linux下使用shell命令通过wpa_cli控制wpa_supplicant连接wifi

2022-12-05 15:29:45

最近在调试wifi，已经把wpa_supplicant 工具编译打包好了，为了测试wif驱动及wifi模块是否ok，需要用shell命令临时启动wifi服务连接wifi热点测试。

首先板子启动用ifconfig后先把wlan0启动起来

root@p1:/ # busybox-smp ifconfig wlan0 up

root@p1:/ # busybox-smp ifconfig

lo        Link encap:Local Loopback

          inet addr:127.0.0.1  Mask:255.0.0.0

          inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host

          UP LOOPBACK RUNNING  MTU:65536  Metric:1

          RX packets:13931 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0

          TX packets:13931 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0

          collisions:0 txqueuelen:1

          RX bytes:773000 (754.8 KiB)  TX bytes:773000 (754.8 KiB)

wlan0     Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 7C:DD:90:EC:F2:1E

          UP BROADCAST MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1

          RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:2 overruns:0 frame:0

          TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0

          collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000

          RX bytes:0 (0.0 B)  TX bytes:0 (0.0 B)

现在wlan0已经up起来了。

然后启动wpa服务，需要一个wpa_supplicant.conf,我的配置如下

update_config=1

ctrl_interface=/data/misc/wifi/wlan0

eapol_version=1

ap_scan=1

fast_reauth=1

其中的ctrl_interface就是用来和wpa_cli通信使用，其原理是wpa_supplicant是个干活的wifi服务器（比如连接wifi，断开wifi，启动热点等），wpa_cli就是个客户端，通过本地socket通信连接上wpa_supplicant服务器，发命令叫他干活。

现在把wpa_supplicant服务启动起来

root@p1:/ # wpa_supplicant -iwlan0 -c/system/etc/wifi/wpa_supplicant.conf -B

-B是在后台运行，如果想要看过程中的详细log，可以加上参数-dd，然后用logcat同时看log。

现在wpa服务已经起来了，下面用wpa_cli客户端连接到wpa

wpa_cli -iwlan0 -p/data/misc/wifi/wlan0

wpa_cli v2.1-devel-4.4.2

Copyright (c) 2004-2013, Jouni Malinen <j@w1.fi> and contributors

This software may be distributed under the terms of the BSD license.

See README for more details.

Interactive mode

>

以上log显示已经连接上wpa了

如果wpa异常，cli就无法连接会看到一下log，然后wpa_cli处于阻塞状态

Could not connect to wpa_supplicant: wlan0 - re-trying

现在我们的wpa_cli已经连上了，可以通过命令来查看当前的wifi状态

> status

wpa_state=DISCONNECTED

p2p_device_address=7c:dd:90:ec:f2:1e

address=7c:dd:90:ec:f2:1e

<3>CTRL-EVENT-STATE-CHANGE id=-1 state=0 BSSID=00:00:00:00:00:00 SSID=

现在我们还没有连接网络，首先使用scan命令扫描一下附近的wifi网络，然后使用scan_results显示扫描的结果

> scan

OK

<3>CTRL-EVENT-STATE-CHANGE id=-1 state=3 BSSID=00:00:00:00:00:00 SSID=

<3>CTRL-EVENT-SCAN-RESULTS

<3>WPS-AP-AVAILABLE

<3>CTRL-EVENT-STATE-CHANGE id=-1 state=2 BSSID=00:00:00:00:00:00 SSID=

scan scan_interval scan_results

> scan_results

bssid / frequency / signal level / flags / ssid

50:fa:84:50:31:5e       2472    -75     [WPA-PSK-CCMP][WPA2-PSK-CCMP][ESS]      \xe6\xb5\xb7\xe8\xb1\x9a

