linux下使用shell命令通过wpa_cli控制wpa_supplicant连接wifi

2022-07-12 18:30:01

最近在调试wifi，已经把wpa_supplicant 工具编译打包好了，为了测试wif驱动及wifi模块是否ok，需要用shell命令临时启动wifi服务连接wifi热点测试。

首先板子启动用ifconfig后先把wlan0启动起来

root@p1:/ # busybox-smp ifconfig wlan0 up                          
root@p1:/ # busybox-smp ifconfig                                   
lo        Link encap:Local Loopback  
          inet addr:127.0.0.1  Mask:255.0.0.0
          inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host
          UP LOOPBACK RUNNING  MTU:65536  Metric:1
          RX packets:13931 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
          TX packets:13931 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
          collisions:0 txqueuelen:1 
          RX bytes:773000 (754.8 KiB)  TX bytes:773000 (754.8 KiB)

wlan0     Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 7C:DD:90:EC:F2:1E  
          UP BROADCAST MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1
          RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:2 overruns:0 frame:0
          TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
          collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 
          RX bytes:0 (0.0 B)  TX bytes:0 (0.0 B)

现在wlan0已经up起来了。

然后启动wpa服务，需要一个wpa_supplicant.conf,我的配置如下

update_config=1
ctrl_interface=/data/misc/wifi/wlan0
eapol_version=1
ap_scan=1
fast_reauth=1

其中的ctrl_interface就是用来和wpa_cli通信使用，其原理是wpa_supplicant是个干活的wifi服务器（比如连接wifi，断开wifi，启动热点等），wpa_cli就是个客户端，通过本地socket通信连接上wpa_supplicant服务器，发命令叫他干活。

现在把wpa_supplicant服务启动起来

root@p1:/ # wpa_supplicant -iwlan0 -c/system/etc/wifi/wpa_supplicant.conf -B

-B是在后台运行，如果想要看过程中的详细log，可以加上参数-dd，然后用logcat同时看log。

现在wpa服务已经起来了，下面用wpa_cli客户端连接到wpa

wpa_cli -iwlan0 -p/data/misc/wifi/wlan0                
wpa_cli v2.1-devel-4.4.2
Copyright (c) 2004-2013, Jouni Malinen <j@w1.fi> and contributors

This software may be distributed under the terms of the BSD license.
See README for more details.



Interactive mode

>

以上log显示已经连接上wpa了

如果wpa异常，cli就无法连接会看到一下log，然后wpa_cli处于阻塞状态

Could not connect to wpa_supplicant: wlan0 - re-trying

现在我们的wpa_cli已经连上了，可以通过命令来查看当前的wifi状态

> status
wpa_state=DISCONNECTED
p2p_device_address=7c:dd:90:ec:f2:1e
address=7c:dd:90:ec:f2:1e
<3>CTRL-EVENT-STATE-CHANGE id=-1 state=0 BSSID=00:00:00:00:00:00 SSID=

