使用注解开发,Lombok,多对一处理

使用注解开发
删除 UserMapper.xml

UserMapper

package com.hou.dao;

import com.hou.pojo.User;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Select;

import java.util.List;

public interface UserMapper {

    @Select("select * from user")
    List<User> getUsers();
}
核心配置 mybatis-config.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">

<configuration>

    <!--引入外部配置文件-->
    <properties resource="db.properties"/>

    <!--可以给实体类起别名-->
    <typeAliases>
        <typeAlias type="com.hou.pojo.User" alias="User"></typeAlias>
    </typeAliases>

    <environments default="development">
        <environment id="development">
            <transactionManager type="JDBC"/>
            <dataSource type="POOLED">
                <property name="driver" value="${driver}"/>
                <property name="url" value="${url}"/>
                <property name="username" value="${username}"/>
                <property name="password" value="${password}"/>
            </dataSource>
        </environment>
    </environments>

    <!--绑定接口-->
    <mappers>
        <mapper class="com.hou.dao.UserMapper"></mapper>
    </mappers>
</configuration>

本质:反射机制

底层:动态代理!

Mybatis详细执行流程:
Resource获取全局配置文件

实例化SqlsessionFactoryBuilder

解析配置文件流XMLCondigBuilder

Configration所有的配置信息

SqlSessionFactory实例化

trasactional事务管理

创建executor执行器

创建SqlSession

实现CRUD

查看是否执行成功

提交事务

关闭

注解CRUD

package com.hou.dao;

import com.hou.pojo.User;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.*;

import java.util.List;

public interface UserMapper {

    @Select("select * from user")
    List<User> getUsers();

    //方法存在多个参数,所有的参数必须加@Param
    @Select("select * from user where id = #{id}")
    User getUserById(@Param("id") int id);

    @Insert("insert into user (id, name, pwd) values" +
            "(#{id},#{name},#{password})")
    int addUser(User user);

    @Update("update user set name=#{name}, pwd=#{password} " +
            "where id=#{id}")
    int updateUser(User user);

    @Delete("delete from user where id=#{id}")
    int deleteUser(@Param("id") int id);

}

MybatisUtile

package com.hou.utils;

import org.apache.ibatis.io.Resources;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactoryBuilder;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;

//sqlSessionFactory --> sqlSession
public class MybatisUtils {

    private static SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory;

    static {
        try {
            //使用mybatis第一步:获取sqlSessionFactory对象
            String resource = "mybatis-config.xml";
            InputStream inputStream = Resources.getResourceAsStream(resource);
            sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(inputStream);
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    public static SqlSession getSqlSession(){
        return sqlSessionFactory.openSession(true);
    }

}
Test
package com.hou.dao;

import com.hou.pojo.User;
import com.hou.utils.MybatisUtils;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
import org.junit.Test;

import java.util.List;

public class UserDaoTest {

    @Test
    public void test(){
        // 获得sqlsession对象
        SqlSession sqlSession = MybatisUtils.getSqlSession();
        try{
            // 1.执行 getmapper
            UserMapper userDao = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapper.class);
            List<User> userList = userDao.getUsers();
            for (User user : userList) {
                System.out.println(user);
            }

        }catch(Exception e){
            e.printStackTrace();
        }finally{
            //关闭
            sqlSession.close();
        }
    }

    @Test
    public void getuserById(){
        // 获得sqlsession对象
        SqlSession sqlSession = MybatisUtils.getSqlSession();
        try{
            // 1.执行 getmapper
            UserMapper userDao = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapper.class);
            User user = userDao.getUserById(1);

            System.out.println(user);


        }catch(Exception e){
            e.printStackTrace();
        }finally{
            //关闭
            sqlSession.close();
        }
    }

    @Test
    public void addUser(){
        // 获得sqlsession对象
        SqlSession sqlSession = MybatisUtils.getSqlSession();
        try{
            // 1.执行 getmapper
            UserMapper userDao = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapper.class);
            userDao.addUser(new User(6, "kun","123"));

        }catch(Exception e){
            e.printStackTrace();
        }finally{
            //关闭
            sqlSession.close();
        }
    }