28:6c:07:41:ec:32       5745    -83     [WPA-PSK-CCMP+TKIP][WPA2-PSK-CCMP+TKIP][WPS][ESS]       AirFly_5G

5e:ea:1d:8b:2b:58       5745    -86     [WPA2-PSK-CCMP][WPS][ESS]       DIRECT-58-HP M130 LaserJet

f2:85:c1:92:1e:41       5765    -86     [WPA2-PSK-CCMP][ESS]    AIRFLY-921E52

28:6c:07:41:ec:31       2417    -85     [WPA-PSK-CCMP+TKIP][WPA2-PSK-CCMP+TKIP][WPS][ESS]       AirFly

2a:6c:07:41:ec:31       2417    -86     [WPA-PSK-CCMP+TKIP][WPA2-PSK-CCMP+TKIP][WPS][ESS]       AirFly_Guest

dc:fe:18:14:e4:65       5805    -92     [WPA-PSK-CCMP+TKIP][WPA2-PSK-CCMP+TKIP][ESS]    632-5G

f4:28:53:b9:dc:00       5745    -92     [WPA-PSK-CCMP+TKIP][WPA2-PSK-CCMP+TKIP][WPS][ESS]       Tony_5G_O

c0:21:0d:45:10:c1       5260    -76     [ESS]   X-Link 10C1

f4:28:53:a6:ed:f1       5220    -90     [ESS]   PIX-LINK_5G

2a:6c:07:40:ec:31       2417    -89     [ESS]

f4:28:53:a6:ed:f0       2437    -92     [ESS]   PIX-LINK_2.4G

这里也支持命令的tab补全功能，现在已经扫描到附近的一些wifi热点了，比如AirFly,AirFly_5G等是我们办公室的无线网，由于这个wifi模块不支持5G频道，现在只能连接2.4G的，AirFly

下面我们来添加一个刚才扫描的网络进来

> add_network

0

> add_network

1

<network id> <variable> <value> = set network variables (shows

  list of variables when run without arguments)

<network id> <variable> <value> = set network variables (shows

  list of variables when run without arguments)

<network id> <variable> <value> = set network variables (shows

  list of variables when run without arguments)

> set_network 1 ssid "AirFly"

OK

> set_network 1 psk "********"

OK

现在只是添加了网络，还没连接，真正连接命令是

enable_network n

后面的参数n就是刚才设置的那个网络 1

> enable_network 1

OK

<3>CTRL-EVENT-STATE-CHANGE id=-1 state=3 BSSID=00:00:00:00:00:00 SSID=

<3>CTRL-EVENT-SCAN-RESULTS

<3>WPS-AP-AVAILABLE

<3>Trying to associate with 28:6c:07:41:ec:31 (SSID='AirFly' freq=2417 MHz)

<3>CTRL-EVENT-STATE-CHANGE id=-1 state=5 BSSID=00:00:00:00:00:00 SSID=

<3>CTRL-EVENT-ASSOC-REJECT status_code=1

<3>CTRL-EVENT-STATE-CHANGE id=1 state=0 BSSID=00:00:00:00:00:00 SSID=AirFly

<3>CTRL-EVENT-ASSOC-REJECT status_code=1

<3>CTRL-EVENT-STATE-CHANGE id=-1 state=3 BSSID=00:00:00:00:00:00 SSID=

<3>CTRL-EVENT-SCAN-RESULTS

<3>WPS-AP-AVAILABLE

<3>Trying to associate with 28:6c:07:41:ec:31 (SSID='AirFly' freq=2417 MHz)

<3>CTRL-EVENT-STATE-CHANGE id=-1 state=5 BSSID=00:00:00:00:00:00 SSID=

<3>CTRL-EVENT-ASSOC-REJECT status_code=1

<3>CTRL-EVENT-STATE-CHANGE id=1 state=0 BSSID=00:00:00:00:00:00 SSID=AirFly

<3>CTRL-EVENT-ASSOC-REJECT status_code=1

<3>CTRL-EVENT-STATE-CHANGE id=-1 state=3 BSSID=00:00:00:00:00:00 SSID=

<3>CTRL-EVENT-SCAN-RESULTS

<3>WPS-AP-AVAILABLE

<3>Trying to associate with 28:6c:07:41:ec:31 (SSID='AirFly' freq=2417 MHz)

