import static java.nio.file.StandardOpenOption.*;

 import java.nio.file.*;                                                // Files  and Path

 import java.nio.channels.WritableByteChannel;

 import java.nio.*;                                                     // ByteBuffer and CharBuffer

 import java.util.*;                                                    // Formatter and EnumSet

 import java.io.IOException;

 public class UsingAFormatter {

   public static void main(String[] args) {

     String[] phrases = {"Rome wasn't burned in a day.",

                         "It's a bold mouse that sits in the cat's ear.",

                         "An ounce of practice is worth a pound of instruction."

                        };

     String separator = System.lineSeparator();                         // Get line separator

     Path file = Paths.get(System.getProperty("user.home")).resolve("Beginning Java Struff").resolve("Phrases.txt"); // Path object for the file

     try {

       Files.createDirectories(file.getParent());                       // Make sure we have the directory

     } catch (IOException e) {

       e.printStackTrace();

       System.exit(1);

     }

     try (WritableByteChannel channel = Files.newByteChannel(file, EnumSet.of(WRITE, CREATE, APPEND))) {

       ByteBuffer buf = ByteBuffer.allocate(1024);

       CharBuffer charBuf = buf.asCharBuffer(); // Create a view buffer

       System.out.println("Char view buffer:");

       System.out.printf("position = %2d  Limit = %4d  capacity = %4d%n", charBuf.position(),charBuf.limit(),charBuf.capacity());

       Formatter formatter = new Formatter(charBuf);

       // Write to the view buffer using a formatter

       int number = 0;                        // Proverb number

       for(String phrase : phrases) {

         formatter.format("Proverb%2d: %s%s", ++number, phrase, separator);

         System.out.println("\nView buffer after loading:");

         System.out.printf("position = %2d  Limit = %4d  capacity = %4d%n", charBuf.position(), charBuf.limit(),charBuf.capacity());

         charBuf.flip();                                                // Flip the view buffer

         System.out.println("View buffer after flip:");

         System.out.printf("position = %2d  Limit = %4d  length = %4d%n", charBuf.position(),charBuf.limit(),charBuf.length());

         buf.limit(2*charBuf.length());                                 // Set byte buffer limit

         System.out.println("Byte buffer after limit update:");

         System.out.printf("position = %2d  Limit = %4d  length = %4d%n", buf.position(),buf.limit(), buf.remaining());

         channel.write(buf);                                            // Write buffer to the channel

         System.out.println("Buffer contents written to file.");

         buf.clear();

         charBuf.clear();

       }

     } catch (IOException e) {

        e.printStackTrace();

     }

   }

 }