    @Test
    public void updateUser(){
        // 获得sqlsession对象
        SqlSession sqlSession = MybatisUtils.getSqlSession();
        try{
            // 1.执行 getmapper
            UserMapper userDao = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapper.class);
            userDao.updateUser(new User(6, "fang","123"));

        }catch(Exception e){
            e.printStackTrace();
        }finally{
            //关闭
            sqlSession.close();
        }
    }

    @Test
    public void deleteUser(){
        // 获得sqlsession对象
        SqlSession sqlSession = MybatisUtils.getSqlSession();
        try{
            // 1.执行 getmapper
            UserMapper userDao = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapper.class);
            userDao.deleteUser(6);

        }catch(Exception e){
            e.printStackTrace();
        }finally{
            //关闭
            sqlSession.close();
        }
    }
}

8. Lombok
在IDEA中安装lombok插件

配置

<dependencies>
    <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.projectlombok/lombok -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
        <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
        <version>1.18.12</version>
    </dependency>
</dependencies>
@Getter and @Setter
@FieldNameConstants
@ToString
@EqualsAndHashCode
@AllArgsConstructor, @RequiredArgsConstructor and @NoArgsConstructor
@Log, @Log4j, @Log4j2, @Slf4j, @XSlf4j, @CommonsLog, @JBossLog, @Flogger, @CustomLog
@Data
@Builder
@SuperBuilder
@Singular
@Delegate
@Value
@Accessors
@Wither
@With
@SneakyThrows
@Data: 无参构造,get,set,toString,hashCode

在实体类上加注解

package com.hou.pojo;

import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;

@Data
@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
public class User {

    private int id;
    private String name;
    private String password;

}

9. 多对一处理
多个学生关联一个老师(多对一)

集合(一对多)

1. 建表

CREATE TABLE `teacher` (
	`id` INT(10) NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY,
	`name` VARCHAR(30) DEFAULT NULL
)ENGINE=INNODB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8

INSERT INTO teacher (`id`, `name`) VALUES (1, 'hou');

CREATE TABLE `student` (
	`id` INT(10) NOT NULL,
	`name` VARCHAR(30) DEFAULT NULL,
	`tid` INT(10) DEFAULT NULL,
	PRIMARY KEY (`id`),
	KEY `fktid` (`tid`),
	CONSTRAINT `fktid` FOREIGN KEY (`tid`) REFERENCES `teacher` (`id`)
)ENGINE=INNODB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8

INSERT INTO student (`id`, `name`, `tid`) VALUES (1, 'xiao1', 1);
INSERT INTO student (`id`, `name`, `tid`) VALUES (2, 'xiao2', 1);
INSERT INTO student (`id`, `name`, `tid`) VALUES (3, 'xiao3', 1);
INSERT INTO student (`id`, `name`, `tid`) VALUES (4, 'xiao4', 1);
INSERT INTO student (`id`, `name`, `tid`) VALUES (5, 'xiao5', 1);

新建实体类

package com.hou.pojo;

import lombok.Data;

@Data
public class Student {
    private int id;
    private String name;

    //学生需要关联一个老师
    private Teacher teacher;
}
package com.hou.pojo;

import lombok.Data;

@Data
public class Teacher {
    private int id;
    private String name;
}

建立Mapper接口

建立Mapper.xml

测试是否能够成功

2. 按照查询嵌套处理
StudentMapper.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">

<mapper namespace="com.hou.dao.StudentMapper">

    <select id="getStudent" resultMap="StudentTeacher">
      select * from student;
    </select>

    <resultMap id="StudentTeacher" type="com.hou.pojo.Student">
        <result property="id" column="id"></result>
        <result property="name" column="name"></result>
        <!--对象使用assiociation-->
        <!--集合用collection-->
        <association property="teacher" column="tid"
                     javaType="com.hou.pojo.Teacher"
                     select="getTeacher"></association>
    </resultMap>

    <select id="getTeacher" resultType="com.hou.pojo.Teacher">
      select * from teacher where id = #{id};
    </select>

</mapper>

3. 按照结果嵌套处理

select s.id sid,s.name sname,t.name tname
from student s,teacher t where s.tid=t.id;
<select id="getStudent2" resultMap="StudentTeacher2">
    select s.id sid,s.name sname,t.name tname
    from student s,teacher t where s.tid=t.id;
</select>