现在我们还没有连接网络，首先使用scan命令扫描一下附近的wifi网络，然后使用scan_results显示扫描的结果

> scan
OK
<3>CTRL-EVENT-STATE-CHANGE id=-1 state=3 BSSID=00:00:00:00:00:00 SSID=
<3>CTRL-EVENT-SCAN-RESULTS 
<3>WPS-AP-AVAILABLE 
<3>CTRL-EVENT-STATE-CHANGE id=-1 state=2 BSSID=00:00:00:00:00:00 SSID=
scan scan_interval scan_results
> scan_results 
bssid / frequency / signal level / flags / ssid
50:fa:84:50:31:5e       2472    -75     [WPA-PSK-CCMP][WPA2-PSK-CCMP][ESS]      \xe6\xb5\xb7\xe8\xb1\x9a
28:6c:07:41:ec:32       5745    -83     [WPA-PSK-CCMP+TKIP][WPA2-PSK-CCMP+TKIP][WPS][ESS]       AirFly_5G
5e:ea:1d:8b:2b:58       5745    -86     [WPA2-PSK-CCMP][WPS][ESS]       DIRECT-58-HP M130 LaserJet
f2:85:c1:92:1e:41       5765    -86     [WPA2-PSK-CCMP][ESS]    AIRFLY-921E52
28:6c:07:41:ec:31       2417    -85     [WPA-PSK-CCMP+TKIP][WPA2-PSK-CCMP+TKIP][WPS][ESS]       AirFly
2a:6c:07:41:ec:31       2417    -86     [WPA-PSK-CCMP+TKIP][WPA2-PSK-CCMP+TKIP][WPS][ESS]       AirFly_Guest
dc:fe:18:14:e4:65       5805    -92     [WPA-PSK-CCMP+TKIP][WPA2-PSK-CCMP+TKIP][ESS]    632-5G
f4:28:53:b9:dc:00       5745    -92     [WPA-PSK-CCMP+TKIP][WPA2-PSK-CCMP+TKIP][WPS][ESS]       Tony_5G_O
c0:21:0d:45:10:c1       5260    -76     [ESS]   X-Link 10C1
f4:28:53:a6:ed:f1       5220    -90     [ESS]   PIX-LINK_5G
2a:6c:07:40:ec:31       2417    -89     [ESS]
f4:28:53:a6:ed:f0       2437    -92     [ESS]   PIX-LINK_2.4G

这里也支持命令的tab补全功能，现在已经扫描到附近的一些wifi热点了，比如AirFly,AirFly_5G等是我们办公室的无线网，由于这个wifi模块不支持5G频道，现在只能连接2.4G的，AirFly

下面我们来添加一个刚才扫描的网络进来

> add_network 
0
> add_network
1
<network id> <variable> <value> = set network variables (shows
  list of variables when run without arguments)
<network id> <variable> <value> = set network variables (shows
  list of variables when run without arguments)
<network id> <variable> <value> = set network variables (shows
  list of variables when run without arguments)
> set_network 1 ssid "AirFly"
OK
> set_network 1 psk "********"
OK

