RHEL6 64位系统安装ORACLE 10g 64bit 数据库
2013-08-10 22:12 by 潇湘隐者, 9673 阅读, 2 评论, 收藏, 编辑记得去年4月份的时候，为公司部署测试环境和UAT环境时，在红帽RHEL6 64位系统安装ORACLE 10g 64位数据库时遇到了许多小问题，当时匆匆忙忙也没记录一下这些问题，前几天在虚拟机安装ORACLE 64位 10g时，又有一些常见问题又遇到了，顺便整理一下这篇文章。也许在RHEL6 64版本上安装64位Oracle 10g 的问题是最多的,估计很多人都被这个虐过无数次(很多人都是Oracle虐我无数遍，我待Oracle如初恋)。从网上搜索关于这方面的内容就可见一斑。好，废话少说，正式进入正题。
步骤1：准备系统以及在虚拟机上设置共享目录DataBase，准备数据库安装介质。有些细节东西我可能会一笔带过，不清楚的可以看看我这篇文章Rhel-Server 5.5 安装ORACLE10
安装介质文件10201_database_linux_x86_64.cpio.gz，必须先用gunzip解压，然后用cpio解压cpio格式的文件。
- [root@bogon DataBase]# cd /mnt/hgfs/DataBase/
- [root@bogon DataBase]# ls
- 10201_database_linux_x86_64.cpio.gz
- [root@bogon DataBase]# gunzip 10201_database_linux_x86_64.cpio.gz
- [root@bogon DataBase]# ls
- 10201_database_linux_x86_64.cpio
- [root@bogon DataBase]# cpio -idmv < 10201_database_linux_x86_64.cpio
- [root@bogon DataBase]# cd database/
- [root@bogon database]# ls
- doc install response runInstaller stagewelcome.html
步骤2：查看安装文档，在解压目录下打开welcome.html文件，点击“Installing Oracle Database”下的“Documentation”链接即可进入。安装前最好将安装文档初略看一遍，当然你也可以在安装过程中参考。
[root@bogon database]# firefox welcome.html
步骤3：检查硬件要求（Checking the Hardware Requirements）
官方文档对系统硬件的要求
#At least 512 MB of physical RAM
#The following table describes the relationship between installed RAM and the configured swap space requirement.
RAM Swap Space
Up to 512 MB 2 times the size of RAM
Between 1024 MB and 2048 MB 1.5 times the size of RAM
Between 2049 MB and 8192 MB Equal to the size of RAM
More than 8192 MB 0.75 times the size of RAM
#400 MB of disk space in the /tmp directory
#Between 1.5 GB and 3.5 GB of disk space for the Oracle software, depending on the installation type
#1.2 GB of disk space for a preconfigured database that uses file system storage (optional
内存检测：内存最低要求512M，如今不能满足这个条件的计算机的都是老古董了，虚拟机我分配的是2G内存，如下所示
- [root@bogon Desktop]# grep MemTotal /proc/meminfo
- MemTotal:2051700 kB
- [root@bogon Desktop]# free -g
- total used free shared buffers cached
- Mem:1 0 1 0 0 0
- -/+ buffers/cache:0 1
- Swap:3 0 3
交换空间（Swap Space）检测：
- [root@bogon Desktop]# grepSwapTotal /proc/meminfo
- SwapTotal:4128760 kB
磁盘空间检测/tmp目录检测：
- [root@bogon Desktop]# df -m /tmp
- Filesystem 1M-blocksUsed Available Use% Mounted on
- /dev/sda213878 2186 10987 17% /
- [root@bogon Desktop]# df -h
- Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
- /dev/sda2 14G 2.2G 11G 17% /
- tmpfs 1002M 100K 1002M 1% /dev/shm
- /dev/sda1 291M 30M 246M 11% /boot
- .host:/ 30G 16G 15G 52% /mnt/hgfs
- [root@bogon Desktop]#
CPU检测：
[root@bogon Desktop]# grep "model name" /proc/cpuinfo
model name : Intel(R) Core(TM)2 Duo CPU T6670 @ 2.20GHz
[root@bogon Desktop]#
步骤4：检查软件要求(Checking the Software Requirements)
下面是官方文档的系统要求
The operating system must be one of the following:
Red Hat Enterprise Linux 3.0 (Update 4 or later)
Red Hat Enterprise Linux 4.0 (Update 1 or later)
SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 9.0
The system must be running the following (or later) kernel version:
Red Hat Enterprise Linux 3.0
2.4.21-27.EL
Red Hat Enterprise Linux 4.0
2.6.9-11.EL
SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 9.0
2.6.5-7.201
The following packages (or later versions) must be installed:
Red Hat Enterprise Linux 3.0:
make-3.79.1-17
compat-db 4.0.14-5.1
control-center-2.2.0.1-13
gcc-3.2.3-47
gcc-c++-3.2.3-47
gdb-6.1post-1.20040607.52
glibc-2.3.2-95.30
glibc-common-2.3.2-95.30
glibc-devel-2.3.2-95.30
glibc-devel-2.3.2-95.20 (32 bit)
compat-db-4.0.14-5
compat-gcc-7.3-2.96.128
compat-gcc-c++-7.3-2.96.128
compat-libstdc++-7.3-2.96.128
compat-libstdc++-devel-7.3-2.96.128
gnome-libs-1.4.1.2.90-34.2 (32 bit)
libstdc++-3.2.3-47
libstdc++-devel-3.2.3-47
openmotif-2.2.3-3.RHEL3
sysstat-5.0.5-5.rhel3
setarch-1.3-1
libaio-0.3.96-3
libaio-devel-0.3.96-3
Red Hat Enterprise Linux 4.0:
binutils-2.15.92.0.2-10.EL4
compat-db-4.1.25-9
control-center-2.8.0-12
gcc-3.4.3-9.EL4
gcc-c++-3.4.3-9.EL4
glibc-2.3.4-2
glibc-common-2.3.4-2
gnome-libs-1.4.1.2.90-44.1
libstdc++-3.4.3-9.EL4
libstdc++-devel-3.4.3-9.EL4
make-3.80-5
pdksh-5.2.14-30
sysstat-5.0.5-1
xscreensaver-4.18-5.rhel4.2
SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 9
binutils-2.15.90.0.1.1-32.5
gcc-3.3.3-43.24
gcc-c++-3.3.3-43.24
glibc-2.3.3-98.28
gnome-libs-1.4.1.7-671.1
libstdc++-3.3.3-43.24
libstdc++-devel-3.3.3-43.24
make-3.80-184.1
pdksh-5.2.14-780.1
sysstat-5.0.1-35.1
xscreensaver-4.16-2.6
从文档中可以看出ORACLE 10g只支持到Red Hat Enterprise Linux 4.0，并没有明确表示支持Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6.0. 这是因为Oracle官方并没有在Rhel 4以后的版本测试过Oracle 10g，另外一方面应该是Oracle出于自己的商业利益战略考虑。安装过程中你必须修改配置文件 /etc/redhat-release 将“Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server release 6.0 (Santiago)” 改为“Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server release 4.0 (Santiago)”，否则安装过程会报错，无法继续。
查看内核版本，比文档要求的版本要高。
[root@bogon Desktop]# cat /proc/version
Linux version 2.6.32-71.el6.x86_64 (mockbuild@x86-007.build.bos.redhat.com) (gcc version 4.4.4 20100726 (Red Hat 4.4.4-13) (GCC) ) #1 SMP Wed Sep 1 01:33:01 EDT 2010
[root@bogon Desktop]# uname -r
2.6.32-71.el6.x86_64
检查必须安装以下软件包（或更高版本）：注意千万不要用下面语句检查，否则全部都是没有，因为Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6.0下的包的版本可能比这个高，所以你最好忽略那些版本号，然后去检查。这部相当重要。安装过程很多报错信息就是因为这一步没有到位导致的。当然有些错误是因为缺少一些包，安装文档也没有提及（后面有讲解）
rpm -q binutils-2.15.92.0.2-10.EL4
rpm -q compat-db-4.1.25-9
rpm -q control-center-2.8.0-12
rpm -q gcc-3.4.3-9.EL4
rpm -q gcc-c++-3.4.3-9.EL4
rpm -q glibc-2.3.4-2
rpm -q glibc-common-2.3.4-2
rpm -q gnome-libs-1.4.1.2.90-44.1
rpm -q libstdc++-3.4.3-9.EL4
rpm -q libstdc++-devel-3.4.3-9.EL4
rpm -q make-3.80-5
rpm -q pdksh-5.2.14-30
rpm -q sysstat-5.0.5-1
rpm -q xscreensaver-4.18-5.rhel4.2
[root@bogon Desktop]# rpm -q binutils
binutils-2.20.51.0.2-5.11.el6.x86_64
