现在基本没有什么能离得开数据库了，django我一直用的都是mysql的数据库，这次和大家说说django--mysql数据库的一些常用命令吧
1：命令行登陆mysql
C:\Users\Administrator>mysql -uroot -p
Enter password: ********
2：创建一个新的数据库并使用它
mysql> create database t; Query OK, 1 row affected (0.02 sec) mysql> use t; Database changed
3：说点注意问题，我们先练show一下
mysql> show create database t; +----------+--------------------------------------------------------------+ | Database | Create Database | +----------+--------------------------------------------------------------+ | t | CREATE DATABASE `t` /*!40100 DEFAULT CHARACTER SET latin1 */ | +----------+--------------------------------------------------------------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec)
注意到字符集是Latin1的
这样就无法存中文了，下面我们改一下设置吧，具体的命令我就不一一解说了，相信大家都能看得懂
mysql> show variables like ‘char%‘; +--------------------------+---------------------------------------------------- -----+ | Variable_name | Value | +--------------------------+---------------------------------------------------- -----+ | character_set_client | latin1 | | character_set_connection | latin1 | | character_set_database | latin1 | | character_set_filesystem | binary | | character_set_results | latin1 | | character_set_server | latin1 | | character_set_system | utf8 | | character_sets_dir | C:\Program Files\MySQL\MySQL Server 5.5\share\chars ets\ | +--------------------------+---------------------------------------------------- -----+ 8 rows in set (0.01 sec) mysql> set names utf8; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec) mysql> show variables like ‘char%‘; +--------------------------+---------------------------------------------------- -----+ | Variable_name | Value | +--------------------------+---------------------------------------------------- -----+ | character_set_client | utf8 | | character_set_connection | utf8 | | character_set_database | latin1 | | character_set_filesystem | binary | | character_set_results | utf8 | | character_set_server | latin1 | | character_set_system | utf8 | | character_sets_dir | C:\Program Files\MySQL\MySQL Server 5.5\share\chars ets\ | +--------------------------+---------------------------------------------------- -----+ 8 rows in set (0.00 sec) mysql> set character_set_database = ‘utf8‘; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> set character_set_server = ‘utf8‘; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> show variables like ‘char%‘; +--------------------------+---------------------------------------------------- -----+ | Variable_name | Value | +--------------------------+---------------------------------------------------- -----+ | character_set_client | utf8 | | character_set_connection | utf8 | | character_set_database | utf8 | | character_set_filesystem | binary | | character_set_results | utf8 | | character_set_server | utf8 | | character_set_system | utf8 | | character_sets_dir | C:\Program Files\MySQL\MySQL Server 5.5\share\chars ets\ | +--------------------------+---------------------------------------------------- -----+ 8 rows in set (0.00 sec)
3：然后把1,2步骤中创建的数据库删掉，drop database +数据库名就可以了，然后重新创建就ok了
4：现在配置django中的配置文件
DATABASES = { ‘default‘: { ‘ENGINE‘: ‘django.db.backends.mysql‘, # Add ‘postgresql_psycopg2‘, ‘mysql‘, ‘sqlite3‘ or ‘oracle‘. ‘NAME‘: ‘irsearch‘, # Or path to database file if using sqlite3. ‘USER‘: ‘root‘, # Not used with sqlite3. ‘PASSWORD‘: ‘你的数据库的密码‘, # Not used with sqlite3. ‘HOST‘: ‘127.0.0.1‘, # Set to empty string for localhost. Not used with sqlite3. ‘PORT‘: ‘‘, # Set to empty string for default. Not used with sqlite3. } }
5：写model.py了，简单举例，注意一定要用models.Model，否则没用的
#-*- coding: utf-8 -*- from django.db import models # Create your models here. class Weibo(models.Model): """docstring for weibo""" w_id = models.IntegerField(primary_key=True) userid = models.CharField(max_length=20) username = models.CharField(max_length=30) content = models.CharField(max_length=2000) ptime = models.CharField(max_length=20) count = models.IntegerField()
6：django的SQL操作
python manage.py syncdb 初始化数据库或者更新数据库
python manage.py sql +数据库名字
python manage.py sql +数据库名字 > t.sql 可以让这些数据写入到t.sql中，可以直接用
6：mysql的数据导入导出
其实强烈不建议使用mysql的数据导入导出的，可以通过后台直接读取数据库而进行数据库中的数据的导入导出
C:\Users\Administrator>mysqldump Usage: mysqldump [OPTIONS] database [tables] OR mysqldump [OPTIONS] --databases [OPTIONS] DB1 [DB2 DB3...] OR mysqldump [OPTIONS] --all-databases [OPTIONS] For more options, use mysqldump --help 数据库名 表名 C:\Users\Administrator>mysqldump -uroot -p irsearch search_stop >stop.txt Enter password: ********
然后就可以在当前目录下看到stop.txt了，最好是输出到sql文件里面，然后就可以直接导入sql了
如果是导入新浪SAE的数据库，记得吧里面的LOCK，UNLOCK 指令去掉，因为SAE没有给你这个指令的权限
最后一定提醒大家，注意数据库的存放格式，否则你会哭的，相信我