这是学习Struts的一个简单的例子文件结构如下：
1、配置Struts环境
2、新建input.jsp，success.jsp，error.jsp
input.jsp代码如下：
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=GB18030" pageEncoding="GB18030"%> <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"> <html> <head> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=GB18030"> <title>Insert title here</title> </head> <body> <h1>简易计算器</h1> <hr> <form action="unit/cal.action" method="post"> <input type="text" name="value1"> <select name="flag"> <option value="+">+</option> <option value="-">-</option> <option value="*">*</option> <option value="/">/</option> </select> <input type="text" name="value2"> <input type="submit" value="计算"> </form> </body> </html>
3、新建com.bjpowernode.struts这个包。
关键的是新建CalAactionForm.java和CalAction.java这两个类的时候需要继承Struts的ActionForm和Action这两个类如下：
CalAactionForm.java
代码如下：
package com.bjpowernode.struts; import org.apache.struts.action.ActionForm; @SuppressWarnings("serial") public class CalAactionForm extends ActionForm { private int value1; private String flag; private int value2; public int getValue1() { return value1; } public void setValue1(int value1) { this.value1 = value1; } public String getFlag() { return flag; } public void setFlag(String flag) { this.flag = flag; } public int getValue2() { return value2; } public void setValue2(int value2) { this.value2 = value2; } }
注意：这个类里面的属性要和input.jsp里面的表单数据一致
ActionForm并非单单是获取页面表单的数据，它也可以获取其他的数据，比如说通过超链接传过来的数据。也就是说凡是从页面传递过来的参数都可以注入到ActionForm。就像C#里面我们写的实体类一样。
CalAction.java
代码如下：
package com.bjpowernode.struts; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse; import org.apache.struts.action.Action; import org.apache.struts.action.ActionForm; import org.apache.struts.action.ActionForward; import org.apache.struts.action.ActionMapping; public class CalAction extends Action { @Override public ActionForward execute(ActionMapping mapping, ActionForm form, HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception { CalAactionForm calForm=(CalAactionForm)form; int value1=calForm.getValue1(); String flag=calForm.getFlag(); int value2=calForm.getValue2(); int result=0; try{ if("+".equals(flag)){ result=value1+value2; }else if("-".equals(flag)){ result=value1-value2; }else if("*".equals(flag)){ result=value1*value2; }else if("/".equals(flag)){ result=value1/value2; } request.setAttribute("result",result); return mapping.findForward("success"); }catch(Exception e){ e.printStackTrace(); mapping.findForward("error"); } return mapping.findForward("error"); } }
4、配置struts-config.xml
代码如下：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1" ?> <!DOCTYPE struts-config PUBLIC "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 1.2//EN" "http://jakarta.apache.org/struts/dtds/struts-config_1_2.dtd"> <struts-config> <form-beans> <form-bean name="calForm" type="com.bjpowernode.struts.CalAactionForm"/> </form-beans> <action-mappings> <action path="/unit/cal" type="com.bjpowernode.struts.CalAction" name="calForm" scope="request" > <forward name="success" path="/success.jsp"/> <forward name="error" path="/error.jsp"/> </action> </action-mappings> </struts-config>
注意：struts-config.xml只要更改了就要重新启动一次Tomcat
5、配置web.xml。
代码如下：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <web-app version="2.4" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee/web-app_2_4.xsd"> <servlet> <servlet-name>action</servlet-name> <servlet-class>org.apache.struts.action.ActionServlet</servlet-class> <init-param> <param-name>config</param-name> <param-value>/WEB-INF/struts-config.xml</param-value> </init-param> <init-param> <param-name>debug</param-name> <param-value>2</param-value> </init-param> <init-param> <param-name>detail</param-name> <param-value>2</param-value> </init-param> <load-on-startup>2</load-on-startup> </servlet> <!-- Standard Action Servlet Mapping --> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>action</servlet-name> <url-pattern>*.action</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping> </web-app>
6、填写success.jsp，error.jsp代码。
Success.jsp代码如下：
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=GB18030" pageEncoding="GB18030"%> <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"> <html> <head> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=GB18030"> <title>Insert title here</title> </head> <body> ${calForm.value1} ${calForm.flag } ${calForm.value2} = ${result } </body> </html>
Error.jsp代码如下：
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=GB18030" pageEncoding="GB18030"%> <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"> <html> <head> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=GB18030"> <title>Insert title here</title> </head> <body> ${calForm.value1 } ${calForm.flag } ${calForm.value2 } 计算失败！ </body> </html>
7、index.jsp代码。
<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="GB18030"%> <% String path = request.getContextPath(); String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/"; %> <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"> <html> <head> <base href="<%=basePath%>"> <title>My JSP ‘index.jsp‘ starting page</title> <meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache"> <meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache"> <meta http-equiv="expires" content="0"> <meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3"> <meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page"> <!-- <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="styles.css"> --> </head> <body> <a href="input.jsp">简易计算器</a> </body> </html>
8、效果图：
点击计算，成功则显示：
如果失败则：