[root@bogon Desktop]# rpm -q compat-db
package compat-db is not installed
[root@bogon Desktop]# rpm -q control-center
control-center-2.28.1-25.el6.x86_64
[root@bogon Desktop]# rpm -q glibc-*
glibc-2.12-1.7.el6.x86_64
[root@bogon Desktop]# rpm -q gcc
gcc-4.4.4-13.el6.x86_64
[root@bogon Desktop]# rpm -q gcc-c++
package gcc-c++ is not installed
[root@bogon Desktop]# rpm -q glibc
glibc-2.12-1.7.el6.x86_64
[root@bogon Desktop]# rpm -q gnome-libs
package gnome-libs is not installed
[root@bogon Desktop]# rpm -q libstdc++-
libstdc++-4.4.4-13.el6.x86_64
[root@bogon Desktop]# rpm -q make
make-3.81-19.el6.x86_64
[root@bogon Desktop]# rpm -q sysstat
sysstat-9.0.4-11.el6.x86_64
[root@bogon Desktop]# rpm -q xscreensaver
package xscreensaver is not installed
安装缺少的包，首先配置yum，如果缺少文件 rhel-debuginfo.repo ,新建文件 rhel-debuginfo.repo，其中Relhat6目录是Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6.0的安装介质目录，下面红色部分是需要根据你系统具体配置的部分
[root@bogon yum.repos.d]# vi rhel-debuginfo.repo
[rhel-debuginfo]
name=Red Hat Enterprise Linux LOCAL SOURCE
baseurl=file:///mnt/hgfs/DataBase/Relhat6/Server
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-redhat-release
接下来就是安装缺少的一些包的过程，甚是枯燥和无聊。
[root@bogon yum.repos.d]# yum list compat-db Loaded plugins: refresh-packagekit, rhnplugin This system is not registered with RHN. RHN support will be disabled. Available Packages compat-db.i686 4.6.21-15.el6 rhel-debuginfo compat-db.x86_64 4.6.21-15.el6 rhel-debuginfo [root@bogon yum.repos.d]# [root@bogon yum.repos.d]# yum install compat-db.x86_64 Loaded plugins: refresh-packagekit, rhnplugin This system is not registered with RHN. RHN support will be disabled. file:///mnt/hgfs/DataBase/Relhat6/repodata/repomd.xml: [Errno 14] Could not open/read file:///mnt/hgfs/DataBase/Relhat6/repodata/repomd.xml Trying other mirror. Setting up Install Process Resolving Dependencies --> Running transaction check ---> Package compat-db.x86_64 0:4.6.21-15.el6 set to be updated --> Processing Dependency: compat-db43(x86-64) = 4.3.29-15.el6 for package: compat-db-4.6.21-15.el6.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: compat-db42(x86-64) = 4.2.52-15.el6 for package: compat-db-4.6.21-15.el6.x86_64 --> Running transaction check ---> Package compat-db42.x86_64 0:4.2.52-15.el6 set to be updated ---> Package compat-db43.x86_64 0:4.3.29-15.el6 set to be updated --> Finished Dependency Resolution Dependencies Resolved ============================================================================================================================================================= Package Arch Version Repository Size ============================================================================================================================================================= Installing: compat-db x86_64 4.6.21-15.el6 rhel-debuginfo 12 k Installing for dependencies: compat-db42 x86_64 4.2.52-15.el6 rhel-debuginfo 805 k compat-db43 x86_64 4.3.29-15.el6 rhel-debuginfo 874 k Transaction Summary ============================================================================================================================================================= Install 3 Package(s) Upgrade 0 Package(s) Total download size: 1.7 M Installed size: 4.6 M Is this ok [y/N]: y Downloading Packages: ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Total 5.8 MB/s | 1.7 MB 00:00 warning: rpmts_HdrFromFdno: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID fd431d51: NOKEY rhel-debuginfo/gpgkey | 6.3 kB 00:00 ... Importing GPG key 0xFD431D51 "Red Hat, Inc. (release key 2) <security@redhat.com>" from /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-redhat-release Is this ok [y/N]: y Importing GPG key 0x2FA658E0 "Red Hat, Inc. (auxiliary key) <security@redhat.com>" from /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-redhat-release Is this ok [y/N]: y Running rpm_check_debug Running Transaction Test Transaction Test Succeeded Running Transaction Warning: RPMDB altered outside of yum. Installing : compat-db43-4.3.29-15.el6.x86_64 1/3 Installing : compat-db42-4.2.52-15.el6.x86_64 2/3 Installing : compat-db-4.6.21-15.el6.x86_64 3/3 Installed: compat-db.x86_64 0:4.6.21-15.el6 Dependency Installed: compat-db42.x86_64 0:4.2.52-15.el6 compat-db43.x86_64 0:4.3.29-15.el6 Complete! [root@bogon yum.repos.d]# [root@bogon Packages]# rpm -ivh glibc-2.12-1.7.el6.i686.rpm error: Failed dependencies: libfreebl3.so is needed by glibc-2.12-1.7.el6.i686 libfreebl3.so(NSSRAWHASH_3.12.3) is needed by glibc-2.12-1.7.el6.i686 [root@bogon Packages]# yum install glibc-2.12-1.7.el6.i686.rpm Loaded plugins: refresh-packagekit, rhnplugin This system is not registered with RHN. RHN support will be disabled. file:///mnt/hgfs/DataBase/Relhat6/repodata/repomd.xml: [Errno 14] Could not open/read file:///mnt/hgfs/DataBase/Relhat6/repodata/repomd.xml Trying other mirror. Setting up Install Process Examining glibc-2.12-1.7.el6.i686.rpm: glibc-2.12-1.7.el6.i686 Marking glibc-2.12-1.7.el6.i686.rpm to be installed Resolving Dependencies --> Running transaction check ---> Package glibc.i686 0:2.12-1.7.el6 set to be updated --> Processing Dependency: libfreebl3.so for package: glibc-2.12-1.7.el6.i686 --> Processing Dependency: libfreebl3.so(NSSRAWHASH_3.12.3) for package: glibc-2.12-1.7.el6.i686 --> Running transaction check ---> Package nss-softokn-freebl.i686 0:3.12.7-1.1.el6 set to be updated --> Finished Dependency Resolution Dependencies Resolved ================================================================================ Package Arch Version Repository Size ================================================================================ Installing: glibc i686 2.12-1.7.el6 /glibc-2.12-1.7.el6.i686 13 M Installing for dependencies: nss-softokn-freebl