ABAP学习(8):操作EXCEL

ABAP操作EXCEL

1、EXCEL导入内表

方式1:

    调用function,’F4_FILENAME’获取文件名。通过屏幕元素Prameter的帮助事件,弹出文件选择框,获取选择文件名。

    调用function,’TEXT_CONVERT_XLS_TO_SAP’,将选择excel数据放入内表。

示例:

ABAP学习(8):操作EXCEL
TYPE-POOLS truxs.

DATA:it_raw TYPE truxs_t_text_data.

 

"定义一个内表来存储数据,内表的列数和要传得数据的列数要相同,其按照列来匹配传值

DATA: BEGIN OF gt_data OCCURS 0,

     col1 TYPE char10,

     col2 TYPE char10,

      END OF gt_data.

 

PARAMETERS:p_file TYPE rlgrap-filename.

"调用F4_FILENAME,点击输入框后小方块弹出文件选择框

AT SELECTION-SCREEN ON VALUE-REQUEST FOR p_file.

 

  CLEAR p_file.

 

  CALL FUNCTION 'F4_FILENAME'

    IMPORTING

      file_name = p_file."返回文件名

 

*Excel传值

START-OF-SELECTION.

  PERFORM exceltotab.

 

FORM exceltotab .

  CALL FUNCTION 'TEXT_CONVERT_XLS_TO_SAP'

  EXPORTING

*  I_FIELD_SEPERATOR = ' '     "分隔符?

  i_line_header = 'X'         "是否去掉首行

  i_tab_raw_data = it_raw     "WORK TABLE

  i_filename = p_file

  TABLES

  i_tab_converted_data = gt_data[] "ACTUAL DATA

  EXCEPTIONS

  conversion_failed = 1

  OTHERS = 2.

 

  IF sy-subrc <> 0.

    MESSAGE ID sy-msgid TYPE sy-msgty NUMBER sy-msgno

    WITH sy-msgv1 sy-msgv2 sy-msgv3 sy-msgv4.

  ENDIF.

ENDFORM.                    "exceltotab
View Code

 

方式2

直接弹出文件选择弹窗,获取文件路径:

 

data: ts_files type filetable,

          rc         type i.

 refresh ts_files.

 DATA:filename(1024) type C.

 

 "调用方法,弹出文件选择框,获取选中文件路径

  call method  cl_gui_frontend_services=>file_open_dialog

    exporting

      window_title            = 'Select File'

      default_extension       = '*.xls'

      multiselection          = ' '    " Only one file

    changing

      file_table              = ts_files

      rc                      = rc

    exceptions

      file_open_dialog_failed = 1

      cntl_error              = 2

      error_no_gui            = 3

      not_supported_by_gui    = 4

      others                  = 5.

  read table ts_files into filename index 1.

 

调用function ‘ALSM_EXCEL_TO_INTERNAL_TABLE’,将excel表内容读入ABAP内表。

"将excel读取到内表'ALSM_EXCEL_TO_INTERNAL_TABLE'

DATA :excelTab like alsmex_tabline OCCURS 10 WITH HEADER LINE.

Data :fileTest like rlgrap-filename VALUE 'D:\myexcel.xlsx'.

 

call function 'ALSM_EXCEL_TO_INTERNAL_TABLE'

    exporting

      filename                = fileTest

      i_begin_col             = 1

      i_begin_row             = 1

      i_end_col               = 20

      i_end_row               = 20000

    tables

      intern                  = excelTab

    exceptions

      inconsistent_parameters = 1

      upload_ole              = 2

      others                  = 3.

 

2、OLE2操作EXCEL

使用ABAP程序操作EXCEL,将内表数据写出到EXCEL

OLE2方式操作EXCEL,OLE是将所有EXCEL中组成结构封装成一个ole2的类。通过ole2对象方法来操作Excel。

1、类对象:lo_application:一个Excel;

通过create object语句创建一个excel对象,

CREATE OBJECT lo_application 'Excel.Application'.  "创建excel对象

设置EXCEL的属性,是否可见:

SET PROPERTY OF lo_application 'Visible' = 1.  "设置excel可见

SET PROPERTY OF lo_application 'SheetsInNewWorkbook' = 1.

