基本原理：事先准备好一个固定长度的数组。如果长度不够的时候，realloc一块区域。另外：在数组元素减少的情况下，需要缩减数组长度。
主要接口：
cp_bool DyArrayAppend(DyArray* pArr, void* pData)//加数据到数组末尾 cp_bool DyArrayExpand(DyArray* pArr, cp_int32 nNeed)//扩展数组 cp_bool DyArrayDelete(DyArray* pArr, cp_int32 nIndex)//删除元素by index cp_bool DyArrayShrink(DyArray* pArr)//缩减数组
源代码如下：（iOS平台的c实现）
//
// dyArray.h
// dataStruct
//
// Created by hherima on 14-7-28.
// Copyright (c) 2014年 . All rights reserved.
//
#ifndef dataStruct_dyArray_h
#define dataStruct_dyArray_h
#include <stdlib.h>
enum
{
CP_FALSE = 0,
CP_TRUE = !CP_FALSE
};
typedef unsigned char cp_bool;
typedef signed int cp_int32;
typedef void (*DataDestroyFunc)(void *);
typedef cp_bool (*DataCmpFunc)(void *,void *);
typedef void (*DataVisitFunc)(void *);
#define F_MALLOC_TYPE(s) (s*)f_malloc(sizeof(s))
#define FREEFUN free
#define MIN_PRE_ALLOCATE_SIZE 10 //The initial size of the dynamic array.
#define MEMSETFUN memset
#define REALLOCFUN realloc
#define MALLOCFUN malloc
struct DynamicArray
{
void **m_ppData; //the address of the allocated array.
cp_int32 m_nAllocSize; //the allocated array size.
cp_int32 m_nSize; //the used size of the array.
DataDestroyFunc m_fDestroy; //the callback function to destroy one data.
DataCmpFunc m_fCmp; //the callback function to compare one data.
DataVisitFunc m_fVisit; //the callback function to visit each data.
};
typedef struct DynamicArray DyArray;
DyArray* DyArrayCreate(DataDestroyFunc pDataDestroy);
cp_bool DyArrayInsert(DyArray* pArr, cp_int32 nIndex, void* pData);
cp_bool DyArrayPrepend(DyArray* pArr, void* pData);
cp_bool DyArrayAppend(DyArray* pArr, void* pData);
cp_bool DyArrayDelete(DyArray* pArr, cp_int32 nIndex);
cp_bool DyArrayDeleteEx(DyArray* pArr, cp_int32 nBegin,cp_int32 nEnd);
cp_bool DyArrayGetByIndex(DyArray* pArr, cp_int32 nIndex, void** ppData);
cp_bool DyArrayGetFirst(DyArray* pArr,void** ppData);
cp_bool DyArrayGetLast(DyArray* pArr,void** ppData);
cp_bool DyArraySetByIndex(DyArray* pArr, cp_int32 nIndex, void* pData);
cp_int32 DyArrayLength(DyArray* pArr);
cp_int32 DyArrayFind(DyArray* pArr, DataCmpFunc pCmp,void *pData);
cp_bool DyArrayForEach(DyArray* pArr, DataVisitFunc pVisit);
void DyArrayDestroy(DyArray* pArr);
void DyArrayDestroyCustom(DyArray* pArr,DataDestroyFunc pDataDestroy);
void DyArrayReset(DyArray* pArr);//shrink
void DyArrayClear(DyArray* pArr);//not shrink
void DyArrayResetCustom(DyArray* pArr,DataDestroyFunc pDataDestroy);
void DyArrayClearCustom(DyArray* pArr,DataDestroyFunc pDataDestroy);//not shrink
#endif
//
// dyArray.c
// dataStruct
//
// Created by hherima on 14-7-28.
// Copyright (c) 2014年 . All rights reserved.
//
#include "dyArray.h"
void* f_malloc(cp_int32 size)
{
void* p = MALLOCFUN(size);
if(p)
MEMSETFUN(p, 0, size);
return p;
}
/**************************************************************************************************
【函数名】: DyArrayCreate
【描述】: 创建长度为MIN_PRE_ALLOCATE_SIZE的动态指针数组
【参数】:
pDataDestroy: the callback function to destroy one data in data array.