i686 3.12.7-1.1.el6 rhel-debuginfo 109 k Transaction Summary ================================================================================ Install 2 Package(s) Upgrade 0 Package(s) Total size: 13 M Total download size: 109 k Installed size: 13 M Is this ok [y/N]: y Downloading Packages: Running rpm_check_debug Running Transaction Test Transaction Test Succeeded Running Transaction Installing : glibc-2.12-1.7.el6.i686 1/2 Installing : nss-softokn-freebl-3.12.7-1.1.el6.i686 2/2 Installed: glibc.i686 0:2.12-1.7.el6 Dependency Installed: nss-softokn-freebl.i686 0:3.12.7-1.1.el6 Complete! [root@bogon Packages]# [root@bogon yum.repos.d]# yum list gcc-c++ Loaded plugins: refresh-packagekit, rhnplugin This system is not registered with RHN. RHN support will be disabled. file:///mnt/hgfs/DataBase/Relhat6/repodata/repomd.xml: [Errno 14] Could not open/read file:///mnt/hgfs/DataBase/Relhat6/repodata/repomd.xml Trying other mirror. Available Packages gcc-c++.x86_64 [root@bogon yum.repos.d]# yum install gcc-c++.x86_64 Loaded plugins: refresh-packagekit, rhnplugin This system is not registered with RHN. RHN support will be disabled. file:///mnt/hgfs/DataBase/Relhat6/repodata/repomd.xml: [Errno 14] Could not open/read file:///mnt/hgfs/DataBase/Relhat6/repodata/repomd.xml Trying other mirror. Setting up Install Process Resolving Dependencies --> Running transaction check ---> Package gcc-c++.x86_64 0:4.4.4-13.el6 set to be updated --> Processing Dependency: libstdc++-devel = 4.4.4-13.el6 for package: gcc-c++-4.4.4-13.el6.x86_64 --> Running transaction check ---> Package libstdc++-devel.x86_64 0:4.4.4-13.el6 set to be updated --> Finished Dependency Resolution Dependencies Resolved ============================================================================================================================================================= Package Arch Version Repository Size ============================================================================================================================================================= Installing: gcc-c++ x86_64 4.4.4-13.el6 rhel-debuginfo 4.7 M Installing for dependencies: libstdc++-devel x86_64 4.4.4-13.el6 rhel-debuginfo 1.5 M Transaction Summary ============================================================================================================================================================= Install 2 Package(s) Upgrade 0 Package(s) Total download size: 6.3 M Installed size: 20 M Is this ok [y/N]: y Downloading Packages: ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Total 8.9 MB/s | 6.3 MB 00:00 Running rpm_check_debug Running Transaction Test Transaction Test Succeeded Running Transaction Installing : libstdc++-devel-4.4.4-13.el6.x86_64 1/2 Installing : gcc-c++-4.4.4-13.el6.x86_64 2/2 Installed: gcc-c++.x86_64 0:4.4.4-13.el6 Dependency Installed: libstdc++-devel.x86_64 0:4.4.4-13.el6 Complete! [root@bogon yum.repos.d]# yum list glibc-common Loaded plugins: refresh-packagekit, rhnplugin This system is not registered with RHN. RHN support will be disabled. file:///mnt/hgfs/DataBase/Relhat6/repodata/repomd.xml: [Errno 14] Could not open/read file:///mnt/hgfs/DataBase/Relhat6/repodata/repomd.xml Trying other mirror. Installed Packages glibc-common.x86_64 2.12-1.7.el6 @anaconda-RedHatEnterpriseLinux-201009221801.x86_64/6.0 [root@bogon yum.repos.d]# yum install glibc-common.x86_64 Loaded plugins: refresh-packagekit, rhnplugin This system is not registered with RHN. RHN support will be disabled. file:///mnt/hgfs/DataBase/Relhat6/repodata/repomd.xml: [Errno 14] Could not open/read file:///mnt/hgfs/DataBase/Relhat6/repodata/repomd.xml Trying other mirror. Setting up Install Process Package glibc-common-2.12-1.7.el6.x86_64 already installed and latest version Nothing to do [root@bogon yum.repos.d]# yum list libstdc++-devel Loaded plugins: refresh-packagekit, rhnplugin This system is not registered with RHN. RHN support will be disabled. file:///mnt/hgfs/DataBase/Relhat6/repodata/repomd.xml: [Errno 14] Could not open/read file:///mnt/hgfs/DataBase/Relhat6/repodata/repomd.xml Trying other mirror. Installed Packages libstdc++-devel.x86_64 4.4.4-13.el6 @rhel-debuginfo Available Packages libstdc++-devel.i686 4.4.4-13.el6 rhel-debuginfo [root@bogon yum.repos.d]# yum install libstdc++-devel.x86_64 Loaded plugins: refresh-packagekit, rhnplugin This system is not registered with RHN. RHN support will be disabled. file:///mnt/hgfs/DataBase/Relhat6/repodata/repomd.xml: [Errno 14] Could not open/read file:///mnt/hgfs/DataBase/Relhat6/repodata/repomd.xml Trying other mirror. Setting up Install Process Package libstdc++-devel-4.4.4-13.el6.x86_64 already installed and latest version Nothing to do
有三个包没有，也找不到对应的安装文件，如下所示：
[root@bogon yum.repos.d]# rpm -q xscreensaver
package xscreensaver is not installed
[root@bogon yum.repos.d]# yum list xscreensaver
Loaded plugins: refresh-packagekit, rhnplugin
This system is not registered with RHN.
RHN support will be disabled.
file:///mnt/hgfs/DataBase/Relhat6/repodata/repomd.xml: [Errno 14] Could not open/read file:///mnt/hgfs/DataBase/Relhat6/repodata/repomd.xml
Trying other mirror.
Error: No matching Packages to list
[oracle@bogon database]$ yum list gnome-libs
Loaded plugins: refresh-packagekit, rhnplugin
*Note* Red Hat Network repositories are not listed below. You must run this command as root to access RHN repositories.
file:///mnt/hgfs/DataBase/Relhat6/repodata/repomd.xml: [Errno 14] Could not open/read file:///mnt/hgfs/DataBase/Relhat6/repodata/repomd.xml
Trying other mirror.
Error: No matching Packages to list
[root@bogon Packages]# yum list gnome-libs
Loaded plugins: refresh-packagekit, rhnplugin
This system is not registered with RHN.
