Ansible默认安装好后有一个配置文件/etc/ansible/ansible.cfg,该配置文件中定义了ansible的主机的默认配置部分,如默认是否需要输入密码、是否开启sudo认证、action_plugins插件的位置、hosts主机组的位置、是否开启log功能、默认端口、key文件位置等等。
具体如下:
- [defaults]
- # some basic default values...
- hostfile = /etc/ansible/hosts \\指定默认hosts配置的位置
- # library_path = /usr/share/my_modules/
- remote_tmp = $HOME/.ansible/tmp
- pattern = *
- forks = 5
- poll_interval = 15
- sudo_user = root \\远程sudo用户
- #ask_sudo_pass = True \\每次执行ansible命令是否询问ssh密码
- #ask_pass = True \\每次执行ansible命令时是否询问sudo密码
- transport = smart
- remote_port = 22
- module_lang = C
- gathering = implicit
- host_key_checking = False \\关闭第一次使用ansible连接客户端是输入命令提示
- log_path = /var/log/ansible.log \\需要时可以自行添加。chown -R root:root ansible.log
- system_warnings = False \\关闭运行ansible时系统的提示信息,一般为提示升级
- # set plugin path directories here, separate with colons
- action_plugins = /usr/share/ansible_plugins/action_plugins
- callback_plugins = /usr/share/ansible_plugins/callback_plugins
- connection_plugins = /usr/share/ansible_plugins/connection_plugins
- lookup_plugins = /usr/share/ansible_plugins/lookup_plugins
- vars_plugins = /usr/share/ansible_plugins/vars_plugins
- filter_plugins = /usr/share/ansible_plugins/filter_plugins
- fact_caching = memory
- [accelerate]
- accelerate_port = 5099
- accelerate_timeout = 30
- accelerate_connect_timeout = 5.0
- # The daemon timeout is measured in minutes. This time is measured
- # from the last activity to the accelerate daemon.
- accelerate_daemon_timeout = 30
本篇就结合一个示例对其进行下了解。我在对之前未连接的主机进行连结时报错如下:
- [root@361way.com ~]# ansible test -a 'uptime'
- 10.212.52.14 | FAILED => Using a SSH password instead of a key is not possible because Host Key checking is enabled and sshpass does not support this. Please add this host's fingerprint to your known_hosts file to manage this host.
- 10.212.52.16 | FAILED => Using a SSH password instead of a key is not possible because Host Key checking is enabled and sshpass does not support this. Please add this host's fingerprint to your known_hosts file to manage this host.
从上面的输出提示上基本可以了解到由于在本机的~/.ssh/known_hosts文件中并有fingerprint key串,ssh第一次连接的时候一般会提示输入yes 进行确认为将key字符串加入到 ~/.ssh/known_hosts 文件中。
方法1:
了解到问题原因为,我们了解到进行ssh连接时,可以使用-o参数将StrictHostKeyChecking设置为no,使用ssh连接时避免首次连接时让输入yes/no部分的提示。通过查看ansible.cfg配置文件,发现如下行:
- [ssh_connection]
- # ssh arguments to use
- # Leaving off ControlPersist will result in poor performance, so use
- # paramiko on older platforms rather than removing it
- #ssh_args = -o ControlMaster=auto -o ControlPersist=60s
所以这里我们可以启用ssh_args 部分,使用下面的配置,避免上面出现的错误:
- ssh_args = -o ControlMaster=auto -o ControlPersist=60s -o StrictHostKeyChecking=no
方法2:
在ansible.cfg配置文件中,也会找到如下部分:
- # uncomment this to disable SSH key host checking
- host_key_checking = False
默认host_key_checking部分是注释的,通过找开该行的注释,同样也可以实现跳过 ssh 首次连接提示验证部分。由于配置文件中直接有该选项,所以推荐用方法2 。
其他部分
由于官方给的说明比较详细,同时ansible.cfg 文件本身默认也有注释提示部分,所以不做过多说明,这里再举个例子,默认ansible 执行的时候,并不会输出日志到文件,不过在ansible.cfg 配置文件中有如下行:
- # logging is off by default unless this path is defined
- # if so defined, consider logrotate
- log_path = /var/log/ansible.log
同样,默认log_path这行是注释的,打开该行的注释,所有的命令执行后,都会将日志输出到/var/log/ansible.log 文件,便于了解在何时执行了何操作及其结果,如下:
- [root@361way.com ansible]# cat /var/log/ansible.log
- 2015-05-04 01:57:19,758 p=4667 u=root |
- 2015-05-04 01:57:19,759 p=4667 u=root | /usr/bin/ansible test -a uptime
- 2015-05-04 01:57:19,759 p=4667 u=root |
- 2015-05-04 01:57:20,563 p=4667 u=root | 10.212.52.252 | success | rc=0 >>
- 01:57am up 23 days 11:20, 2 users, load average: 0.38, 0.38, 0.40
- 2015-05-04 01:57:20,831 p=4667 u=root | 10.212.52.14 | success | rc=0 >>
- 02:03am up 331 days 8:19, 2 users, load average: 0.08, 0.05, 0.05
- 2015-05-04 01:57:20,909 p=4667 u=root | 10.212.52.16 | success | rc=0 >>
- 02:05am up 331 days 8:56, 2 users, load average: 0.00, 0.01, 0.05
更多部分可以参看官方文档。