通过配置文件的方式实现一个简单的HelloWorld。
源码
一、新建项目
1、新建动态web项目
2、命名工程springmvc-01
3、勾选"Generate web.xml deployment descriptor"
4、导入jar包
5、新建springmvc配置文件
6、命名配置文件springmvc-servlet.xml，命名规则：<servlet-name>-servlet.xml
默认路径为：/WEB-INF/springmvc_servlet.xml
7、选择命名空间
8、完成
二、配置文件
1、配置web.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd"
id="WebApp_ID" version="3.0">
<!-- The front controller of this Spring Web application, responsible for handling all application requests -->
<servlet>
<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet> <!-- Map all requests to the DispatcherServlet for handling -->
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
</web-app>
2、配置springmvc-servlet.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.2.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.2.xsd"> <!-- 配置HandlerMapping，根据BeanName找到对应的Controller -->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.support.ControllerBeanNameHandlerMapping"></bean> <!-- 配置Controller，响应mvc请求 -->
<bean name="/mvc" class="com.zhy.controllers.HelloWorldController"></bean> <!-- 配置视图解析器 -->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<!-- 配置前缀 -->
<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/views/"></property>
<!-- 配置后缀 -->
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>
</bean>
</beans>
三、编写Controller
package com.zhy.controllers; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse; import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.Controller; public class HelloWorldController implements Controller { /*
* 通过视图解析器（ViewResolver）得到实际的物理视图
* 视图解析器的解析规则：prefix + viewname + suffix
* 结合本实例，视图解析器的解析出来的物理视图为：/WEB-INF/views/helloworld.jsp
* */
@Override
public ModelAndView handleRequest(HttpServletRequest arg0, HttpServletResponse arg1) throws Exception {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
System.out.println("call controller");
return new ModelAndView("helloworld");
}
}
四、新建jsp页面
1、新建helloworld.jsp，路径：WEB-INF/views/helloworld.jsp
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"
pageEncoding="ISO-8859-1"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Hello World!</h1>
</body>
</html>
2、新建index.jsp，路径：WEB-INF/index.jsp
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"
pageEncoding="ISO-8859-1"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
<a href="mvc">hello world</a>
</body>
</html>