RHN support will be disabled.
file:///mnt/hgfs/DataBase/Relhat6/repodata/repomd.xml: [Errno 14] Could not open/read file:///mnt/hgfs/DataBase/Relhat6/repodata/repomd.xml
Trying other mirror.
Error: No matching Packages to list
[root@bogon Packages]# rpm -q gnome-libs-
package gnome-libs- is not installed
步骤5： 创建需要的系统用户和用户组（Creating Required Operating System Groups and User）
5.1 首先检查是否存在用户组dba、oinstall
[root@bogon ~]# grep dba /etc/group
[root@bogon ~]# grep dba /etc/oinstall
5.2 创建用户组dba、oinstall
[root@bogon ~]# /usr/sbin/groupadd oinstall
[root@bogon ~]# /usr/sbin/groupadd dba
5.3 检查是否存在oracle用户
[root@bogon ~]# id oracle
id: oracle: No such user
5.4 创建oracle用户
[root@bogon ~]# /usr/sbin/useradd -g oinstall -G dba oracle
[root@bogon ~]# id oracle
uid=502(oracle) gid=502(oinstall) groups=502(oinstall),503(dba)
5.5 设置oracle用户的密码
[root@bogon ~]# password oracle
bash: password: command not found
[root@bogon ~]# passwd oracle
Changing password for user oracle.
New password:
Retype new password:
passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully.
[root@bogon ~]#
步骤6： 配置Linux系统内核参数 Configuring Kernel Parameters
在 /etc/sysctl.conf文件中添加内核参数信息
[root@bogon ~]# vi /etc/sysctl.conf
kernel.shmall = 2097152
kernel.shmmax = 2147483648
kernel.shmmni = 4096
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
fs.file-max = 65536
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 1024 65000
net.core.rmem_default = 262144
net.core.rmem_max = 262144
net.core.wmem_default = 262144
net.core.wmem_max = 262144
[root@bogon ~]# vi /etc/security/limits.conf
添加
oracle soft nproc 2047
oracle hard nproc 16384
oracle soft nofile 1024
oracle hard nofile 65536
[root@bogon ~]# vi /etc/pam.d/login
[root@bogon ~]#
if [ $USER = "oracle" ]; then
if [ $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]; then
ulimit -p 16384
ulimit -n 65536
else
ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536
fi
fi
步骤7：创建安装路径 Creating Required Directories
[root@bogon ~]# mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle
[root@bogon ~]# chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/app/oracle
[root@bogon ~]# chmod -R 775 /u01/app/oracle
步骤8：配置oracle用户的环境变量 Configuring the oracle User's Environment
[oracle@bogon ~]$ vi .bash_profile
[oracle@bogon ~]$ tail -20 .bash_profile
# .bash_profile
# Get the aliases and functions
if [ -f ~/.bashrc ]; then
. ~/.bashrc
fi
# User specific environment and startup programs
PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin
export PATH
export ORACLE_SID=gsp
export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle
export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/dbhome_1
export ORACLE_OWNER=oracle
export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH
umask 022
[oracle@bogon ~]$
[oracle@bogon ~]$ source .bash_profile
[oracle@bogon ~]$
[oracle@bogon ~]$ DISPLAY=local_host:0.0 ; export DISPLAY
步骤9： 检查是否安装了JDK，没有的话需要安装JDK，配置环境变量。
步骤10： 开始安装
错误现象1：
[oracle@bogon database]$ ./runInstaller
./runInstaller: /mnt/hgfs/DataBase/database/install/.oui: /lib/ld-linux.so.2: bad ELF interpreter: No such file or directory
出错原因：如果出现这个错误是因为缺少包 glibc.i686
[root@bogon database]$yum install glibc.i686
错误现象2：
[oracle@bogon database]$ ./runInstaller
Starting Oracle Universal Installer...
Checking installer requirements...
Checking operating system version: must be redhat-3, SuSE-9, redhat-4, UnitedLinux-1.0, asianux-1 or asianux-2
Failed <<<<
Exiting Oracle Universal Installer, log for this session can be found at /tmp/OraInstall2013-08-05_07-24-40AM/installActions2013-08-05_07-24-40AM.log
[oracle@bogon database]$
错误原因：这个是因为上面所说的支持到Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server release 4.0，所以你修改一下配置文件 /etc/redhat-release ,将原来的配置注释掉，添加一行Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server release 4.0 (Santiago)，待安装完成后再修改过来。
[root@bogon Packages]# more /etc/redhat-release
Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server release 4.0 (Santiago)
#Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server release 6.0 (Santiago)
错误现象3：
[oracle@bogon database]$ ./runInstaller
Starting Oracle Universal Installer...
Checking installer requirements...
Checking operating system version: must be redhat-3, SuSE-9, redhat-4, UnitedLinux-1.0, asianux-1 or asianux-2
Passed
All installer requirements met.
Preparing to launch Oracle Universal Installer from /tmp/OraInstall2013-08-05_07-34-52AM. Please wait ...[oracle@bogon database]$ Exception in thread "main" java.lang.UnsatisfiedLinkError: /tmp/OraInstall2013-08-05_07-34-52AM/jre/1.4.2/lib/i386/libawt.so: libXp.so.6: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory
at java.lang.ClassLoader$NativeLibrary.load(Native Method)
at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadLibrary0(Unknown Source)
at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadLibrary(Unknown Source)
at java.lang.Runtime.loadLibrary0(Unknown Source)
at java.lang.System.loadLibrary(Unknown Source)
at sun.security.action.LoadLibraryAction.run(Unknown Source)
at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method)
at sun.awt.NativeLibLoader.loadLibraries(Unknown Source)
at sun.awt.DebugHelper.(Unknown Source)
at java.awt.Component.(Unknown Source)
错误原因:如果出现上面错误，一般是缺少系统安装包libXp
[root@bogon Packages]# ls libXp*
libXp-1.0.0-15.1.el6.i686.rpm libXpm-3.5.8-2.el6.i686.rpm
libXp-1.0.0-15.1.el6.x86_64.rpm libXpm-3.5.8-2.el6.x86_64.rpm
libXp-devel-1.0.0-15.1.el6.i686.rpm libXpm-devel-3.5.8-2.el6.i686.rpm
libXp-devel-1.0.0-15.1.el6.x86_64.rpm libXpm-devel-3.5.8-2.el6.x86_64.rpm
[root@bogon Packages]# yum list libXp
Loaded plugins: refresh-packagekit, rhnplugin
This system is not registered with RHN.
RHN support will be disabled.
file:///mnt/hgfs/DataBase/Relhat6/repodata/repomd.xml: [Errno 14] Could not open/read file:///mnt/hgfs/DataBase/Relhat6/repodata/repomd.xml
Trying other mirror.
Available Packages
libXp.i686 1.0.0-15.1.el6 rhel-debuginfo
libXp.x86_64 1.0.0-15.1.el6 rhel-debuginfo
[root@bogon Packages]# rpm -ivh libXp-1.0.0-15.1.el6.x86_64.rpm
Preparing... ########################################### [100%]
1:libXp ########################################### [100%]
[root@bogon Packages]#
[root@bogon Packages]# rpm -ivh libXp-1.0.0-15.1.el6.i686.rpm
error: Failed dependencies:
libX11.so.6 is needed by libXp-1.0.0-15.1.el6.i686
libXau.so.6 is needed by libXp-1.0.0-15.1.el6.i686
libXext.so.6 is needed by libXp-1.0.0-15.1.el6.i686
[root@bogon Packages]# yum install libXp-1.0.0-15.1.el6.i686.rpm
Loaded plugins: refresh-packagekit, rhnplugin
This system is not registered with RHN.