<resultMap id="StudentTeacher2" type="com.hou.pojo.Student">
    <result property="id" column="sid"></result>
    <result property="name" column="sname"></result>
    <association property="teacher" javaType="com.hou.pojo.Teacher">
        <result property="name" column="tname"></result>
    </association>

</resultMap>

property 映射到列结果的字段或属性。

column 数据库中的列名,或者是列的别名。

10. 一对多
一个老师拥有多个学生

对于老师而言就是一对多

1.环境搭建
实体类

package com.hou.pojo;

import lombok.Data;
import java.util.List;

@Data
public class Teacher {
    private int id;
    private String name;
    private List<Student> studentList;
}
package com.hou.pojo;

import lombok.Data;

@Data
public class Student {
    private int id;
    private String name;
    private int tid;
}
  1. 按照结果查询
<select id="getTeacher" resultMap="TeacherStudent">
    select s.id sid, s.name sname, t.name tname, t.id tid
    from student s, teacher t
    where s.tid = t.id and t.id = #{id};
</select>

<resultMap id="TeacherStudent" type="com.hou.pojo.Teacher">
    <result property="id" column="tid"></result>
    <result property="name" column="tname"></result>
    <!--集合中的泛型信息,我们用oftype获取-->
    <collection property="studentList" ofType="com.hou.pojo.Student">
        <result property="id" column="sid"></result>
        <result property="name" column="sname"></result>
    </collection>
</resultMap>

3. 按照查询嵌套处理

<select id="getTeacher2" resultMap="TeacherStudent2">
    select * from mybatis.teacher where id = #{id}
</select>

<resultMap id="TeacherStudent2" type="com.hou.pojo.Teacher">
    <collection property="studentList" column="id" javaType="ArrayList"
                ofType="com.hou.pojo.Student"
                select="getStudentByTeacherId"></collection>
</resultMap>

<select id="getStudentByTeacherId" resultType="com.hou.pojo.Student">
    select * from mybatis.student where tid = #{id}
</select>

小结
关联 - association 多对一
集合 - collection 一对多
javaType & ofType
JavaType用来指定实体中属性类型
ofType映射到list中的类型,泛型中的约束类型
注意点:

保证sql可读性,尽量保证通俗易懂
注意字段问题
如果问题不好排查错误,使用日志
11. 动态sql
动态sql:根据不同的条件生成不同的SQL语句

  1. 搭建环境
create table `blog`(
	`id` varchar(50) not null comment '博客id',
    `title` varchar(100) not null comment '博客标题',
    `author` varchar(30) not null comment '博客作者',
    `create_time` datetime not null comment '创建时间',
    `views` int(30) not null comment '浏览量'
	)ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8

实体类

package com.hou.pojo;

import lombok.Data;

import java.util.Date;

@Data
public class Blog {
    private String id;
    private String title;
    private String author;
    private Date createTime;
    private int views;
}

核心配置

<settings>
    <setting name="mapUnderscoreToCamelCase" value="true"/>
</settings>
Mapper.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">

<mapper namespace="com.hou.mapper.BlogMapper">
    <insert id="addBlog" parameterType="Blog">
        insert into mybatis.blog (id, title, author, create_time, views) values
        (#{id}, #{title}, #{author}, #{create_time}, #{views});
    </insert>
</mapper>

新建随机生成ID包

package com.hou.utils;

import org.junit.Test;

import java.util.UUID;

@SuppressWarnings("all")
public class IDUtiles {

    public static String getId(){
        return UUID.randomUUID().toString().replaceAll("-","");
    }

    @Test
    public void  test(){
        System.out.println(getId());
    }

}

测试类:添加数据

import com.hou.mapper.BlogMapper;
import com.hou.pojo.Blog;
import com.hou.utils.IDUtiles;
import com.hou.utils.MybatisUtils;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
import org.junit.Test;

import java.util.Date;

public class MyTest {

    @Test
    public void addBlog(){
        SqlSession sqlSession = MybatisUtils.getSqlSession();
        BlogMapper blogMapper = sqlSession.getMapper(BlogMapper.class);