【返回值】: 动态指针数组的地址
***************************************************************************************************/
DyArray* DyArrayCreate(DataDestroyFunc pDataDestroy)
{
DyArray *pArr = NULL;
pArr = F_MALLOC_TYPE(DyArray);
//if the input parameter is invalid, return.
if(!pArr)
{
return NULL;
}
//malloc memory for dynamic array and iniatilize it.
pArr->m_fDestroy = pDataDestroy;
pArr->m_ppData = (void *)f_malloc(sizeof(void *)*MIN_PRE_ALLOCATE_SIZE);
if(!pArr->m_ppData)
{
free(pArr);
return NULL;
}
pArr->m_nAllocSize = MIN_PRE_ALLOCATE_SIZE;
return pArr;
}
/**************************************************************************************************
【函数名】: DyArrayGetByIndex
【描述】:获取数组元素by index
【参数】:
pArr: the array's address.
nIndex: the element's position.
ppData: out parameter, to record the element's pointer.
【返回值】: true or false.
***************************************************************************************************/
cp_bool DyArrayGetByIndex(DyArray* pArr, cp_int32 nIndex, void** ppData)
{
//if the input parameter is invalid, return.
if(!pArr || nIndex < 0 || !ppData || nIndex >= pArr->m_nSize)
{
*ppData = NULL;
return CP_FALSE;
}
*ppData = pArr->m_ppData[nIndex];//get the related element.
return CP_TRUE;
}
/**************************************************************************************************
【函数名】: DyArrayGetFirst
【描述】:获取数组第一个元素
【参数】:
pArr: the array's address.
ppData: out parameter, to record the element's pointer.
【返回值】: true or false.
***************************************************************************************************/
cp_bool DyArrayGetFirst(DyArray* pArr,void** ppData)
{
return DyArrayGetByIndex(pArr,0,ppData) ? CP_TRUE : CP_FALSE;
}
/**************************************************************************************************
【函数名】: DyArrayGetLast
【描述】: 获取数组最后一个元素
【参数】:
pArr: the array's address.
ppData: out parameter, to record the element's pointer.
【返回值】: true or false.
***************************************************************************************************/
cp_bool DyArrayGetLast(DyArray* pArr,void** ppData)
{
return DyArrayGetByIndex(pArr,pArr->m_nSize-1,ppData) ? CP_TRUE : CP_FALSE;
}
/**************************************************************************************************
【函数名】:DyArraySetByIndex
【描述】: 设置数组元素by index
【参数】:
pArr: the array's address.
nIndex: the element's position.
pData: the element's pointer.
【返回值】: true or false.
***************************************************************************************************/
cp_bool DyArraySetByIndex(DyArray* pArr, cp_int32 nIndex, void* pData)
{
//if the input parameter is invalid, return.
if(!pArr || nIndex < 0)
{
return CP_FALSE;
}
pArr->m_ppData[nIndex] = pData;//find the related position and set its value.
return CP_TRUE;
}
/**************************************************************************************************
【函数名】: DyArrayLength
【描述】:获取数组的长度
【参数】:
pArr: the array's address.
【返回值】: 数组长度.
***************************************************************************************************/
cp_int32 DyArrayLength(DyArray* pArr)
{
return pArr ? pArr->m_nSize : -1;
}
/**************************************************************************************************
【函数名】: DyArrayFind
【描述】:查找数组中的指定元素
【参数】:
pArr: the array's address.
pCmp: the callback function to compare the data.
pData: the search destination in the array.
【返回值】:如果成功返回位置，否则返回-1
***************************************************************************************************/
cp_int32 DyArrayFind(DyArray* pArr, DataCmpFunc pCmp,void *pData)
{
cp_int32 i;
//if the input parameter is invalid, return.
if(!pArr)
{
return -1;
}
//visit each one to find the right one.
for(i=0; i<pArr->m_nSize;i++)
{
if(pCmp)
{
if(pCmp(pArr->m_ppData[i],pData) == CP_TRUE)
{
return i;
}
}else
{
//if NO compare funciton, just compare the address.
if(pArr->m_ppData[i] == pData)
{
return i;
}
}
}
return -1;
}
/**************************************************************************************************
【函数名】: DyArrayForEach
【描述】:遍历数组
【参数】:
pArr: the array's address.
pVisit: the callback function to visit the data.