RHN support will be disabled.
file:///mnt/hgfs/DataBase/Relhat6/repodata/repomd.xml: [Errno 14] Could not open/read file:///mnt/hgfs/DataBase/Relhat6/repodata/repomd.xml
Trying other mirror.
Setting up Install Process
Examining libXp-1.0.0-15.1.el6.i686.rpm: libXp-1.0.0-15.1.el6.i686
Marking libXp-1.0.0-15.1.el6.i686.rpm to be installed
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package libXp.i686 0:1.0.0-15.1.el6 set to be updated
--> Processing Dependency: libX11.so.6 for package: libXp-1.0.0-15.1.el6.i686
--> Processing Dependency: libXau.so.6 for package: libXp-1.0.0-15.1.el6.i686
--> Processing Dependency: libXext.so.6 for package: libXp-1.0.0-15.1.el6.i686
--> Running transaction check
---> Package libX11.i686 0:1.3-2.el6 set to be updated
--> Processing Dependency: libxcb.so.1 for package: libX11-1.3-2.el6.i686
---> Package libXau.i686 0:1.0.5-1.el6 set to be updated
---> Package libXext.i686 0:1.1-3.el6 set to be updated
--> Running transaction check
---> Package libxcb.i686 0:1.5-1.el6 set to be updated
--> Finished Dependency Resolution
Dependencies Resolved
================================================================================
Package Arch Version Repository Size
================================================================================
Installing:
libXp i686 1.0.0-15.1.el6 /libXp-1.0.0-15.1.el6.i686 33 k
Installing for dependencies:
libX11 i686 1.3-2.el6 rhel-debuginfo 585 k
libXau i686 1.0.5-1.el6 rhel-debuginfo 22 k
libXext i686 1.1-3.el6 rhel-debuginfo 33 k
libxcb i686 1.5-1.el6 rhel-debuginfo 103 k
Transaction Summary
================================================================================
Install 5 Package(s)
Upgrade 0 Package(s)
Total size: 777 k
Total download size: 743 k
Installed size: 1.8 M
Is this ok [y/N]: y
Downloading Packages:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total 3.5 MB/s | 743 kB 00:00
Running rpm_check_debug
Running Transaction Test
Transaction Test Succeeded
Running Transaction
Warning: RPMDB altered outside of yum.
Installing : libXau-1.0.5-1.el6.i686 1/5
Installing : libxcb-1.5-1.el6.i686 2/5
Installing : libX11-1.3-2.el6.i686 3/5
Installing : libXext-1.1-3.el6.i686 4/5
Installing : libXp-1.0.0-15.1.el6.i686 5/5
Installed:
libXp.i686 0:1.0.0-15.1.el6
Dependency Installed:
libX11.i686 0:1.3-2.el6 libXau.i686 0:1.0.5-1.el6 libXext.i686 0:1.1-3.el6
libxcb.i686 0:1.5-1.el6
Complete!
[root@bogon Packages]#
错误现象4：
[oracle@bogon database]$ ./runInstaller
Starting Oracle Universal Installer...
Checking installer requirements...
Checking operating system version: must be redhat-3, SuSE-9, redhat-4, UnitedLinux-1.0, asianux-1 or asianux-2
Passed
All installer requirements met.
Preparing to launch Oracle Universal Installer from /tmp/OraInstall2013-08-05_08-30-45AM. Please wait ...[oracle@bogon database]$ Exception in thread "main" java.lang.UnsatisfiedLinkError: /tmp/OraInstall2013-08-05_08-30-45AM/jre/1.4.2/lib/i386/libawt.so: libXt.so.6: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory
at java.lang.ClassLoader$NativeLibrary.load(Native Method)
at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadLibrary0(Unknown Source)
at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadLibrary(Unknown Source)
at java.lang.Runtime.loadLibrary0(Unknown Source)
at java.lang.System.loadLibrary(Unknown Source)
at sun.security.action.LoadLibraryAction.run(Unknown Source)
at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method)
at sun.awt.NativeLibLoader.loadLibraries(Unknown Source)
at sun.awt.DebugHelper.(Unknown Source)
at java.awt.Component.(Unknown Source)
错误原因：导致出现上面错误有几个，你可能是其中的一个
1：缺少了一些包libXp-devel.i686
[root@bogon Packages]# yum install libXp-devel.i686
Loaded plugins: refresh-packagekit, rhnplugin
This system is not registered with RHN.
RHN support will be disabled.
file:///mnt/hgfs/DataBase/Relhat6/repodata/repomd.xml: [Errno 14] Could not open/read file:///mnt/hgfs/DataBase/Relhat6/repodata/repomd.xml
Trying other mirror.
Setting up Install Process
Package libXp-devel-1.0.0-15.1.el6.i686 already installed and latest version
Nothing to do
[root@bogon Packages]# yum install libXp-devel.x86_64
Loaded plugins: refresh-packagekit, rhnplugin
This system is not registered with RHN.
RHN support will be disabled.
file:///mnt/hgfs/DataBase/Relhat6/repodata/repomd.xml: [Errno 14] Could not open/read file:///mnt/hgfs/DataBase/Relhat6/repodata/repomd.xml
Trying other mirror.
Setting up Install Process
Package libXp-devel-1.0.0-15.1.el6.x86_64 already installed and latest version
Nothing to do
[root@bogon Packages]# yum install libXau.i686
Loaded plugins: refresh-packagekit, rhnplugin
This system is not registered with RHN.
RHN support will be disabled.
file:///mnt/hgfs/DataBase/Relhat6/repodata/repomd.xml: [Errno 14] Could not open/read file:///mnt/hgfs/DataBase/Relhat6/repodata/repomd.xml
Trying other mirror.
Setting up Install Process
Package libXau-1.0.5-1.el6.i686 already installed and latest version
Nothing to do
[root@bogon Packages]# yum install libXau.x86_64
Loaded plugins: refresh-packagekit, rhnplugin
This system is not registered with RHN.
RHN support will be disabled.
file:///mnt/hgfs/DataBase/Relhat6/repodata/repomd.xml: [Errno 14] Could not open/read file:///mnt/hgfs/DataBase/Relhat6/repodata/repomd.xml
Trying other mirror.
Setting up Install Process
Package libXau-1.0.5-1.el6.x86_64 already installed and latest version
Nothing to do
2：缺少 libXp-1.0.0-15.1.el6.i686.rpm，你查看的时候呢，提示已经安装了，但是一直报上面错误，这时候，你需要强制安装一次，即可解决上面问题。这个问题我折腾了好久。
[root@bogon Packages]# rpm -ivh libXp-1.0.0-15.1.el6.i686.rpm
Preparing... ########################################### [100%]
package libXp-1.0.0-15.1.el6.i686 is already installed
[root@bogon Packages]# rpm -ivh --force libXp-1.0.0-15.1.el6.i686.rpm
Preparing... ########################################### [100%]
1:libXp ########################################### [100%]
[root@bogon Packages]#
3：缺少包libXt
[root@bogon Packages]# yum install libXt.x86_64
Loaded plugins: refresh-packagekit, rhnplugin
This system is not registered with RHN.