 

2、类对象:lo_workbooks :工作簿集合;

通过创建的excel对象,调用Workbooks方法,创建他的工作薄集,

CALL METHOD OF lo_application 'Workbooks'  = lo_workbooks. "调用lo_application的'Workbooks'创建工作簿集

 

3、类对象:lo_workbook:工作簿;

通过创建的工作薄集对象,调用add方法,创建他的工作薄,

CALL METHOD OF lo_workbooks   'Add'        = lo_workbook.  "调用lo_workbooks 的方法'Add' ,创建工作薄

 

4、类对象:lo_worksheets:工作表,sheet集合;

    通过EXCEL对象的Sheets方法,创建sheet集合对象

"创建一个sheet集合

CALL METHOD OF lo_application 'Sheets' = lo_worksheets .

    通过sheet集合对象,调用add方法,可以创建多个sheet对象。创建出的sheet对象调用Activate方法,可以激活。

"创建新的work sheet. "默认创建的最新的sheet,处于active状态

CALL METHOD OF lo_worksheets 'Add' = new_worksheet.

*CALL METHOD OF new_worksheet 'Activate'.   "激活当前新的sheet

 

5、类对象:lo_worksheet:工作表,sheet;

    通过EXCEL对象的Activesheet属性,可以获取到当前活动的sheet,这个sheet就是创建初始时,默认存在的sheet。

GET PROPERTY OF lo_application 'ACTIVESHEET' = lo_worksheet.  "获取当前活动sheet,初始创建时,只有一个sheet,且active

     设置sheet的名称,设置sheet的属性name:

SET PROPERTY OF lo_worksheet 'Name' = 'first sheet'. "设置sheet名

 

6、类对象:lo_cell:excel单元格;

    通过sheet对象,调用方法Cells方法,在当前sheet中创建单元格对象。

"创建单元个

CALL METHOD OF lo_worksheet 'Cells' = lo_cell

   EXPORTING

   # = 1  "Row

   # = 1. "Column

 

    设置单元格对象属性value,为单元格赋值:

SET PROPERTY OF lo_cell 'value' = '天'.   "设置单元个值

   设置单元格对象属性NumberFormat,设置单元格数据格式:

"设置单元格值格式,支持excel中的格式

*SET PROPERTY OF lo_cell 'NumberFormat' = '0.00'.

SET PROPERTY OF lo_cell 'NumberFormat' = 'm/d/yy'.

  设置单元格自动换列

"特别长文字,自动换列,看到全部文字

 SET PROPERTY OF lo_cell 'WrapText' = 1.

  设置水平对齐方式

"设置水平对齐方式

"center =  -4108

"left =  -4131

"right =  -4152

"top = -4160

SET PROPERTY OF lo_cell 'HorizontalAlignment' = -4108.

 

类对象:lo_font:字体设置对象,调用单元格对象的font方法,获取font对象,通过font对象设置单元格字体。

"设置单元格字体

CALL METHOD OF lo_cell 'font' = lo_font.

"EXCEL支持的字体名

*SET PROPERTY OF lo_font 'Name' = 'Agency FB'.   "字体名

SET PROPERTY OF lo_font 'Name' = '微软正黑体'.   "字体名

SET PROPERTY OF lo_font 'Size' = 15.        "大小

"颜色数字规则?

SET PROPERTY OF lo_font 'Color' = -12123441. "颜色

SET PROPERTY OF lo_font 'TintAndShade' = 0. "明亮度-1~1,1完全透明

SET PROPERTY OF lo_font 'Bold' = 0.  "是否粗体字 0 :false 1:true

SET PROPERTY OF lo_font 'Italic' = 1. "是否斜体 0:false 1:true

SET PROPERTY OF lo_font 'Underline' = 2. "xlUnderlineStyleSingle = 2,下划线

 

类对象lo_interior,单元格背景;

示例:

通过单元格对象获取lo_interior对象,设置Color或者ColorIndex属性,设置背景颜色,两种方式都可。对应颜色值不清楚?

"设置单元格背景

DATA:lo_interior TYPE ole2_object.

CALL METHOD OF lo_cell 'interior' = lo_interior.