<3>CTRL-EVENT-STATE-CHANGE id=-1 state=5 BSSID=00:00:00:00:00:00 SSID=

<3>CTRL-EVENT-STATE-CHANGE id=1 state=6 BSSID=00:00:00:00:00:00 SSID=AirFly

<3>Associated with 28:6c:07:41:ec:31

<3>CTRL-EVENT-STATE-CHANGE id=1 state=7 BSSID=28:6c:07:41:ec:31 SSID=AirFly

<3>CTRL-EVENT-STATE-CHANGE id=1 state=8 BSSID=28:6c:07:41:ec:31 SSID=AirFly

<3>WPA: Key negotiation completed with 28:6c:07:41:ec:31 [PTK=CCMP GTK=TKIP]

<3>CTRL-EVENT-CONNECTED - Connection to 28:6c:07:41:ec:31 completed (auth) [id=1 id_str=]

<3>CTRL-EVENT-STATE-CHANGE id=1 state=9 BSSID=28:6c:07:41:ec:31 SSID=AirFly

<3>CTRL-EVENT-DISCONNECTED bssid=28:6c:07:41:ec:31 reason=15

<3>CTRL-EVENT-STATE-CHANGE id=1 state=0 BSSID=28:6c:07:41:ec:31 SSID=AirFly

<3>CTRL-EVENT-STATE-CHANGE id=-1 state=3 BSSID=00:00:00:00:00:00 SSID=

<3>CTRL-EVENT-SCAN-RESULTS

<3>WPS-AP-AVAILABLE

<3>Trying to associate with 28:6c:07:41:ec:31 (SSID='AirFly' freq=2417 MHz)

<3>CTRL-EVENT-STATE-CHANGE id=-1 state=5 BSSID=00:00:00:00:00:00 SSID=

<3>CTRL-EVENT-STATE-CHANGE id=1 state=6 BSSID=00:00:00:00:00:00 SSID=AirFly

<3>Associated with 28:6c:07:41:ec:31

<3>CTRL-EVENT-STATE-CHANGE id=1 state=7 BSSID=28:6c:07:41:ec:31 SSID=AirFly

<3>CTRL-EVENT-STATE-CHANGE id=1 state=8 BSSID=28:6c:07:41:ec:31 SSID=AirFly

<3>WPA: Key negotiation completed with 28:6c:07:41:ec:31 [PTK=CCMP GTK=TKIP]

<3>CTRL-EVENT-CONNECTED - Connection to 28:6c:07:41:ec:31 completed (auth) [id=1 id_str=]

<3>CTRL-EVENT-STATE-CHANGE id=1 state=9 BSSID=28:6c:07:41:ec:31 SSID=AirFly

这个过程有点长，好几秒到最后显示

CTRL-EVENT-CONNECTED - Connection to 28:6c:07:41:ec:31 completed

的时候才是真正连接上了，现在再用status看一下wifi的状态

> status

bssid=28:6c:07:41:ec:31

ssid=AirFly

id=1

mode=station

pairwise_cipher=CCMP

group_cipher=TKIP

key_mgmt=WPA2-PSK

wpa_state=COMPLETED

p2p_device_address=7c:dd:90:ec:f2:1e

address=7c:dd:90:ec:f2:1e

<3>CTRL-EVENT-STATE-CHANGE id=1 state=9 BSSID=28:6c:07:41:ec:31 SSID=AirFly

<3>CTRL-EVENT-CONNECTED - connection to 28:6c:07:41:ec:31 completed (auth) [id=1 id_str=]