RHN support will be disabled.
file:///mnt/hgfs/DataBase/Relhat6/repodata/repomd.xml: [Errno 14] Could not open/read file:///mnt/hgfs/DataBase/Relhat6/repodata/repomd.xml
Trying other mirror.
Setting up Install Process
Package libXt-1.0.7-1.el6.x86_64 already installed and latest version
Nothing to do
[root@bogon Packages]# yum install libXt.i686
Loaded plugins: refresh-packagekit, rhnplugin
This system is not registered with RHN.
RHN support will be disabled.
file:///mnt/hgfs/DataBase/Relhat6/repodata/repomd.xml: [Errno 14] Could not open/read file:///mnt/hgfs/DataBase/Relhat6/repodata/repomd.xml
Trying other mirror.
Setting up Install Process
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package libXt.i686 0:1.0.7-1.el6 set to be updated
--> Processing Dependency: libICE.so.6 for package: libXt-1.0.7-1.el6.i686
--> Processing Dependency: libSM.so.6 for package: libXt-1.0.7-1.el6.i686
--> Running transaction check
---> Package libICE.i686 0:1.0.6-1.el6 set to be updated
---> Package libSM.i686 0:1.1.0-7.1.el6 set to be updated
--> Processing Dependency: libuuid.so.1 for package: libSM-1.1.0-7.1.el6.i686
--> Processing Dependency: libuuid.so.1(UUID_1.0) for package: libSM-1.1.0-7.1.el6.i686
--> Running transaction check
---> Package libuuid.i686 0:2.17.2-6.el6 set to be updated
--> Finished Dependency Resolution
Dependencies Resolved
============================================================================================================
Package Arch Version Repository Size
============================================================================================================
Installing:
libXt i686 1.0.7-1.el6 rhel-debuginfo 168 k
Installing for dependencies:
libICE i686 1.0.6-1.el6 rhel-debuginfo 52 k
libSM i686 1.1.0-7.1.el6 rhel-debuginfo 26 k
libuuid i686 2.17.2-6.el6 rhel-debuginfo 62 k
Transaction Summary
============================================================================================================
Install 4 Package(s)
Upgrade 0 Package(s)
Total download size: 309 k
Installed size: 560 k
Is this ok [y/N]: y
Downloading Packages:
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total 985 kB/s | 309 kB 00:00
Running rpm_check_debug
Running Transaction Test
Transaction Test Succeeded
Running Transaction
Installing : libICE-1.0.6-1.el6.i686 1/4
Installing : libuuid-2.17.2-6.el6.i686 2/4
Installing : libSM-1.1.0-7.1.el6.i686 3/4
Installing : libXt-1.0.7-1.el6.i686 4/4
Installed:
libXt.i686 0:1.0.7-1.el6
Dependency Installed:
libICE.i686 0:1.0.6-1.el6 libSM.i686 0:1.1.0-7.1.el6 libuuid.i686 0:2.17.2-6.el6
Complete!
[root@bogon Packages]#
错误现象5：
[oracle@bogon database]$ ./runInstaller
Starting Oracle Universal Installer...
Checking installer requirements...
Checking operating system version: must be redhat-3, SuSE-9, redhat-4, UnitedLinux-1.0, asianux-1 or asianux-2
Passed
All installer requirements met.
Preparing to launch Oracle Universal Installer from /tmp/OraInstall2013-08-08_08-15-30AM. Please wait ...[oracle@bogon database]$ Exception in thread "main" java.lang.UnsatisfiedLinkError: /tmp/OraInstall2013-08-08_08-15-30AM/jre/1.4.2/lib/i386/libawt.so: libXtst.so.6: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory
at java.lang.ClassLoader$NativeLibrary.load(Native Method)
at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadLibrary0(Unknown Source)
at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadLibrary(Unknown Source)
at java.lang.Runtime.loadLibrary0(Unknown Source)
at java.lang.System.loadLibrary(Unknown Source)
at sun.security.action.LoadLibraryAction.run(Unknown Source)
at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method)
at sun.awt.NativeLibLoader.loadLibraries(Unknown Source)
at sun.awt.DebugHelper.(Unknown Source)
at java.awt.Component.(Unknown Source)
错误原因：这个一般是没有安装包libXtst
[root@bogon Packages]# yum list libXtst
Loaded plugins: refresh-packagekit, rhnplugin
This system is not registered with RHN.
RHN support will be disabled.
file:///mnt/hgfs/DataBase/Relhat6/repodata/repomd.xml: [Errno 14] Could not open/read file:///mnt/hgfs/DataBase/Relhat6/repodata/repomd.xml
Trying other mirror.
Installed Packages
libXtst.x86_64 1.0.99.2-3.el6 @anaconda-RedHatEnterpriseLinux-201009221801.x86_64/6.0
Available Packages
libXtst.i686 1.0.99.2-3.el6 rhel-debuginfo
[root@bogon Packages]#
[root@bogon Packages]# yum install libXtst.x86_64
Loaded plugins: refresh-packagekit, rhnplugin
This system is not registered with RHN.
RHN support will be disabled.
file:///mnt/hgfs/DataBase/Relhat6/repodata/repomd.xml: [Errno 14] Could not open/read file:///mnt/hgfs/DataBase/Relhat6/repodata/repomd.xml
Trying other mirror.
Setting up Install Process
Package libXtst-1.0.99.2-3.el6.x86_64 already installed and latest version
Nothing to do
[root@bogon Packages]# yum install libXtst.i686
Loaded plugins: refresh-packagekit, rhnplugin
This system is not registered with RHN.
RHN support will be disabled.
file:///mnt/hgfs/DataBase/Relhat6/repodata/repomd.xml: [Errno 14] Could not open/read file:///mnt/hgfs/DataBase/Relhat6/repodata/repomd.xml
Trying other mirror.
Setting up Install Process
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package libXtst.i686 0:1.0.99.2-3.el6 set to be updated
--> Processing Dependency: libXi.so.6 for package: libXtst-1.0.99.2-3.el6.i686
--> Running transaction check
---> Package libXi.i686 0:1.3-3.el6 set to be updated
--> Finished Dependency Resolution
Dependencies Resolved
============================================================================================================
Package Arch Version Repository Size
============================================================================================================
Installing:
libXtst i686 1.0.99.2-3.el6 rhel-debuginfo 22 k
Installing for dependencies:
libXi i686 1.3-3.el6 rhel-debuginfo 32 k
Transaction Summary
============================================================================================================
Install 2 Package(s)
Upgrade 0 Package(s)
Total download size: 54 k
Installed size: 92 k
Is this ok [y/N]: y
Downloading Packages:
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total 519 kB/s | 54 kB 00:00
Running rpm_check_debug
Running Transaction Test
Transaction Test Succeeded
Running Transaction
Installing : libXi-1.3-3.el6.i686 1/2
Installing : libXtst-1.0.99.2-3.el6.i686 2/2
Installed:
libXtst.i686 0:1.0.99.2-3.el6
Dependency Installed:
libXi.i686 0:1.3-3.el6
Complete!