现在只是添加了网络，还没连接，真正连接命令是

enable_network n

后面的参数n就是刚才设置的那个网络 1

> enable_network 1
OK
<3>CTRL-EVENT-STATE-CHANGE id=-1 state=3 BSSID=00:00:00:00:00:00 SSID=
<3>CTRL-EVENT-SCAN-RESULTS 
<3>WPS-AP-AVAILABLE 
<3>Trying to associate with 28:6c:07:41:ec:31 (SSID='AirFly' freq=2417 MHz)
<3>CTRL-EVENT-STATE-CHANGE id=-1 state=5 BSSID=00:00:00:00:00:00 SSID=
<3>CTRL-EVENT-ASSOC-REJECT status_code=1
<3>CTRL-EVENT-STATE-CHANGE id=1 state=0 BSSID=00:00:00:00:00:00 SSID=AirFly
<3>CTRL-EVENT-ASSOC-REJECT status_code=1
<3>CTRL-EVENT-STATE-CHANGE id=-1 state=3 BSSID=00:00:00:00:00:00 SSID=
<3>CTRL-EVENT-SCAN-RESULTS 
<3>WPS-AP-AVAILABLE 
<3>Trying to associate with 28:6c:07:41:ec:31 (SSID='AirFly' freq=2417 MHz)
<3>CTRL-EVENT-STATE-CHANGE id=-1 state=5 BSSID=00:00:00:00:00:00 SSID=
<3>CTRL-EVENT-ASSOC-REJECT status_code=1
<3>CTRL-EVENT-STATE-CHANGE id=1 state=0 BSSID=00:00:00:00:00:00 SSID=AirFly
<3>CTRL-EVENT-ASSOC-REJECT status_code=1
<3>CTRL-EVENT-STATE-CHANGE id=-1 state=3 BSSID=00:00:00:00:00:00 SSID=
<3>CTRL-EVENT-SCAN-RESULTS 
<3>WPS-AP-AVAILABLE 
<3>Trying to associate with 28:6c:07:41:ec:31 (SSID='AirFly' freq=2417 MHz)
<3>CTRL-EVENT-STATE-CHANGE id=-1 state=5 BSSID=00:00:00:00:00:00 SSID=
<3>CTRL-EVENT-STATE-CHANGE id=1 state=6 BSSID=00:00:00:00:00:00 SSID=AirFly
<3>Associated with 28:6c:07:41:ec:31
<3>CTRL-EVENT-STATE-CHANGE id=1 state=7 BSSID=28:6c:07:41:ec:31 SSID=AirFly
<3>CTRL-EVENT-STATE-CHANGE id=1 state=8 BSSID=28:6c:07:41:ec:31 SSID=AirFly
<3>WPA: Key negotiation completed with 28:6c:07:41:ec:31 [PTK=CCMP GTK=TKIP]
<3>CTRL-EVENT-CONNECTED - Connection to 28:6c:07:41:ec:31 completed (auth) [id=1 id_str=]
<3>CTRL-EVENT-STATE-CHANGE id=1 state=9 BSSID=28:6c:07:41:ec:31 SSID=AirFly
<3>CTRL-EVENT-DISCONNECTED bssid=28:6c:07:41:ec:31 reason=15
<3>CTRL-EVENT-STATE-CHANGE id=1 state=0 BSSID=28:6c:07:41:ec:31 SSID=AirFly
<3>CTRL-EVENT-STATE-CHANGE id=-1 state=3 BSSID=00:00:00:00:00:00 SSID=
<3>CTRL-EVENT-SCAN-RESULTS 
<3>WPS-AP-AVAILABLE 
<3>Trying to associate with 28:6c:07:41:ec:31 (SSID='AirFly' freq=2417 MHz)
<3>CTRL-EVENT-STATE-CHANGE id=-1 state=5 BSSID=00:00:00:00:00:00 SSID=
<3>CTRL-EVENT-STATE-CHANGE id=1 state=6 BSSID=00:00:00:00:00:00 SSID=AirFly
<3>Associated with 28:6c:07:41:ec:31
<3>CTRL-EVENT-STATE-CHANGE id=1 state=7 BSSID=28:6c:07:41:ec:31 SSID=AirFly
<3>CTRL-EVENT-STATE-CHANGE id=1 state=8 BSSID=28:6c:07:41:ec:31 SSID=AirFly
<3>WPA: Key negotiation completed with 28:6c:07:41:ec:31 [PTK=CCMP GTK=TKIP]
<3>CTRL-EVENT-CONNECTED - Connection to 28:6c:07:41:ec:31 completed (auth) [id=1 id_str=]
<3>CTRL-EVENT-STATE-CHANGE id=1 state=9 BSSID=28:6c:07:41:ec:31 SSID=AirFly

这个过程有点长，好几秒到最后显示

CTRL-EVENT-CONNECTED - Connection to 28:6c:07:41:ec:31 completed

的时候才是真正连接上了，现在再用status看一下wifi的状态

> status 
bssid=28:6c:07:41:ec:31
ssid=AirFly
id=1
mode=station
pairwise_cipher=CCMP
group_cipher=TKIP
key_mgmt=WPA2-PSK
wpa_state=COMPLETED
p2p_device_address=7c:dd:90:ec:f2:1e
address=7c:dd:90:ec:f2:1e
<3>CTRL-EVENT-STATE-CHANGE id=1 state=9 BSSID=28:6c:07:41:ec:31 SSID=AirFly
<3>CTRL-EVENT-CONNECTED - connection to 28:6c:07:41:ec:31 completed (auth) [id=1 id_str=]
> quit