> quit

现在显示已经连接上了wifi了，使用quit命令可以退出wpa_cli。

接下来用udhcpc处理ip地址的

root@p1:/ # busybox-smp ifconfig

lo        Link encap:Local Loopback

          inet addr:127.0.0.1  Mask:255.0.0.0

          inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host

          UP LOOPBACK RUNNING  MTU:65536  Metric:1

          RX packets:295043 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0

          TX packets:295043 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0

          collisions:0 txqueuelen:1

          RX bytes:16374716 (15.6 MiB)  TX bytes:16374716 (15.6 MiB)

wlan0     Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 7C:DD:90:EC:F2:1E

          inet6 addr: fe80::7edd:90ff:feec:f21e/64 Scope:Link

          UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1

          RX packets:468 errors:0 dropped:203 overruns:0 frame:0

          TX packets:10 errors:0 dropped:1 overruns:0 carrier:0

          collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000

          RX bytes:136293 (133.0 KiB)  TX bytes:1248 (1.2 KiB)

root@p1:/ # busybox-smp udhcpc -iwlan0

udhcpc (v1.20.0) started

Sending discover...

Sending select for 192.168.11.55...

Lease of 192.168.11.55 obtained, lease time 43200

现在获取到一个可用的ip地址，使用ifconfig设置给wlan0

root@p1:/ # busybox-smp ifconfig wlan0 192.168.11.55

root@p1:/ # busybox-smp ifconfig

lo        Link encap:Local Loopback

          inet addr:127.0.0.1  Mask:255.0.0.0

          inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host

          UP LOOPBACK RUNNING  MTU:65536  Metric:1

          RX packets:326867 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0

          TX packets:326867 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0

          collisions:0 txqueuelen:1

          RX bytes:18140948 (17.2 MiB)  TX bytes:18140948 (17.2 MiB)

wlan0     Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 7C:DD:90:EC:F2:1E

          inet addr:192.168.11.55  Bcast:192.168.11.255  Mask:255.255.255.0

          inet6 addr: fe80::7edd:90ff:feec:f21e/64 Scope:Link

          UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1

          RX packets:765 errors:0 dropped:253 overruns:0 frame:0

          TX packets:12 errors:0 dropped:1 overruns:0 carrier:0

          collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000

          RX bytes:225470 (220.1 KiB)  TX bytes:1960 (1.9 KiB)

网络现在算是简单的配好了，可以和电脑端用ping命令来看下是否连通

在pc上通过cmd窗口ping 192.158.11.55

C:\Users\LXN>ping 192.168.11.55

正在 Ping 192.168.11.55 具有 32 字节的数据:

来自 192.168.11.55 的回复: 字节=32 时间=23ms TTL=64

来自 192.168.11.55 的回复: 字节=32 时间=31ms TTL=64

来自 192.168.11.55 的回复: 字节=32 时间=27ms TTL=64

来自 192.168.11.55 的回复: 字节=32 时间=18ms TTL=64

192.168.11.55 的 Ping 统计信息:

    数据包: 已发送 = 4，已接收 = 4，丢失 = 0 (0% 丢失)，

往返行程的估计时间(以毫秒为单位):

    最短 = 18ms，最长 = 31ms，平均 = 24ms

C:\Users\LXN>ping 192.168.11.55

正在 Ping 192.168.11.55 具有 32 字节的数据:

来自 192.168.11.55 的回复: 字节=32 时间=627ms TTL=64

来自 192.168.11.55 的回复: 字节=32 时间=580ms TTL=64

来自 192.168.11.55 的回复: 字节=32 时间=275ms TTL=64

请求超时。

192.168.11.55 的 Ping 统计信息:

    数据包: 已发送 = 4，已接收 = 3，丢失 = 1 (25% 丢失)，

往返行程的估计时间(以毫秒为单位):

    最短 = 275ms，最长 = 627ms，平均 = 494ms

已经可以ping通，不过貌似不是很稳定，两次ping测试有一次丢掉了一个包。

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