Tomcat多实例部署及nginx负载均衡、动静分离

2021-07-20 08:53:10

内容概要

一、Tomcat多实例部署

1、先安装好jdk（上一篇博客有安装过程）

2、安装tomcat

cd /opt
tar zxvf apache-tomcat-9.0.16.tar.gz
mkdir /usr/local/tomcat
mv apache-tomcat-9.0.16 /usr/local/tomcat/tomcat1
cp -a /usr/local/tomcat/tomcat1 /usr/local/tomcat/tomcat2

3、配置 tomcat 环境变量

vim /etc/profile.d/tomcat.sh
#tomcat1
export CATALINA_HOME1=/usr/local/tomcat/tomcat1
export CATALINA_BASE1=/usr/local/tomcat/tomcat1
export TOMCAT_HOME1=/usr/local/tomcat/tomcat1

#tomcat2
export CATALINA_HOME2=/usr/local/tomcat/tomcat2
export CATALINA_BASE2=/usr/local/tomcat/tomcat2
export TOMCAT_HOME2=/usr/local/tomcat/tomcat2


source /etc/profile.d/tomcat.sh

4、修改 tomcat2 中的 server.xml 文件，要求各 tomcat 实例配置不能有重复的端口号

vim /usr/local/tomcat/tomcat2/conf/server.xml
<Server port="8006" shutdown="SHUTDOWN">		#22行，修改Server prot，默认为8005 -> 修改为8006
<Connector port="8081" protocol="HTTP/1.1"		#69行，修改Connector port，HTTP/1.1  默认为8080 -> 修改为8081
<Connector port="8010" protocol="AJP/1.3" redirectPort="8443" />	#116行，修改Connector port AJP/1.3，默认为8009 -> 修改为8010

5、修改各 tomcat 实例中的 startup.sh 和 shutdown.sh 文件，添加 tomcat 环境变量

vim /usr/local/tomcat/tomcat1/bin/startup.sh 

##添加以下内容
export CATALINA_BASE=$CATALINA_BASE1
export CATALINA_HOME=$CATALINA_HOME1
export TOMCAT_HOME=$TOMCAT_HOME1

vim /usr/local/tomcat/tomcat1/bin/shutdown.sh

export CATALINA_BASE=$CATALINA_BASE1
export CATALINA_HOME=$CATALINA_HOME1
export TOMCAT_HOME=$TOMCAT_HOME1

vim /usr/local/tomcat/tomcat2/bin/startup.sh 

export CATALINA_BASE=$CATALINA_BASE2
export CATALINA_HOME=$CATALINA_HOME2
export TOMCAT_HOME=$TOMCAT_HOME2

vim /usr/local/tomcat/tomcat2/bin/shutdown.sh

export CATALINA_BASE=$CATALINA_BASE2
export CATALINA_HOME=$CATALINA_HOME2
export TOMCAT_HOME=$TOMCAT_HOME2

6、启动各 tomcat 中的 /bin/startup.sh

/usr/local/tomcat/tomcat1/bin/startup.sh 
/usr/local/tomcat/tomcat2/bin/startup.sh 

netstat -natp | grep java

7、浏览器访问测试

http://192.168.73.168:8080
http://192.168.73.168:8081

二、Nginx+Tomcat负载均衡、动静分离

1、部署Nginx 负载均衡器（之前博客有部署过程）

2、部署Tomcat 应用服务器（我直接在一台机子上的多实例上部署）

systemctl stop firewalld
setenforce 0

tar zxvf jdk-8u91-linux-x64.tar.gz -C /usr/local/

vim /etc/profile
export JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/jdk1.8.0_91
export JRE_HOME=${JAVA_HOME}/jre
export CLASSPATH=.:${JAVA_HOME}/lib:${JRE_HOME}/lib
export PATH=${JAVA_HOME}/bin:$PATH

source /etc/profile

tar zxvf apache-tomcat-8.5.16.tar.gz

mv /opt/apache-tomcat-8.5.16/ /usr/local/tomcat

/usr/local/tomcat/bin/shutdown.sh 
/usr/local/tomcat/bin/startup.sh

netstat -ntap | grep 8080

3、动静分离配置

（1）Tomcat1 server 配置

mkdir /usr/local/tomcat/tomcat1/webapps/test

vim /usr/local/tomcat/tomcat1/webapps/test/index.jsp
<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<html>
<head>
<title>JSP test1 page</title>   #指定为 test1 页面
</head>
<body>
<% out.println("动态页面 1,http://www.test1.com");%>
</body>
</html>

vim /usr/local/tomcat/tomcat1/conf/server.xml
--------删除前面的 HOST 配置--------
<Host name="localhost" appBase="webapps" unpackWARs="true" autoDeploy="true" xmlValidation="false" xmlNamespaceAware="false">
        <Context docBase="/usr/local/tomcat/tomcat1/webapps/test" path="" reloadable="true">
        </Context>
</Host>

/usr/local/tomcat/tomcat1/bin/shutdown.sh
/usr/local/tomcat/tomcat1/bin/startup.sh

（1）Tomcat2 server 配置

mkdir /usr/local/tomcat/tomcat2/webapps/test

vim /usr/local/tomcat/tomcat2/webapps/test/index.jsp
<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<html>
<head>
<title>JSP test2 page</title>   #指定为 test2 页面
</head>
<body>
<% out.println("动态页面 2,http://www.test2.com");%>
</body>
</html>

vim /usr/local/tomcat/tomcat2/conf/server.xml
--------删除前面的 HOST 配置--------
<Host name="localhost" appBase="webapps" unpackWARs="true" autoDeploy="true" xmlValidation="false" xmlNamespaceAware="false">
	<Context docBase="/usr/local/tomcat/tomcat2/webapps/test" path="" reloadable="true" />
</Host>

/usr/local/tomcat/tomcat2/bin/shutdown.sh 
/usr/local/tomcat/tomcat2/bin/startup.sh

（3）Nginx server 配置

#准备静态页面和静态图片
echo '<html><body><h1>这是静态页面</h1></body></html>' > /usr/local/nginx/html/index.html
mkdir /usr/local/nginx/html/img
cp /root/game.jpg /usr/local/nginx/html/img

vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
http {
......
	#gzip on;
	
	#配置负载均衡的服务器列表，weight参数表示权重，权重越高，被分配到的概率越大
        upstream tomcat_server {
              server 192.168.73.168:8080 weight=1;
              server 192.168.73.168:8081 weight=1;
        }

 server {
        listen       80;
        server_name  www.lwh.com;
        charset utf-8;

        #access_log  logs/host.access.log  main;
        location ~ .*\.jsp$ {
              proxy_pass http://tomcat_server;
              proxy_set_header HOST $host;
              proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
              proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
         }
        location ~ .*\.(gif|jpg|jpeg|png|bmp|swf|css)$ {
              root /usr/local/nginx/html/img;
              expires 10d;
        }
        location / {
            root   html;
            index  index.html index.htm;
        }

3、重启nginx服务

systemctl restart nginx

4、测试效果

在nginx服务器上测试（IP地址是nginx的地址）
测试静态页面效果
浏览器访问 http://192.168.73.88/
浏览器访问 http://192.168.73.88/dijia.jpg

测试负载均衡效果，不断刷新浏览器测试
浏览器访问 http://192.168.73.88/index.jsp