(1) 当前方法：

We propose the first constraint programming (CP) approaches for modeling and solving the EVRPTW and compare them to an existing mixed-integer linear program (MILP)

(2)前人方法：

The EVRPTW literature has seen considerable research activity, including：

 sophisticated exact approaches [7,10],

 metaheuristics [13,29], 

A Constraint Programming Approach to Electric Vehicle Routing with Time Windows（EVRPTW）