SET PROPERTY OF lo_interior 'Color' = 12123441.

SET PROPERTY OF lo_interior 'ColorIndex' = 43.

 

8、类对象:lo_range:多个单元格集合;

选择多个单元格集合。

示例:

选择单元格(1,1)到(3,3)这部分区域:

"选择Ranges of cells

CALL METHOD OF lo_worksheet 'Cells' = lo_cellstart

  EXPORTING

    # = 1 "row

    # = 1. "column

CALL METHOD OF lo_worksheet 'Cells' = lo_cellend

  EXPORTING

    # = 3 "row

    # = 3. "column

"选中一个区域Cell

CALL METHOD OF lo_worksheet 'RANGE' = lo_range

  EXPORTING

    # = lo_cellstart

    # = lo_cellend.

 

也可以选中一行或者一列单元格:

类对象:lo_column:excel行

"选择列

CALL METHOD OF lo_worksheet 'Columns' = lo_column

  EXPORTING

    # = 1.

 

类对象:lo_row:excel列

"选择行

CALL METHOD OF lo_worksheet 'Row' = lo_row

  EXPORTING

    # = 2.

 

如果要操作选择部分区域需要lo_selection对象

类对象:lo_selection,选中操作对象

"获取选中区域selection

CALL METHOD OF lo_row 'Select'.

CALL METHOD OF lo_application 'selection' = lo_selection.

 

9、类对象:lo_validation:验证操作validation对象;

示例:测试失败?

"添加验证

"选中(4,4)

CALL METHOD OF lo_worksheet 'Cells' = lo_cell

  EXPORTING

    # = 4

    # = 4.

"获取选中区域selection

CALL METHOD OF lo_cell 'Select'.

CALL METHOD OF lo_application 'selection' = lo_selection.

"获取验证对象lo_validation

CALL METHOD OF lo_selection 'Validation' = lo_validation.

"添加验证规则

CALL METHOD OF lo_validation 'Add'

  EXPORTING

    #1 = 4 "验证类型Type 4 = xlValidateDate,验证日期

    #2 = 1 "验证弹窗类型AlertStype  1 = xlValidAlertStop

    #3 = 1 "操作类型,Operator  1 = xlBetween,在之间

    #4 = '1/1/2000'   "Formula1

    #5 = '1/1/2010'.  "Formula2

"设置错误信息

SET PROPERTY OF lo_validation 'ErrorMessage' = 'Enter a valid date'.

 

10、使用复制粘贴方式将内表数数据写入EXCEL

示例:

"复制粘贴方式将数据写入EXCEL

CALL METHOD OF lo_worksheet 'Activate'.   "激活当前新的sheet

 

DATA:test_spfli LIKE TABLE OF spfli WITH HEADER LINE.

TYPES: ty_data(1500) TYPE c.

DATA: lt_data TYPE ty_data OCCURS 0 WITH HEADER LINE.

DATA:lv_cont TYPE I.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <field>  TYPE ANY.

 

SELECT * FROM spfli INTO TABLE test_spfli.

* Prepare the data before copy to clipboard;

LOOP AT test_spfli.

  lv_cont = 1.

*    Write for example 5 columns per row.

  DO 5 TIMES.

    ASSIGN COMPONENT lv_cont OF STRUCTURE test_spfli TO <field>.

    "使用#将数据链接起来,数据格式#xxx#xxxx#xxxx

    CONCATENATE lt_data <field> INTO lt_data SEPARATED BY cl_abap_char_utilities=>horizontal_tab.

    ADD 1 TO lv_cont.

  ENDDO.

  "去掉开始#号

  SHIFT lt_data BY 1 PLACES LEFT.

  APPEND lt_data.

  CLEAR lt_data.

ENDLOOP.

 

* Copy to clipboard into ABAP

CALL FUNCTION 'CONTROL_FLUSH'

  EXCEPTIONS

    OTHERS = 3.

CALL FUNCTION 'CLPB_EXPORT'

  TABLES

    data_tab   = lt_data

  EXCEPTIONS

    clpb_error = 1

    OTHERS     = 2.