现在显示已经连接上了wifi了，使用quit命令可以退出wpa_cli。

接下来用udhcpc处理ip地址的

root@p1:/ # busybox-smp ifconfig
lo        Link encap:Local Loopback  
          inet addr:127.0.0.1  Mask:255.0.0.0
          inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host
          UP LOOPBACK RUNNING  MTU:65536  Metric:1
          RX packets:295043 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
          TX packets:295043 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
          collisions:0 txqueuelen:1 
          RX bytes:16374716 (15.6 MiB)  TX bytes:16374716 (15.6 MiB)

wlan0     Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 7C:DD:90:EC:F2:1E  
          inet6 addr: fe80::7edd:90ff:feec:f21e/64 Scope:Link
          UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1
          RX packets:468 errors:0 dropped:203 overruns:0 frame:0
          TX packets:10 errors:0 dropped:1 overruns:0 carrier:0
          collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 
          RX bytes:136293 (133.0 KiB)  TX bytes:1248 (1.2 KiB)

root@p1:/ # busybox-smp udhcpc -iwlan0
udhcpc (v1.20.0) started
Sending discover...
Sending select for 192.168.11.55...
Lease of 192.168.11.55 obtained, lease time 43200

现在获取到一个可用的ip地址，使用ifconfig设置给wlan0

root@p1:/ # busybox-smp ifconfig wlan0 192.168.11.55
root@p1:/ # busybox-smp ifconfig
lo        Link encap:Local Loopback  
          inet addr:127.0.0.1  Mask:255.0.0.0
          inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host
          UP LOOPBACK RUNNING  MTU:65536  Metric:1
          RX packets:326867 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
          TX packets:326867 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
          collisions:0 txqueuelen:1 
          RX bytes:18140948 (17.2 MiB)  TX bytes:18140948 (17.2 MiB)

wlan0     Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 7C:DD:90:EC:F2:1E  
          inet addr:192.168.11.55  Bcast:192.168.11.255  Mask:255.255.255.0
          inet6 addr: fe80::7edd:90ff:feec:f21e/64 Scope:Link
          UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1
          RX packets:765 errors:0 dropped:253 overruns:0 frame:0
          TX packets:12 errors:0 dropped:1 overruns:0 carrier:0
          collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 
          RX bytes:225470 (220.1 KiB)  TX bytes:1960 (1.9 KiB)

网络现在算是简单的配好了，可以和电脑端用ping命令来看下是否连通

在pc上通过cmd窗口ping 192.158.11.55

C:\Users\LXN>ping 192.168.11.55

正在 Ping 192.168.11.55 具有 32 字节的数据:
来自 192.168.11.55 的回复: 字节=32 时间=23ms TTL=64
来自 192.168.11.55 的回复: 字节=32 时间=31ms TTL=64
来自 192.168.11.55 的回复: 字节=32 时间=27ms TTL=64
来自 192.168.11.55 的回复: 字节=32 时间=18ms TTL=64

192.168.11.55 的 Ping 统计信息:
    数据包: 已发送 = 4，已接收 = 4，丢失 = 0 (0% 丢失)，
往返行程的估计时间(以毫秒为单位):
    最短 = 18ms，最长 = 31ms，平均 = 24ms

C:\Users\LXN>ping 192.168.11.55

正在 Ping 192.168.11.55 具有 32 字节的数据:
来自 192.168.11.55 的回复: 字节=32 时间=627ms TTL=64
来自 192.168.11.55 的回复: 字节=32 时间=580ms TTL=64
来自 192.168.11.55 的回复: 字节=32 时间=275ms TTL=64
请求超时。

192.168.11.55 的 Ping 统计信息:
    数据包: 已发送 = 4，已接收 = 3，丢失 = 1 (25% 丢失)，
往返行程的估计时间(以毫秒为单位):
    最短 = 275ms，最长 = 627ms，平均 = 494ms

已经可以ping通，不过貌似不是很稳定，两次ping测试有一次丢掉了一个包。

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