@stasrvs vhost1]# vim /etc/httpd/conf.d/vhost1.conf

<VirtualHost *:80>

    ServerName web1.danran.com

    DocumentRoot "/data/web/vhost2"

    <Directory "/data/web/vhost2">

        Options FollowSymLinks

        AllowOverride None

        Require all granted

    </Directory>

</VirtualHost>

[root@dynsrvs ~]# systemctl restart httpd

HAProxy

安装HAProxy

[root@haproxy ~]# yum -y install haproxy

[root@haproxy ~]# rpm -ql haproxy

[root@haproxy ~]# iptables -F

[root@haproxy ~]# setenforce 0

[root@haproxy ~]# systemctl enable haproxy

[root@haproxy ~]# cp /etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg{,.bak}

配置HAProxy代理

[root@haproxy ~]# vim /etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg

frontend myweb *:80

    rspadd  X-Via:\ HAProxy-1

    rspidel Server.*

    acl static path_end .jpg .jpeg .png .gif .txt .html

    acl static path_beg -i /images /static

    use_backend staticsrvs  if static

    default_backend dynsrvs

backend dynsrvs

    balance uri

    option      forwardfor header X-Client

    server dynsrv1 172.16.252.92:80 check cookie dynsrv1

    server dynsrv2 172.16.252.92:8080 check cookie dynsrv2

    hash-type consistent

backend staticsrvs

    option      forwardfor header X-Client

    balance uri

    server staticsrv1 172.16.252.67:80 check

    server staticsrv2 172.16.252.67:8080 check

    hash-type consistent

listen status

    bind *:9009

    acl auth_admin src 172.16.251.196

    stats enable

    stats uri /myhaproxy?status

    stats realm HAProxy\ Admin\ Area

    stats auth admin:admin

    stats admin if auth_admin

[root@haproxy ~]# systemctl restart haproxy

测试HAProxy的状态页

http://172.16.252.82:9009/myhaproxy?status

Varnish

[root@varnish ~]# yum -y install varnish

[root@varnish ~]# iptables -F

[root@varnish ~]# setenforce 0

[root@varnish ~]# vim /etc/varnish/varnish.params

VARNISH_LISTEN_PORT=80 \\监听端口为80，默认为6081

VARNISH_ADMIN_LISTEN_ADDRESS=127.0.0.1 \\监听管理接口的IP，默认为本机

VARNISH_ADMIN_LISTEN_PORT=6082 \\管理接口的端口，默认为6082

VARNISH_SECRET_FILE=/etc/varnish/secret \\认证密码文件

#DAEMON_OPTS="-p thread_pool_min=5 -p thread_pool_max=500 -p thread_pool_timeout=300" \\定义运行时参数

[root@varnish ~]# vim /etc/varnish/default.vcl

import directors;  # 导入负载均衡模块

probe healthchk {    # 配置健康状态检查

    .url = "/.healthchk.html";   # 检查状态检查的URL

    .timeout = 2s; # 超时时间

    .interval = 2s;# 每2秒检查一次

    .window = 8; # 一共检查的次数

    .threshold = 5; # 如果大于4次则为健康

}

# Default backend definition. Set this to point to your content server.

backend imgsrv1 {  # 配置后端主机

    .host = "172.16.252.67";

    .port = "80";

    .probe = healthchk;

}

backend imgsrv2 {  # 配置后端主机

    .host = "172.16.252.67";

    .port = "8080";

    .probe = healthchk;

}

sub vcl_init {  # 初始化负载均衡

    new imgsrvs = directors.round_robin();

    imgsrvs.add_backend(imgsrv1);

    imgsrvs.add_backend(imgsrv2);

}

sub vcl_recv {

    if (req.url ~ "(?i)\.(jpg|jpeg|png|gif|svg|txt|html|css|js)$") {

    set req.backend_hint = websrvs.backend();

    }

    if (req.restarts == 0) {

    if (req.http.X-Fowarded-For) {

       set req.http.X-Forwarded-For = req.http.X-Forwarded-For + "," + client.ip;

    } else {

       set req.http.X-Forwarded-For = client.ip;

    }

}

sub vcl_deliver {

    if (obj.hits > 0) {

        set resp.http.X-Cache = " Hit via " + server.ip;

    } else {

        set resp.http.X-Cache = " Miss  via " + server.ip;

    }

}

[root@varnish ~]# systemctl start varnish

修改HAproxy配置文件，使HAproxy调用Varnish服务器

[root@haproxy ~]# vim /etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg

backend staticsrvs

    option      forwardfor header X-Client

    balance uri

    server staticsrv1  172.16.252.100:80 check

    hash-type consistent

[root@haproxy ~]# systemctl restart haproxy

访问测试

http://172.16.252.82/blog/

码农公寓

配置后端动态web组

配置后端动态web组

配置NFS+Mysql

Mysql

NFS

dynsrvs和stasrvs服务器挂载NFS共享目录

HAProxy

安装HAProxy

配置HAProxy代理

测试HAProxy的状态页

Varnish

修改HAproxy配置文件，使HAproxy调用Varnish服务器

访问测试

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