 

* Select the cell A1

CALL METHOD OF

    lo_worksheet

    'Cells'      = lo_cell

  EXPORTING

    #1           = 1  "Row

    #2           = 1. "Column

 

* Paste clipboard from cell A1

CALL METHOD OF

    lo_cell

    'SELECT'.

CALL METHOD OF

    lo_worksheet

    'PASTE'.

"调用lo_workbook 'SaveAs' 方法保存excel

CALL METHOD OF lo_workbook 'SaveAs'

  EXPORTING

    # = lv_complete_path.

if sy-subrc = 0.

  MESSAGE 'File downloaded successfully' TYPE 'S'.

ELSE.

  MESSAGE 'Error downloading the file' TYPE 'E'.

ENDIF.

完整示例:

ABAP学习(8):操作EXCEL
TYPE-POOLS: soi,ole2.

DATA: lo_application TYPE  ole2_object,  "代表excel对象

   lo_workbook   TYPE  ole2_object,  "代表excel工作薄

   lo_workbooks TYPE  ole2_object,  "代表excel工作薄集合

   lo_range TYPE  ole2_object,  "代表多个单元格集合

   lo_worksheet TYPE ole2_object,  "代表excel工作表sheet

   lo_worksheets TYPE ole2_object,  "代表excel工作表sheet集合

   lo_column  TYPE  ole2_object,  "代表excel列

   lo_row   TYPE  ole2_object,  "代表excel行

   lo_cell  TYPE  ole2_object,  "代表excel单元格

   lo_font  TYPE  ole2_object.  "代表字体

 

DATA: lo_cellstart      TYPE ole2_object,

      lo_cellend        TYPE ole2_object,

      lo_selection      TYPE ole2_object,

      lo_validation     TYPE ole2_object.

 

DATA: lv_selected_folder TYPE string,

      lv_complete_path   TYPE char256,

      lv_titulo          TYPE string .  "弹窗描述

 

DATA: new_worksheet TYPE ole2_object. "新sheet

 

"调用文件路径选择框,默认路径C:\

CALL METHOD cl_gui_frontend_services=>directory_browse

  EXPORTING

    window_title    = lv_titulo   "弹窗最上方,可以添加描述信息,不是弹窗标题

    initial_folder  = 'C:\'       "初始化选择路径

  CHANGING

    selected_folder = lv_selected_folder  "返回选择路径

  EXCEPTIONS

    cntl_error      = 0

    error_no_gui    = 1

    OTHERS          = 2.

"检查是否获取到路径

CHECK NOT lv_selected_folder IS INITIAL.

 

DATA:str_len TYPE I.

DATA:temp_sign(1) TYPE C.

str_len = STRLEN( lv_selected_folder ) - 1.

temp_sign = lv_selected_folder+str_len(1).

 

if temp_sign = '\'.

  "确定保存路径

  CONCATENATE lv_selected_folder 'Test' INTO lv_complete_path.

else.

  "确定保存路径

  CONCATENATE lv_selected_folder '\Test' INTO lv_complete_path.

ENDIF.

 

 

"创建excel对象

CREATE OBJECT lo_application 'Excel.Application'.  "创建excel对象

SET PROPERTY OF lo_application 'Visible' = 1.  "设置excel可见

SET PROPERTY OF lo_application 'SheetsInNewWorkbook' = 1.

 

"创建workbook

CALL METHOD OF lo_application 'Workbooks'  = lo_workbooks. "调用lo_application的'Workbooks'创建工作簿集

CALL METHOD OF lo_workbooks   'Add'        = lo_workbook.  "调用lo_workbooks 的方法'Add' ,创建工作薄

 

GET PROPERTY OF lo_application 'ACTIVESHEET' = lo_worksheet.  "获取当前活动sheet,初始创建时,只有一个sheet,且active

SET PROPERTY OF lo_worksheet 'Name' = 'first sheet'. "设置sheet名

 

"创建一个sheet集合

CALL METHOD OF lo_application 'Sheets' = lo_worksheets .

 

"创建新的work sheet. "默认创建的最新的sheet,处于active状态

CALL METHOD OF lo_worksheets 'Add' = new_worksheet.