【返回值】:如果成功返回true，否则false
***************************************************************************************************/
cp_bool DyArrayForEach(DyArray* pArr, DataVisitFunc pVisit)
{
cp_int32 i;
//if the input parameter is invalid, return.
if(!pArr || !pVisit)
{
return CP_FALSE;
}
//visit each one with the visit function.
for(i=0; i<pArr->m_nSize;i++)
{
pVisit(pArr->m_ppData[i]);
}
return CP_TRUE;
}
/**************************************************************************************************
【函数名】: DyArrayDestroy
【描述】:销毁整个数组
【参数】:
pArr: the array's address.
【返回值】:NA
***************************************************************************************************/
void DyArrayDestroy(DyArray* pArr)
{
cp_int32 i;
//if the input parameter is invalid, return.
if(!pArr)
{
return;
}
//Using destroy function to destroy each element's memory.
if(pArr->m_fDestroy)
{
for(i=0; i<pArr->m_nSize; i++)
{
pArr->m_fDestroy(pArr->m_ppData[i]);
}
}
//free the array.
FREEFUN(pArr->m_ppData);
pArr->m_ppData = NULL;
FREEFUN(pArr);
pArr = NULL;
}
/**************************************************************************************************
【函数名】: DyArrayDestroyCustom
【描述】:使用用户函数，小围数组
【参数】:
pArr: the array's address.
pDataDestroy: user's destroy function.
【返回值】:NA
***************************************************************************************************/
void DyArrayDestroyCustom(DyArray* pArr,DataDestroyFunc pDataDestroy)
{
cp_int32 i;
//if the input parameter is invalid, return.
if(!pArr)
{
return;
}
//Using destroy function to destroy each element's memory.
if(pDataDestroy)
{
for(i=0; i<pArr->m_nSize;i++)
{
pDataDestroy(pArr->m_ppData[i]);
}
}
//free the array.
FREEFUN(pArr->m_ppData);
pArr->m_ppData = NULL;
FREEFUN(pArr);
}
/**************************************************************************************************
【函数名】: DyArrayExpand
【描述】:扩展数组
【参数】:
pArr: the array's address.
nNeed: the needed new size.
【返回值】:如果成功返回ture否则返回false
***************************************************************************************************/
cp_bool DyArrayExpand(DyArray* pArr, cp_int32 nNeed)
{
cp_int32 allocSize = 0;
void** data = NULL;
//if the input parameter is invalid, return.
if(!pArr)
{
return CP_FALSE;
}
//if need, expand to 1.5 times of the original size.
if((pArr->m_nSize + nNeed) > pArr->m_nAllocSize)
{
allocSize = pArr->m_nAllocSize + (pArr->m_nAllocSize>>1);
data = (void**)REALLOCFUN(pArr->m_ppData, sizeof(void*) * allocSize);
if(data != NULL)
{
//clear the expanded space of the new memory.
MEMSETFUN(data+pArr->m_nAllocSize,0,(allocSize-pArr->m_nAllocSize)*sizeof(void*));
pArr->m_ppData = data;
pArr->m_nAllocSize = allocSize;
}
}
return ((pArr->m_nSize + nNeed) <= pArr->m_nAllocSize) ? CP_TRUE : CP_FALSE;
}
/**************************************************************************************************
【函数名】: DyArrayInsert
【描述】:插入数组by index
【参数】:
pArr: the array's address.
nIndex: the position in the array to insert new data.
pData: the data to be inserted.
【返回值】:如果成功返回true否则false
***************************************************************************************************/
cp_bool DyArrayInsert(DyArray* pArr, cp_int32 nIndex, void* pData)
{
cp_bool bRet = CP_FALSE;
cp_int32 nCursor = nIndex;
cp_int32 i;
//if the input parameter is invalid, return.
if(!pArr)
{
return CP_FALSE;
}
//get the right cursor.
nCursor = nCursor < pArr->m_nSize ? nCursor : pArr->m_nSize;
if(DyArrayExpand(pArr, 1) == CP_TRUE)
{
//move all the elements after the cursor to the next positon.
for(i = pArr->m_nSize; i > nCursor; i--)
{
pArr->m_ppData[i] = pArr->m_ppData[i-1];
}
//set the cursor's value.
pArr->m_ppData[nCursor] = pData;
pArr->m_nSize++;
bRet = CP_TRUE;
}
return bRet;
}
/**************************************************************************************************
【函数名】: DyArrayPrepend
【描述】:在数组开始添加一个数据
【参数】:
pArr: the array's address.
pData: the data to be added.