        Blog blog = new Blog();
        blog.setId(IDUtiles.getId());
        blog.setAuthor("houdongun");
        blog.setCreateTime(new Date());
        blog.setViews(999);
        blog.setTitle("first");

        blogMapper.addBlog(blog);

        blog.setId(IDUtiles.getId());
        blog.setTitle("second");
        blogMapper.addBlog(blog);

        blog.setId(IDUtiles.getId());
        blog.setTitle("third");
        blogMapper.addBlog(blog);

        blog.setId(IDUtiles.getId());
        blog.setTitle("forth");
        blogMapper.addBlog(blog);

        sqlSession.close();
    }
}
  1. if
<select id="queryBlogIF" parameterType="map" resultType="Blog">
    select * from mybatis.blog where 1=1
    <if test="title != null">
        and title = #{title}
    </if>
    <if test="author != author">
        and author = #{author}
    </if>
</select>

test

@Test

public void queryBlogIF(){
    SqlSession sqlSession = MybatisUtils.getSqlSession();
    BlogMapper blogMapper = sqlSession.getMapper(BlogMapper.class);
    Map map = new HashMap();

    //        map.put("title", "second");
    map.put("author", "houdongun");

    List<Blog> list = blogMapper.queryBlogIF(map);

    for (Blog blog : list) {
        System.out.println(blog);
    }

    sqlSession.close();
}

3. choose、when、otherwise

<select id="queryBlogchoose" parameterType="map" resultType="Blog">
    select * from mybatis.blog
    <where>
        <choose>
            <when test="title != null">
                title = #{title}
            </when>
            <when test="author != null">
                and author = #{author}
            </when>
            <otherwise>
                and views = #{views}
            </otherwise>
        </choose>
    </where>
</select>

4. trim、where、set

<update id="updateBlog" parameterType="map">
    update mybatis.blog
    <set>
        <if test="title != null">
            title = #{title},
        </if>
        <if test="author != null">
            author = #{author}
        </if>
    </set>
    where id = #{id}
</update>

trim 可以自定义

SQL片段
有些时候我们有一些公共部分

使用sql便签抽取公共部分

在使用的地方使用include标签

<sql id="if-title-author">
    <if test="title != null">
        title = #{title}
    </if>
    <if test="author != null">
        and author = #{author}
    </if>
</sql>

<select id="queryBlogIF" parameterType="map" resultType="Blog">
    select * from mybatis.blog
    <where>
        <include refid="if-title-author"></include>
    </where>
</select>

注意:

最好基于单表
sql里不要存在where标签
5. for-each

<!--ids是传的,#{id}是遍历的-->
<select id="queryBlogForeach" parameterType="map" resultType="Blog">
    select * from mybatis.blog
    <where>
        <foreach collection="ids" item="id" open="and ("
                 close=")" separator="or">
            id=#{id}
        </foreach>
    </where>
</select>

test

@Test
public void queryBlogForeach(){
    SqlSession sqlSession = MybatisUtils.getSqlSession();
    BlogMapper blogMapper = sqlSession.getMapper(BlogMapper.class);
    Map map = new HashMap();

    ArrayList<Integer> ids = new ArrayList<Integer>();
    ids.add(1);
    ids.add(3);
    map.put("ids",ids);

    List<Blog> list = blogMapper.queryBlogForeach(map);

    for (Blog blog : list) {
        System.out.println(blog);
    }

    sqlSession.close();
}
  1. 缓存(了解)
  2. 一级缓存
    开启日志
    测试一个session中查询两次相同记录。
    缓存失效:

映射语句文件中的所有 insert、update 和 delete 语句会刷新缓存。
查询不同的mapper.xml
手动清除缓存
一级缓存默认开启,只在一次sqlseesion中有效

  1. 二级缓存
    开启全局缓存
<setting name="cacheEnabled" value="true"/>
在当前mapper.xml中使用二级缓存
<cache eviction="FIFO"
       flushInterval="60000"
       size="512"
       readOnly="true"/>

test

@Test
public void test(){
    SqlSession sqlSession = MybatisUtils.getSqlSession();
    SqlSession sqlSession1 = MybatisUtils.getSqlSession();
    UserMapper userMapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapper.class);
    User user = userMapper.queryUserByid(1);
    System.out.println(user);
    sqlSession.close();