*CALL METHOD OF new_worksheet 'Activate'.   "激活当前新的sheet

SET PROPERTY OF new_worksheet 'Name' = 'second sheet'. "设置sheet名

 

"lo_application默认sheet,设置值

"创建单元个

CALL METHOD OF lo_worksheet 'Cells' = lo_cell

   EXPORTING

   # = 1  "Row

   # = 1. "Column

SET PROPERTY OF lo_cell 'value' = '天'.   "设置单元个值

 

"设置单元格字体

CALL METHOD OF lo_cell 'font' = lo_font.

"EXCEL支持的字体名

*SET PROPERTY OF lo_font 'Name' = 'Agency FB'.   "字体名

SET PROPERTY OF lo_font 'Name' = '微软正黑体'.   "字体名

SET PROPERTY OF lo_font 'Size' = 15.        "大小

 

"创建单元个

CALL METHOD OF lo_worksheet 'Cells' = lo_cell

   EXPORTING

   # = 1  "Row

   # = 2. "Column

SET PROPERTY OF lo_cell 'value' = '12/03/2010'.   "设置单元个值

"设置单元格值格式,支持excel中的格式

*SET PROPERTY OF lo_cell 'NumberFormat' = '0.00'.

SET PROPERTY OF lo_cell 'NumberFormat' = 'm/d/yy'.

 

"设置单元格字体

CALL METHOD OF lo_cell 'font' = lo_font.

"颜色数字规则?

SET PROPERTY OF lo_font 'Color' = -12123441. "颜色

SET PROPERTY OF lo_font 'TintAndShade' = 0. "明亮度-1~1,1完全透明

SET PROPERTY OF lo_font 'Bold' = 0.  "是否粗体字 0 :false 1:true

SET PROPERTY OF lo_font 'Italic' = 1. "是否斜体 0:false 1:true

SET PROPERTY OF lo_font 'Underline' = 2. "xlUnderlineStyleSingle = 2,下划线

 

"设置单元格背景

DATA:lo_interior TYPE ole2_object.

CALL METHOD OF lo_cell 'interior' = lo_interior.

SET PROPERTY OF lo_interior 'Color' = 12123441.

 

"设置单元格边框

DATA:lo_borders TYPE ole2_object.

"获取边框对象,输入参数‘7’:左边框xlEdgeLeft;‘8’:上边框xlEdgeTop;‘9’:下边框xlEdgeBottom;‘10’:右边框xlEdgeRight

CALL METHOD OF lo_cell 'borders' = lo_borders

  EXPORTING

    # = 7.

SET PROPERTY OF lo_borders 'LineStyle' = 1."xlContinuous='1'

SET PROPERTY OF lo_borders 'Weight' = 4."xlThick = 4

 

"在对应new sheet设置单元格值

"创建单元个

CALL METHOD OF new_worksheet 'Cells' = lo_cell

   EXPORTING

   # = 1  "Row

   # = 1. "Column

SET PROPERTY OF lo_cell 'value' = 'hello2'.   "设置单元个值

 

"创建单元个

CALL METHOD OF new_worksheet 'Cells' = lo_cell

   EXPORTING

   # = 1  "Row

   # = 2. "Column

SET PROPERTY OF lo_cell 'value' = 'welcome2'.   "设置单元个值

 

 

*"选择Ranges of cells

*CALL METHOD OF lo_worksheet 'Cells' = lo_cellstart

*  EXPORTING

*    # = 1 "row

*    # = 1. "column

*

*CALL METHOD OF lo_worksheet 'Cells' = lo_cellend

*  EXPORTING

*    # = 3 "row

*    # = 3. "column

*

*"选中一个区域Cell

*CALL METHOD OF lo_worksheet 'RANGE' = lo_range

*  EXPORTING

*    # = lo_cellstart

*    # = lo_cellend.

*

"选择列

*CALL METHOD OF lo_worksheet 'Columns' = lo_column

*  EXPORTING

*    # = 1.

*"选择行

*CALL METHOD OF lo_worksheet 'Row' = lo_row

*  EXPORTING

*    # = 2.

*

*"获取选中区域selection

*CALL METHOD OF lo_row 'Select'.

*CALL METHOD OF lo_application 'selection' = lo_selection.

 

*"添加验证

*"选中(4,4)

*CALL METHOD OF lo_worksheet 'Cells' = lo_cell

*  EXPORTING

*    # = 4

*    # = 4.