【返回值】:如果成功返回ture，否则false
***************************************************************************************************/
cp_bool DyArrayPrepend(DyArray* pArr, void* pData)
{
return DyArrayInsert(pArr,0,pData) ? CP_TRUE:CP_FALSE;
}
/**************************************************************************************************
【函数名】: DyArrayAppend
【描述】:添加数据到数组末尾
【参数】:
pArr: the array's address.
pData: the data to be added.
【返回值】:如果成功返回true，否则false
***************************************************************************************************/
cp_bool DyArrayAppend(DyArray* pArr, void* pData)
{
return DyArrayInsert(pArr,pArr->m_nSize,pData) ? CP_TRUE:CP_FALSE;
}
/**************************************************************************************************
【函数名】: DyArrayShrink
【描述】:缩减数组
【参数】:
pArr: the array's address.
【返回值】:ture 或者false
***************************************************************************************************/
cp_bool DyArrayShrink(DyArray* pArr)
{
cp_int32 nAllocSize = 0;
void** pData = NULL;
//if the input 【参数】 is invalid, return.
if(!pArr)
{
return CP_FALSE;
}
//if need, shrink the array to 1.5 times of elements number.
if((pArr->m_nSize < (pArr->m_nAllocSize >> 1)) && (pArr->m_nAllocSize > MIN_PRE_ALLOCATE_SIZE))
{
nAllocSize = pArr->m_nSize + (pArr->m_nSize >> 1);
pData = (void**)REALLOCFUN(pArr->m_ppData, sizeof(void*) * nAllocSize);
if(pData != NULL)
{
//clear memory of the unused space of new memory.
MEMSETFUN(pData+pArr->m_nSize,0,(nAllocSize-pArr->m_nSize)*sizeof(void*));
pArr->m_ppData = pData;
pArr->m_nAllocSize = nAllocSize;
}
}
return CP_TRUE;
}
/**************************************************************************************************
【函数名】: DyArrayDelete
【描述】:删除元素by index
【参数】:
pArr: the array's address.
nIndex: the position in the array to delete useless data.
【返回值】:ture 或者false
***************************************************************************************************/
cp_bool DyArrayDelete(DyArray* pArr, cp_int32 nIndex)
{
cp_int32 i;
//if the input parameter is invalid, return.
if(!pArr)
{
return CP_FALSE;
}
//destroy the element with destroy function.
if(pArr->m_fDestroy)
{
pArr->m_fDestroy(pArr->m_ppData[nIndex]);
}
//move the elements after 'nIndex' to the previous one.
for(i = nIndex; (i+1) < pArr->m_nSize; i++)
{
pArr->m_ppData[i] = pArr->m_ppData[i+1];
}
//set the last one to null.
pArr->m_ppData[i] = NULL;
pArr->m_nSize--;
//if need ,shrink the size.
DyArrayShrink(pArr);
return CP_TRUE;
}
/**************************************************************************************************
【函数名】: DyArrayDeleteEx
【描述】:删除元素by index （扩展）
【参数】:
pArr: the array's address.
nIndex: the position in the array to delete useless data.
nEdn:
【返回值】:ture 或者false
***************************************************************************************************/
cp_bool DyArrayDeleteEx(DyArray* pArr, cp_int32 nBegin,cp_int32 nEnd)
{
cp_int32 i,nLen = 0;
//if the input parameter is invalid, return.
//if(!pArr && nBegin>nEnd && nBegin<0 && nBegin>=pArr->m_nSize && nEnd<0 && nEnd>=pArr->m_nSize)
if(!pArr)
{
return CP_FALSE;
}
//destroy the element with destroy function.
if(pArr->m_fDestroy)
{
for(i=nBegin; i<=nEnd; i++)
{
pArr->m_fDestroy(pArr->m_ppData[i]);
}
}
//move the elements after 'nIndex' to the previous one.
nLen = nEnd - nBegin + 1;
for(i = nBegin; (i+nLen) < pArr->m_nSize; i++)
{
pArr->m_ppData[i] = pArr->m_ppData[i+nLen];
}
//set the last one to null.