    UserMapper userMapper1 = sqlSession1.getMapper(UserMapper.class);
    User user1 = userMapper1.queryUserByid(1);
    System.out.println(user1);
    System.out.println(user==user1);
    sqlSession1.close();
}
只用cache时加序列化
**实体类**
package com.hou.pojo;

import lombok.Data;
import java.io.Serializable;

@Data
public class User implements Serializable {
    private int id;
    private String name;
    private String pwd;

    public User(int id, String name, String pwd) {
        this.id = id;
        this.name = name;
        this.pwd = pwd;
    }
}

小结:

只有开启了二级缓存,在Mapper下有效
所有数据都会先放在一级缓存
只有当回话提交,或者关闭的时候,才会提交到二级缓存
3. 自定义缓存-ehcache

<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.mybatis.caches/mybatis-ehcache -->
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.mybatis.caches</groupId>
    <artifactId>mybatis-ehcache</artifactId>
    <version>1.2.0</version>
</dependency>
ehcache.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<ehcache xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:noNamespaceSchemaLocation="http://ehcache.org/ehcache.xsd"
         updateCheck="false">
    <!--
       diskStore:为缓存路径,ehcache分为内存和磁盘两级,此属性定义磁盘的缓存位置。参数解释如下:
       user.home – 用户主目录
       user.dir  – 用户当前工作目录
       java.io.tmpdir – 默认临时文件路径
     -->
    <diskStore path="java.io.tmpdir/Tmp_EhCache"/>
    <!--
       defaultCache:默认缓存策略,当ehcache找不到定义的缓存时,则使用这个缓存策略。只能定义一个。
     -->
    <!--
      name:缓存名称。
      maxElementsInMemory:缓存最大数目
      maxElementsOnDisk:硬盘最大缓存个数。
      eternal:对象是否永久有效,一但设置了,timeout将不起作用。
      overflowToDisk:是否保存到磁盘,当系统当机时
      timeToIdleSeconds:设置对象在失效前的允许闲置时间(单位:秒)。仅当eternal=false对象不是永久有效时使用,可选属性,默认值是0,也就是可闲置时间无穷大。
      timeToLiveSeconds:设置对象在失效前允许存活时间(单位:秒)。最大时间介于创建时间和失效时间之间。仅当eternal=false对象不是永久有效时使用,默认是0.,也就是对象存活时间无穷大。
      diskPersistent:是否缓存虚拟机重启期数据 Whether the disk store persists between restarts of the Virtual Machine. The default value is false.
      diskSpoolBufferSizeMB:这个参数设置DiskStore(磁盘缓存)的缓存区大小。默认是30MB。每个Cache都应该有自己的一个缓冲区。
      diskExpiryThreadIntervalSeconds:磁盘失效线程运行时间间隔,默认是120秒。
      memoryStoreEvictionPolicy:当达到maxElementsInMemory限制时,Ehcache将会根据指定的策略去清理内存。默认策略是LRU(最近最少使用)。你可以设置为FIFO(先进先出)或是LFU(较少使用)。
      clearOnFlush:内存数量最大时是否清除。
      memoryStoreEvictionPolicy:可选策略有:LRU(最近最少使用,默认策略)、FIFO(先进先出)、LFU(最少访问次数)。
      FIFO,first in first out,这个是大家最熟的,先进先出。
      LFU, Less Frequently Used,就是上面例子中使用的策略,直白一点就是讲一直以来最少被使用的。如上面所讲,缓存的元素有一个hit属性,hit值最小的将会被清出缓存。
      LRU,Least Recently Used,最近最少使用的,缓存的元素有一个时间戳,当缓存容量满了,而又需要腾出地方来缓存新的元素的时候,那么现有缓存元素中时间戳离当前时间最远的元素将被清出缓存。
   -->
    <defaultCache
            eternal="false"
            maxElementsInMemory="10000"
            overflowToDisk="false"
            diskPersistent="false"
            timeToIdleSeconds="1800"
            timeToLiveSeconds="259200"
            memoryStoreEvictionPolicy="LRU"/>

    <cache
            name="cloud_user"
            eternal="false"
            maxElementsInMemory="5000"
            overflowToDisk="false"
            diskPersistent="false"
            timeToIdleSeconds="1800"
            timeToLiveSeconds="1800"
            memoryStoreEvictionPolicy="LRU"/>

</ehcache>
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