*"获取选中区域selection

*CALL METHOD OF lo_cell 'Select'.

*CALL METHOD OF lo_application 'selection' = lo_selection.

*"获取验证对象lo_validation

*CALL METHOD OF lo_selection 'Validation' = lo_validation.

*"添加验证规则

*CALL METHOD OF lo_validation 'Add'

*  EXPORTING

*    #1 = 4 "验证类型Type 4 = xlValidateDate,验证日期

*    #2 = 1 "验证弹窗类型AlertStype  1 = xlValidAlertStop

*    #3 = 1 "操作类型,Operator  1 = xlBetween,在之间

*    #4 = '1/1/2000'   "Formula1

*    #5 = '1/1/2010'.  "Formula2

*"设置错误信息

*SET PROPERTY OF lo_validation 'ErrorMessage' = 'Enter a valid date'.

 

 

"调用lo_workbook 'SaveAs' 方法保存excel

CALL METHOD OF lo_workbook 'SaveAs'

  EXPORTING

    # = lv_complete_path.

if sy-subrc = 0.

  MESSAGE 'File downloaded successfully' TYPE 'S'.

ELSE.

  MESSAGE 'Error downloading the file' TYPE 'E'.

ENDIF.

 

CALL METHOD OF  lo_application  'QUIT'.   "退出excel

 

"释放资源

FREE OBJECT lo_worksheet.

FREE OBJECT new_worksheet.

FREE OBJECT lo_workbook.

FREE OBJECT lo_workbooks.

FREE OBJECT lo_application.
View Code

 

3、DOI操作EXCEL

DOI:Desktop Office Integretion

四个对象:

container: 存放excel电子表格(spreadsheet)的容器。

展示spreadsheet肯定需要一个容器来存放。这个容器一般在dialog screen中定义,也可以直接使用ABAP程序默认的screen(即screen号码为1000的屏幕)。

container control: 容器中用于创建和管理其他Office集成所需要的对象。container control是一个接口,类型是i_oi_container_control。

document proxy: 每一个document proxy的实例代表用office application打开的文档,可以是excel,也可以是word。如果想打开多个文档,需要定义多个实例。document proxy是一个接口,类型为i_oi_document_proxy。

spreadsheet: spreadsheet接口,代表最终要操作的excel文档。spreadhseet的类型是i_oi_spreadsheet

 

通过Tcode:OAOR,可以将本地文档模板上传到服务器行,通过对应类读取到ABAP程序中进行操作。

如果读取服务器上的文档模板,需要cl_bds_document_set类:

business document set: bds是business document set的缩写。

business document set用于管理后续要操作的文档,可以包含一个或多个文档。

示例:

ABAP学习(8):操作EXCEL
"容器对象

DATA:gr_container type ref to cl_gui_container.

"管理Excel或其他文档对象

DATA:gr_control type ref to i_oi_container_control.

"文档对象,打开保存文档操作

DATA:gr_document type ref to i_oi_document_proxy.

"sheet操作接口对象

DATA:gr_spreadsheet type ref to i_oi_spreadsheet.

 

"sheet中选择操作区域range

DATA:gr_ranges type SOI_RANGE_LIST.

DATA:gr_ranges_item TYPE SOI_RANGE_ITEM.

"对应range的填充内容

DATA:gr_contents TYPE SOI_GENERIC_TABLE.

DATA:gr_contents_item TYPE SOI_GENERIC_ITEM.

 

start-of-selection.

  perform main.

 

*get container

form get_container.

  "获取容器对象,实例化

  gr_container = cl_gui_container=>screen0."screen0 代表当前1000默认屏幕

endform.                    "get_container

 

* create container control

form create_container_control.

  "调用方法,创建管理对象control

  CALL METHOD c_oi_container_control_creator=>get_container_control

    IMPORTING

      control = gr_control.

 

  "初始化control对象

* initialize control

  CALL METHOD gr_control->init_control

    EXPORTING

      inplace_enabled          = 'X'  "嵌入屏幕显示‘x’

      inplace_scroll_documents = 'X'  "可滚动

      register_on_close_event  = 'X'

      register_on_custom_event = 'X'

      r3_application_name      = 'DOI demo'

      parent                   = gr_container.

endform.

