网上提供了很多Asp.net中操作Excel的方法,其中大部分是调用微软的Office组件,下面提供三个无须安装Office即可从Asp.net输出Excel的方法。
1 简单方法
//下面代码输出的Excel有三列(姓名、年龄、性别)
//列之间用\t隔开
StringWriter sw = new StringWriter();
sw.WriteLine("姓名\t年龄\t性别"); //Excel表格的列标题
sw.WriteLine("张三\t29\t男"); //行数据
sw.WriteLine("李四\t35\t男");
sw.WriteLine("王五\t20\t女");
/*如果从数据库返回的数据
DataTable dt; //假设dt已经有数据,数据格式name、age、sex
foreach(DataRow row in dt.Rows)
{
sw.WriteLine(string.Format("{0}\t{1}\t{2}", row["name"], row["age"], row["sex"]));
}
*/
//asp.net输出的Excel文件名
//如果文件名是中文的话,需要进行编码转换,否则浏览器看到的下载文件是乱码。
string fileName = HttpUtility.UrlEncode("Excel.xls");;
Response.Buffer = true;
Response.Clear();
//asp.net返回的数据类型,这里设置download。
//浏览器会把返回的数据当成文件下载来处理。
Response.ContentType = "application/download";
//设置返回数据的编码,如果不设置该项,Excel的中文是乱码。
Response.ContentEncoding = System.Text.Encoding.GetEncoding("GB2312");
Response.AddHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment;filename=" + fileName + ";");
Response.Write(sw); //把数据写入输出流。
Response.Flush();
Response.Close();
2 NPOI导出Excel 2003
NPOI是一个开源库,支持各种Excel操作,不过只能操作97~2003版的Excel,不兼容Excel 2007。
NPOI的下载地址是http://npoi.codeplex.com/,目前最新版本是1.2.5。
//引入NPOI库
using NPOI.HSSF.UserModel;
using NPOI.HPSF;
using NPOI.SS.UserModel;
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
HSSFWorkbook hssfworkbook = new HSSFWorkbook();
//Excel文件的摘要信息
DocumentSummaryInformation dsi = PropertySetFactory.CreateDocumentSummaryInformation();
dsi.Company = "blog.csdn.net";
hssfworkbook.DocumentSummaryInformation = dsi;
SummaryInformation si = PropertySetFactory.CreateSummaryInformation();
si.Subject = "Export Excel";
hssfworkbook.SummaryInformation = si;
//下面代码输出的Excel有三列(姓名、年龄、性别)
ISheet sheet1 = hssfworkbook.CreateSheet("Sheet1");
IRow row0 = sheet1.CreateRow(0);
row0.CreateCell(0).SetCellValue("姓名");
row0.CreateCell(1).SetCellValue("年龄");
row0.CreateCell(2).SetCellValue("性别");
IRow row1 = sheet1.CreateRow(1);
row1.CreateCell(0).SetCellValue("张三");
row1.CreateCell(1).SetCellValue(29);
row1.CreateCell(2).SetCellValue("男");
IRow row2 = sheet1.CreateRow(2);
row2.CreateCell(0).SetCellValue("李四");
row2.CreateCell(1).SetCellValue(35);
row2.CreateCell(2).SetCellValue("男");
IRow row3 = sheet1.CreateRow(3);
row3.CreateCell(0).SetCellValue("王五");
row3.CreateCell(1).SetCellValue(20);
row3.CreateCell(2).SetCellValue("女");
/*如果从数据库获取的数据
DataTable dt = null; //假设dt已经有数据,数据格式name、age、sex
for (int i = 0; i < dt.Rows.Count; i++)
{
//DataTable中的行和Excel中的行对应
DataRow row = dt.Rows[i];
IRow excelRow = sheet1.CreateRow(i);
excelRow.CreateCell(0).SetCellValue(row["name"].ToString());
excelRow.CreateCell(1).SetCellValue(row["age"].ToString());
excelRow.CreateCell(2).SetCellValue(row["sex"].ToString());
//DataTable中的Column和Excel中的Cell对应
//也可以对DataTable中的列进行循环获取字段值
for (int j = 0; j < dt.Columns.Count; j++)
{
string value = dt.Rows[i][j].ToString();
excelRow.CreateCell(j).SetCellValue(value);
}
}
*/
MemoryStream ms = new MemoryStream();
hssfworkbook.Write(ms);
//asp.net输出的Excel文件名
//如果文件名是中文的话,需要进行编码转换,否则浏览器看到的下载文件是乱码。
string fileName = HttpUtility.UrlEncode("Excel.xls");
Response.ContentType = "application/vnd.ms-excel";
//Response.ContentType = "application/download"; //也可以设置成download
Response.AddHeader("Content-Disposition", string.Format("attachment;filename={0}", fileName));
Response.Buffer = true;
Response.Clear();
Response.BinaryWrite(ms.GetBuffer());
Response.End();
3 EPPlus库生成Excel 2007
EPPlus支持Excel 2007,下载地址http://epplus.codeplex.com/。
//引入EPPlus的命名空间
//using OfficeOpenXml;
ExcelPackage excel = new ExcelPackage();
ExcelWorksheet sheet = excel.Workbook.Worksheets.Add("sheet1");
sheet.Cells["A1"].Value = "姓名";
sheet.Cells["B1"].Value = "年龄";
sheet.Cells["C1"].Value = "性别";
sheet.Cells["A2"].Value = "张三";
sheet.Cells["B2"].Value = 29;
sheet.Cells["C2"].Value = "男";
sheet.Cells["A3"].Value = "李四";
sheet.Cells["B3"].Value = 35;
sheet.Cells["C3"].Value = "男";
sheet.Cells["A4"].Value = "王五";
sheet.Cells["B4"].Value = 20;
sheet.Cells["C4"].Value = "女";
/*
//也可以用2维数组
//数组的索引从1开始
sheet.Cells[1, 1].Value = "姓名";
sheet.Cells[1, 2].Value = "年龄";
sheet.Cells[1, 3].Value = "性别";
sheet.Cells[2, 1].Value = "张三";
sheet.Cells[2, 2].Value = 29;
sheet.Cells[2, 3].Value = "男";
sheet.Cells[3, 1].Value = "李四";
sheet.Cells[3, 2].Value = 35;
sheet.Cells[3, 3].Value = "男";
sheet.Cells[4, 1].Value = "王五";
sheet.Cells[4, 2].Value = 20;
sheet.Cells[4, 3].Value = "女";
*/
MemoryStream ms = new MemoryStream();
excel.SaveAs(ms);
//asp.net输出的Excel文件名
//如果文件名是中文的话,需要进行编码转换,否则浏览器看到的下载文件是乱码。
string fileName = HttpUtility.UrlEncode("Excel.xlsx");
Response.ContentType = "application/vnd.ms-excel";
//Response.ContentType = "application/download"; //也可以设置成download
Response.AddHeader("Content-Disposition", string.Format("attachment;filename={0}", fileName));
Response.Buffer = true;
Response.Clear();
Response.BinaryWrite(ms.GetBuffer());
Response.End();