[root@bogon Packages]#
错误现象6：
[oracle@bogon database]$ ./runInstaller
Starting Oracle Universal Installer...
Checking installer requirements...
Checking operating system version: must be redhat-3, SuSE-9, redhat-4, UnitedLinux-1.0, asianux-1 or asianux-2
Passed
All installer requirements met.
Preparing to launch Oracle Universal Installer from /tmp/OraInstall2013-08-08_08-18-00AM. Please wait ...[oracle@bogon database]$ No protocol specified
Exception in thread "main" java.lang.InternalError: Can't connect to X11 window server using ':0.0' as the value of the DISPLAY variable.
at sun.awt.X11GraphicsEnvironment.initDisplay(Native Method)
at sun.awt.X11GraphicsEnvironment.(Unknown Source)
at java.lang.Class.forName0(Native Method)
at java.lang.Class.forName(Unknown Source)
at java.awt.GraphicsEnvironment.getLocalGraphicsEnvironment(Unknown Source)
at java.awt.Window.init(Unknown Source)
at java.awt.Window.(Unknown Source)
at java.awt.Frame.(Unknown Source)
at oracle.ewt.popup.PopupFrame.(Unknown Source)
at oracle.ewt.lwAWT.BufferedFrame.(Unknown Source)
at oracle.sysman.oio.oioc.OiocOneClickInstaller.(OiocOneClickInstaller.java:378)
at oracle.sysman.oio.oioc.OiocOneClickInstaller.main(OiocOneClickInstaller.java:2091)
出现这个错误可以参考一下http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_73582d750100ppto.html，我刚开始用方法1，折腾来折腾去始终不行，用方法2立马OK
下面进入图形化安置界面
在安装到65%的时候报如下错误
在安装到65%的时候，报如上错误，查看日志信息
这个错误时因为缺少包glibc-devel-2.12-1.7.el6.i686.rpm
[root@bogon Packages]# yum install glibc-devel-2.12-1.7.el6.i686.rpm
Loaded plugins: refresh-packagekit, rhnplugin
This system is not registered with RHN.
RHN support will be disabled.
file:///mnt/hgfs/DataBase/Relhat6/repodata/repomd.xml: [Errno 14] Could not open/read file:///mnt/hgfs/DataBase/Relhat6/repodata/repomd.xml
Trying other mirror.
Setting up Install Process
Examining glibc-devel-2.12-1.7.el6.i686.rpm: glibc-devel-2.12-1.7.el6.i686
Marking glibc-devel-2.12-1.7.el6.i686.rpm to be installed
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package glibc-devel.i686 0:2.12-1.7.el6 set to be updated
--> Finished Dependency Resolution
Dependencies Resolved
================================================================================
Package Arch Version Repository Size
================================================================================
Installing:
glibc-devel i686 2.12-1.7.el6 /glibc-devel-2.12-1.7.el6.i686 953 k
Transaction Summary
================================================================================
Install 1 Package(s)
Upgrade 0 Package(s)
Total size: 953 k
Installed size: 953 k
Is this ok [y/N]: y
Downloading Packages:
Running rpm_check_debug
Running Transaction Test
Transaction Test Succeeded
Running Transaction
Installing : glibc-devel-2.12-1.7.el6.i686 1/1
Installed:
glibc-devel.i686 0:2.12-1.7.el6
Complete!
[root@bogon Packages]# yum install glibc-devel-2.12-1.7.el6.x86_64.rpm
Loaded plugins: refresh-packagekit, rhnplugin
This system is not registered with RHN.
RHN support will be disabled.
Existing lock /var/run/yum.pid: another copy is running as pid 4411.
Another app is currently holding the yum lock; waiting for it to exit...
The other application is: PackageKit
Memory : 34 M RSS (349 MB VSZ)
Started: Thu Aug 8 09:10:43 2013 - 00:05 ago
State : Sleeping, pid: 4411
file:///mnt/hgfs/DataBase/Relhat6/repodata/repomd.xml: [Errno 14] Could not open/read file:///mnt/hgfs/DataBase/Relhat6/repodata/repomd.xml
Trying other mirror.
Setting up Install Process
Examining glibc-devel-2.12-1.7.el6.x86_64.rpm: glibc-devel-2.12-1.7.el6.x86_64
Marking glibc-devel-2.12-1.7.el6.x86_64.rpm to be installed
Package glibc-devel-2.12-1.7.el6.x86_64 already installed and latest version
glibc-devel-2.12-1.7.el6.x86_64.rpm: does not update installed package.
Error: Nothing to do
[root@bogon Packages]#
[root@bogon Packages]# yum install -y compat-gcc* compat-glibc* compat-libstd*
Loaded plugins: refresh-packagekit, rhnplugin
This system is not registered with RHN.
RHN support will be disabled.
file:///mnt/hgfs/DataBase/Relhat6/repodata/repomd.xml: [Errno 14] Could not open/read file:///mnt/hgfs/DataBase/Relhat6/repodata/repomd.xml
Trying other mirror.