 

"create excel document

form create_excel_document.

  CALL METHOD gr_control->get_document_proxy

    EXPORTING

      document_type  = 'Excel.Sheet'

      no_flush       = 'X'

    IMPORTING

      document_proxy = gr_document.

 

  "open_inplace参数控制excel文档是独立显示还是在SAP GUI中嵌入显示。

  "如果嵌入显示,gr_control的init_control方法中,inplace_enabled参数要设为X

  CALL METHOD gr_document->create_document

    EXPORTING

      document_title = 'DOI test'

      no_flush       = ''

      open_inplace   = ''.

 

endform.         "create_excel_document

 

"使用spreedsheet填充数据

form fill_data.

  "sheet的名字

  DATA:sheetname(20) TYPE C .

  DATA:error TYPE REF TO I_OI_ERROR.

  DATA:retcode TYPE SOI_RET_STRING.

 

  "调用document的方法,获取sheet对象

  CALL METHOD gr_document->get_spreadsheet_interface

    EXPORTING

      no_flush        = ''

    IMPORTING

      sheet_interface = gr_spreadsheet

      error           = error.

 

  "spreadsheet可以获取当前活动sheetname

  CALL METHOD gr_spreadsheet->get_active_sheet

    EXPORTING

      no_flush  = ''

    IMPORTING

      sheetname = sheetname

      error     = error

      retcode   = retcode.

 

  "获取当前活动sheet指定ranges区域

  CALL METHOD gr_spreadsheet->insert_range_dim

    EXPORTING

      no_flush  = ''

      name      = 'range1'

      left      = 1

      top       = 1

      rows      = 1

      columns   = 2

*     updating  = 1

*     sheetname = 'sheet1'

    IMPORTING

      error     = error

      retcode   = retcode.

 

*  "修改range的名字,范围

*  CALL METHOD gr_spreadsheet->change_range

*    EXPORTING

*      rangename = 'range1'

*      newname = 'range1'

*      rows = 1

*      columns = 1

**     updating = 1 "默认-1

*    IMPORTING

*      error = error

*      retcode = retcode.

 

  "设置ranges区域字体

  CALL METHOD gr_spreadsheet->set_font

    EXPORTING

      rangename = 'range1'  "range的名字

      family    = 'Times New Roman'

      size      = 9

      bold      = 0    "加粗

      italic    = 0    "斜体

      align     = 0    "水平居中

    IMPORTING

      error     = error

      retcode   = retcode.

 

  "设置ranges区域格式

  CALL METHOD gr_spreadsheet->set_format

    EXPORTING

      rangename = 'range1'

      typ       = 0

      currency  = 'RMB'

      decimals  = 1

    IMPORTING

      error     = error

      retcode   = retcode.

 

  "设置ranges区域

  gr_ranges_item-name = 'range1'.

  gr_ranges_item-rows = 1.

  gr_ranges_item-columns = 2.

  APPEND gr_ranges_item TO gr_ranges.

 

  "设置内容,value 256长度

  gr_contents_item-row = 1.

  gr_contents_item-column = 1.

  gr_contents_item-value = '112'.

  APPEND gr_contents_item TO gr_contents.

 

  gr_contents_item-row = 1.

  gr_contents_item-column = 2.

  gr_contents_item-value = '113'.

  APPEND gr_contents_item TO gr_contents.

 

  "设置sheet中的内容

  CALL METHOD gr_spreadsheet->set_ranges_data

    EXPORTING

      no_flush  = ''

      ranges    = gr_ranges   "选中区域

      contents  = gr_contents "填充内容

*     updating  = ''

*     rangesdef = ''

    IMPORTING

      retcode   = retcode

      error     = error.

 

*  "创建一个新的sheet

*  call method gr_spreadsheet->add_sheet

*    exporting

*      name = 'sheet1'

*      no_flush = ''

*    importing

*      error = error

*      retcode = retcode.

*  "删除一个sheet

*  call method gr_spreadsheet->delete_sheet

*    exporting

*      name = 'sheet1'

*      no_flush = ''

*    importing

*      error = error

*      retcode = retcode.