//pArr->m_ppData[i] = NULL;
pArr->m_nSize -= nLen;
//if need ,shrink the size.
DyArrayShrink(pArr);
return CP_TRUE;
}
/**************************************************************************************************
【函数名】: DyArrayReset
【描述】:清除数组数据，缩减数组到原始大小
【参数】:
pArr: the array's address.
【返回值】:
none.
***************************************************************************************************/
void DyArrayReset(DyArray* pArr)
{
cp_int32 i;
void** pData = NULL;
//if the input parameter is invalid, return.
if(!pArr)
{
return;
}
//reset all the elements with destroy function.
if(pArr->m_fDestroy)
{
for(i=0; i<pArr->m_nSize;i++)
{
pArr->m_fDestroy(pArr->m_ppData[i]);
}
}
pArr->m_nSize = 0;
//if need, shrink the size.
if(pArr->m_nAllocSize > MIN_PRE_ALLOCATE_SIZE)
{
pData = (void**)REALLOCFUN(pArr->m_ppData, sizeof(void*) * MIN_PRE_ALLOCATE_SIZE);
if(pData != NULL)
{
pArr->m_ppData = pData;
pArr->m_nAllocSize = MIN_PRE_ALLOCATE_SIZE;
}
if(pArr->m_ppData)
{
MEMSETFUN(pArr->m_ppData,0,sizeof(void*)*pArr->m_nAllocSize);
}
}
}
/**************************************************************************************************
【函数名】: DyArrayClear
【描述】:清除数组数据，不缩减数组到原始大小
【参数】:
pArr: the array's address.
【返回值】:NA
***************************************************************************************************/
void DyArrayClear(DyArray* pArr)
{
cp_int32 i;
void** pData = NULL;
//if the input parameter is invalid, return.
if(!pArr)
{
return;
}
//reset all the elements with destroy function.
if(pArr->m_fDestroy)
{
for(i=0; i<pArr->m_nSize;i++)
{
pArr->m_fDestroy(pArr->m_ppData[i]);
}
}
pArr->m_nSize = 0;
}
/**************************************************************************************************
【函数名】: DyArrayResetCustom
【描述】:清除数组使用用户函数，缩减数组到原始大小
【参数】:
pArr: the array's address.
pDataDestroy: user's destroy function.
【返回值】:NA
***************************************************************************************************/
void DyArrayResetCustom(DyArray* pArr,DataDestroyFunc pDataDestroy)
{
cp_int32 i;
void** pData = NULL;
//if the input parameter is invalid, return.
if(!pArr)
{
return;
}
//reset all the elements with destroy function.
if(pDataDestroy)
{
for(i=0; i<pArr->m_nSize;i++)
{
pDataDestroy(pArr->m_ppData[i]);
}
}
pArr->m_nSize = 0;
//if need, shrink the size.
if(pArr->m_nAllocSize > MIN_PRE_ALLOCATE_SIZE)
{
pData = (void**)REALLOCFUN(pArr->m_ppData, sizeof(void*) * MIN_PRE_ALLOCATE_SIZE);
if(pData != NULL)
{
pArr->m_ppData = pData;
pArr->m_nAllocSize = MIN_PRE_ALLOCATE_SIZE;
}
if(pArr->m_ppData)
{
MEMSETFUN(pArr->m_ppData,0,sizeof(void*)*pArr->m_nAllocSize);
}
}
}
/**************************************************************************************************
【函数名】: DyArrayClearCustom
【描述】:清除数组使用用户函数，不缩减数组到原始大小
【参数】:
pArr: the array's address.
pDataDestroy: user's destroy function.
【返回值】:NA
***************************************************************************************************/
void DyArrayClearCustom(DyArray* pArr,DataDestroyFunc pDataDestroy)
{
cp_int32 i;
void** pData = NULL;
//if the input parameter is invalid, return.
if(!pArr)
{
return;
}
//reset all the elements with destroy function.
if(pDataDestroy)
{
for(i=0; i<pArr->m_nSize;i++)
{
pDataDestroy(pArr->m_ppData[i]);
}
}
pArr->m_nSize = 0;
}