Setting up Install Process
Examining compat-gcc-34-3.4.6-19.el6.x86_64.rpm: compat-gcc-34-3.4.6-19.el6.x86_64
Marking compat-gcc-34-3.4.6-19.el6.x86_64.rpm to be installed
Examining compat-gcc-34-c++-3.4.6-19.el6.x86_64.rpm: compat-gcc-34-c++-3.4.6-19.el6.x86_64
Marking compat-gcc-34-c++-3.4.6-19.el6.x86_64.rpm to be installed
Examining compat-gcc-34-g77-3.4.6-19.el6.x86_64.rpm: compat-gcc-34-g77-3.4.6-19.el6.x86_64
Marking compat-gcc-34-g77-3.4.6-19.el6.x86_64.rpm to be installed
Examining compat-glibc-2.5-46.2.x86_64.rpm: 1:compat-glibc-2.5-46.2.x86_64
Marking compat-glibc-2.5-46.2.x86_64.rpm to be installed
Examining compat-glibc-headers-2.5-46.2.x86_64.rpm: 1:compat-glibc-headers-2.5-46.2.x86_64
Marking compat-glibc-headers-2.5-46.2.x86_64.rpm to be installed
Examining compat-libstdc++-296-2.96-144.el6.i686.rpm: compat-libstdc++-296-2.96-144.el6.i686
Marking compat-libstdc++-296-2.96-144.el6.i686.rpm to be installed
Examining compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-69.el6.i686.rpm: compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-69.el6.i686
Marking compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-69.el6.i686.rpm to be installed
Examining compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-69.el6.x86_64.rpm: compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-69.el6.x86_64
Marking compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-69.el6.x86_64.rpm to be installed
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package compat-gcc-34.x86_64 0:3.4.6-19.el6 set to be updated
---> Package compat-gcc-34-c++.x86_64 0:3.4.6-19.el6 set to be updated
---> Package compat-gcc-34-g77.x86_64 0:3.4.6-19.el6 set to be updated
--> Processing Dependency: compat-libf2c-34 = 3.4.6-19.el6 for package: compat-gcc-34-g77-3.4.6-19.el6.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libg2c.so.0()(64bit) for package: compat-gcc-34-g77-3.4.6-19.el6.x86_64
---> Package compat-glibc.x86_64 1:2.5-46.2 set to be updated
---> Package compat-glibc-headers.x86_64 1:2.5-46.2 set to be updated
---> Package compat-libstdc++-296.i686 0:2.96-144.el6 set to be updated
--> Processing Dependency: libgcc_s.so.1 for package: compat-libstdc++-296-2.96-144.el6.i686
--> Processing Dependency: libgcc_s.so.1(GLIBC_2.0) for package: compat-libstdc++-296-2.96-144.el6.i686
---> Package compat-libstdc++-33.i686 0:3.2.3-69.el6 set to be updated
---> Package compat-libstdc++-33.x86_64 0:3.2.3-69.el6 set to be updated
--> Running transaction check
---> Package compat-libf2c-34.x86_64 0:3.4.6-19.el6 set to be updated
---> Package libgcc.i686 0:4.4.4-13.el6 set to be updated
--> Finished Dependency Resolution
Dependencies Resolved
======================================================================================================
Package Arch Version Repository Size
======================================================================================================
Installing:
compat-gcc-34 x86_64 3.4.6-19.el6 /compat-gcc-34-3.4.6-19.el6.x86_64 13 M
compat-gcc-34-c++ x86_64 3.4.6-19.el6 /compat-gcc-34-c++-3.4.6-19.el6.x86_64 84 M
compat-gcc-34-g77 x86_64 3.4.6-19.el6 /compat-gcc-34-g77-3.4.6-19.el6.x86_64 5.9 M
compat-glibc x86_64 1:2.5-46.2 /compat-glibc-2.5-46.2.x86_64 6.4 M
compat-glibc-headers x86_64 1:2.5-46.2 /compat-glibc-headers-2.5-46.2.x86_64 1.9 M
compat-libstdc++-296 i686 2.96-144.el6 /compat-libstdc++-296-2.96-144.el6.i686 256 k
compat-libstdc++-33 i686 3.2.3-69.el6 /compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-69.el6.i686 716 k
compat-libstdc++-33 x86_64 3.2.3-69.el6 /compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-69.el6.x86_64 806 k
Installing for dependencies:
compat-libf2c-34 x86_64 3.4.6-19.el6 rhel-debuginfo 51 k
libgcc i686 4.4.4-13.el6 rhel-debuginfo 104 k
Transaction Summary
======================================================================================================
Install 10 Package(s)
Upgrade 0 Package(s)
Total size: 112 M
Total download size: 156 k
Installed size: 112 M
Downloading Packages:
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total 2.1 MB/s | 156 kB 00:00
Running rpm_check_debug
Running Transaction Test
Transaction Test Succeeded
Running Transaction
Installing : libgcc-4.4.4-13.el6.i686 1/10
Installing : compat-gcc-34-3.4.6-19.el6.x86_64 2/10
Installing : compat-libf2c-34-3.4.6-19.el6.x86_64 3/10
Installing : 1:compat-glibc-headers-2.5-46.2.x86_64 4/10
Installing : 1:compat-glibc-2.5-46.2.x86_64 5/10
Installing : compat-gcc-34-g77-3.4.6-19.el6.x86_64 6/10
Installing : compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-69.el6.x86_64 7/10
Installing : compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-69.el6.i686 8/10
Installing : compat-libstdc++-296-2.96-144.el6.i686 9/10
Installing : compat-gcc-34-c++-3.4.6-19.el6.x86_64 10/10
Installed:
compat-gcc-34.x86_64 0:3.4.6-19.el6 compat-gcc-34-c++.x86_64 0:3.4.6-19.el6
compat-gcc-34-g77.x86_64 0:3.4.6-19.el6 compat-glibc.x86_64 1:2.5-46.2
compat-glibc-headers.x86_64 1:2.5-46.2 compat-libstdc++-296.i686 0:2.96-144.el6
compat-libstdc++-33.i686 0:3.2.3-69.el6 compat-libstdc++-33.x86_64 0:3.2.3-69.el6
Dependency Installed:
compat-libf2c-34.x86_64 0:3.4.6-19.el6 libgcc.i686 0:4.4.4-13.el6
Complete!
重新安装还是报如下错误，但是这个错误从另外一个人的帖子说是可以忽略的。点击继续安装按钮
[root@bogon logs]# tail -20 installActions2013-08-09_08-14-21AM.log
INFO: product/dbhome_1/sysman/lib/libnmcbuf.a(nmcbufw.o)' is incompatible with i386:x86-64 output
/usr/bin/ld: i386 architecture of input file `/u01/app/oracle/product/dbhome_1/sysman/lib/libnmcbuf.a(nmcbufu.o)' is incompatible with i386:x86-64 output
/usr/bin/ld: i386 architecture of input file `/u01/app/oracle/product/dbhome_1/sysman/lib/libnmcbuf.a(snmcbufm.o)' is incompatible with i386:x86-64 output
/usr/bin/ld: i386 architecture of input file `/u01/app/oracle/product/dbhome_1/sysman/lib/libnmcbuf.a(nmcbuff.o
INFO: )' is incompatible with i386:x86-64 output
/usr/bin/ld: i386 architecture of input file `/u01/app/oracle/product/dbhome_1/sysman/lib//libnmadbg.a(nmadbg.o)' is incompatible with i386:x86-64 output
/usr/bin/ld: i386 architecture of input file `/u01/app/oracle/product/dbhome_1/sysman/lib//libnmadbg.a(snmadbg.o)' is incompatible with i386:x86-64 output
collect2: ld returned 1 exit status
INFO: make[1]: Leaving directory `/u01/app/oracle/product/dbhome_1/sysman/lib'
INFO: make[1]: *** [/u01/app/oracle/product/dbhome_1/sysman/lib/nmccollector] Error 1
make: *** [nmccollector] Error 2
INFO: End output from spawned process.
INFO: ----------------------------------
INFO: Exception thrown from action: make
Exception Name: MakefileException
Exception String: Error in invoking target 'collector' of makefile '/u01/app/oracle/product/dbhome_1/sysman/lib/ins_emdb.mk'. See '/u01/app/oracle/oraInventory/logs/installActions2013-08-09_08-14-21AM.log' for details.
Exception Severity: 1
安装过程中如果报“ORA-27125:unable to create shared memory segment”这个错误，一般原因是操作系统用户权限不足的问题，可以通过下面的方式来解决：
将oracle的dba组的gid写入/proc/sys/vm/hugetld_shm_group文件中
解决方法
[root@bogon logs]# id oracle
uid=502(oracle) gid=502(oinstall) groups=502(oinstall),503(dba)
[root@bogon logs]# more /proc/sys/vm/hugetlb_shm_group
0
[root@bogon logs]# echo vm.hugetlb_shm_group=502 > /etc/sysctl.conf
[root@bogon logs]# sysctl -p
vm.hugetlb_shm_group = 502
[root@bogon logs]#
参考资料：
http://blog.csdn.net/simenyu/article/details/7755573
http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_65f2d7050100pybr.html
http://openwares.net/database/debian_amd64_install_10g_r2_database.html