  "active指定name的sheet

*  CALL METHOD gr_spreadsheet->select_sheet

*    EXPORTING

*      name = 'sheet1'

*      no_flush  = ''

*    IMPORTING

*      error     = error

*      retcode   = retcode.

*   "修改sheet名字

*   CALL METHOD gr_spreadsheet->set_sheet_name

*      EXPORTING

*        newname = 'sheet1'

*        oldname = sheetname

*        no_flush  = ''

*      IMPORTING

*        error = error

*        retcode = retcode.

 

 

endform.

 

"保存文档

form save_doc.

  DATA:error TYPE REF TO I_OI_ERROR.

  DATA:retcode TYPE SOI_RET_STRING.

  "保存的文件路径

  DATA:file_name(20) TYPE C VALUE 'D:\test.xls'.

 

  "只传文件名,不设置路径,该方法会自动默认保存到c盘用户文件下的文档文件夹中)

  CALL METHOD gr_document->save_as

    EXPORTING

      file_name   = file_name

      prompt_user = ''

    IMPORTING

      error       = error

      retcode     = retcode.

 

endform.

 

"释放资源

form free_source.

  "关闭文档

  CALL METHOD gr_document->close_document.

  "释放容器

  CALL METHOD gr_container->free.

  "关闭文档管理

  CALL METHOD gr_control->destroy_control.

  FREE gr_control.

 

  LEAVE PROGRAM.

endform.

 

form main.

*  skip 1.

 

  perform get_container.

  perform create_container_control.

  perform create_excel_document.

  Perform fill_data.

  perform save_doc.

  perform free_source.

endform.
View Code

 

 

带模板的DOI操作:

1、使用Tcode:OAOR,上传指定格式的文档;、

2、通过调用cl_bds_document_set=>get_with_url方法,获取我们上传文档的URL;

3、然后通过gr_document->open_document,将获取的URL传入,打开的就是我们上传的模板文档;

 ABAP学习(8):操作EXCEL

使用OAOR,上传模板。Class name:HRFPM_EXCEL_STANDARD;Class Type:OT;Object Key:可以自己定义,访问时也是通过这个找到我们文件,示例:DOI_EXCEL_TEXT。

 ABAP学习(8):操作EXCEL

    可以选择我们要上传的文档类型。这里我们选中excel,双击会弹出一个文件选择框,选择我们要上传的模板文件就可以了。

 ABAP学习(8):操作EXCEL

    修改一下描述,或者默认,点击确认就可以了。

 ABAP学习(8):操作EXCEL

    我们可以看到已经上传成功。

 

使用代码访问到我们上传的文档,获取文档的URL

示例:

*business document system

data: gr_bds_documents type ref to cl_bds_document_set,

      g_classname type sbdst_classname,

      g_classtype type sbdst_classtype,

      g_objectkey type sbdst_object_key,

      g_doc_components type sbdst_components,

      g_doc_signature type sbdst_signature.

* template url

data: gt_bds_uris type sbdst_uri,

      gs_bds_url like line of gt_bds_uris,

      g_template_url(256) type c.

 

g_classname = 'HRFPM_EXCEL_STANDARD'.

g_classtype = 'OT'.

g_objectkey = 'DOI_EXCEL_TEST'.

 

form get_template_url.

 

  CREATE OBJECT gr_bds_documents.

 

  CALL METHOD cl_bds_document_set=>get_info

    EXPORTING

      classname  = g_classname

      classtype  = g_classtype

      object_key = g_objectkey

    CHANGING

      components = g_doc_components

      signature  = g_doc_signature.

 

  CALL METHOD cl_bds_document_set=>get_with_url

    EXPORTING

      classname  = g_classname

      classtype  = g_classtype

      object_key = g_objectkey

    CHANGING

      uris       = gt_bds_uris

      signature  = g_doc_signature.

 

  free gr_bds_documents.

 

  read table gt_bds_uris into gs_bds_url index 1.

  g_template_url = gs_bds_url-uri.

endform.                    "get_template_url

 

"通过URL获取模板文档

call method gr_document->open_document

     exporting open_inplace = 'X'

               document_url = g_template_url.

 

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