与众不同 windows phone (20) - Device(设备)之位置服务(GPS 定位), FM 收音机, 麦克风, 震动器

原文:与众不同 windows phone (20) - Device(设备)之位置服务(GPS 定位), FM 收音机, 麦克风, 震动器

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与众不同 windows phone (20) - Device(设备)之位置服务(GPS 定位), FM 收音机, 麦克风, 震动器



作者:webabcd


介绍
与众不同 windows phone 7.5 (sdk 7.1) 之设备

  • 位置服务(GPS 定位)
  • FM 收音机
  • 麦克风
  • 震动器



示例
1、演示如何使用位置服务(GPS 定位)
GpsDemo.xaml

<phone:PhoneApplicationPage 
    x:Class="Demo.Device.GpsDemo"
    xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
    xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
    xmlns:phone="clr-namespace:Microsoft.Phone.Controls;assembly=Microsoft.Phone"
    xmlns:shell="clr-namespace:Microsoft.Phone.Shell;assembly=Microsoft.Phone"
    xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008"
    xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006"
    FontFamily="{StaticResource PhoneFontFamilyNormal}"
    FontSize="{StaticResource PhoneFontSizeNormal}"
    Foreground="{StaticResource PhoneForegroundBrush}"
    SupportedOrientations="Portrait" Orientation="Portrait"
    mc:Ignorable="d" d:DesignHeight="768" d:DesignWidth="480"
    shell:SystemTray.IsVisible="True">

    <Grid x:Name="LayoutRoot" Background="Transparent">
        <StackPanel Orientation="Vertical">

            <!--跳转到隐私声明页(如果使用了 GPS 则必须要有“隐私声明”,否则不会通过微软的审核)-->
            <HyperlinkButton Content="隐私声明" NavigateUri="/Device/PrivacyPolicy.xaml" FontSize="{StaticResource PhoneFontSizeNormal}" Margin="10,6" HorizontalAlignment="Left" />

            <TextBlock Name="lblStatus" />
            
            <Button Name="btnLow" Content="低精度定位" Click="btnLow_Click" />
            <Button Name="btnHigh" Content="高精度定位" Click="btnHigh_Click" />
            <Button Name="btnClose" Content="关闭定位" Click="btnClose_Click" />

            <TextBlock Name="lblMsg" />
            
        </StackPanel>
    </Grid>

</phone:PhoneApplicationPage>

GpsDemo.xaml.cs

/*
 * 演示如何使用位置服务(GPS 定位)
 * 
 * GeoCoordinateWatcher - 用于提供地理位置数据
 *     Start() - 启动位置服务
 *     TryStart(bool suppressPermissionPrompt, TimeSpan timeout) - 尝试启动位置服务,返回值为位置服务是否启动成功
 *         suppressPermissionPrompt - 是否禁用权限提示对话框。true为禁用,false为启用
 *         timeout - 启动位置服务的超时时间
 *     Stop() - 停止位置服务
 *     
 *     DesiredAccuracy - 指定提供位置服务的精度级别(System.Device.Location.GeoPositionAccuracy 枚举)
 *         Default - 低精度定位
 *         High - 高精度定位
 *     Permission - 位置提供程序的权限,只读(System.Device.Location.GeoPositionPermission 枚举)
 *         Unknown - 权限未知
 *         Granted - 授予定位权限
 *         Denied - 拒绝定位权限
 *     Status - 位置服务的状态(System.Device.Location.GeoPositionStatus 枚举)
 *         Ready - 已经准备好相关数据
 *         Initializing - 位置提供程序初始化中
 *         NoData - 无有效数据
 *         Disabled - 位置服务不可用
 *     Position - 定位的位置数据,只读(Position.Location 是一个 System.Device.Location.GeoCoordinate 类型的对象)
 *     MovementThreshold - 自上次触发 PositionChanged 事件后,位置移动了此属性指定的距离后再次触发 PositionChanged 事件(单位:米)
 *         此属性默认值为 0,即位置的任何改变都会触发 PositionChanged 事件
 *     
 *     PositionChanged - 经纬度数据发生改变时所触发的事件(系统会根据 MovementThreshold 属性的值来决定何时触发 PositionChanged 事件,当位置服务被打开后第一次得到位置数据时也会触发此事件)
 *     StatusChanged - 位置服务的状态发生改变时所触发的事件
 * 
 * 
 * 
 * GeoCoordinate - 地理坐标
 *     Altitude - 海拔高度(单位:米)
 *     VerticalAccuracy - 海拔高度的精度(单位:米)
 *     Longitude - 经度
 *     Latitude - 纬度
 *     IsUnknown - 是否无经纬度数据。true代表无数据,false代表有数据
 *     HorizontalAccuracy - 经纬度的精度(单位:米)
 *     Course - 行进方向(单位:度,正北为 0 度)
 *     Speed - 行进速度(单位:米/秒)
 */

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Net;
using System.Windows;
using System.Windows.Controls;
using System.Windows.Documents;
using System.Windows.Input;
using System.Windows.Media;
using System.Windows.Media.Animation;
using System.Windows.Shapes;
using Microsoft.Phone.Controls;

using System.Device.Location;
using System.Threading;

namespace Demo.Device
{
    public partial class GpsDemo : PhoneApplicationPage
    {
        private GeoCoordinateWatcher _watcher;

        public GpsDemo()
        {
            InitializeComponent();

            _watcher = new GeoCoordinateWatcher();
        }

        private void btnLow_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            // 开启低精度位置服务
            StartLocationService(GeoPositionAccuracy.Default);
        }

        private void btnHigh_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            // 开启高精度位置服务
            StartLocationService(GeoPositionAccuracy.High);
        }

        private void btnClose_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            StopLocationService();
        }

        private void StartLocationService(GeoPositionAccuracy accuracy)
        {
            _watcher = new GeoCoordinateWatcher(accuracy);
            // 位置每移动 20 米触发一次 PositionChanged 事件
            _watcher.MovementThreshold = 20; 

            _watcher.StatusChanged += new EventHandler<GeoPositionStatusChangedEventArgs>(_watcher_StatusChanged);
            _watcher.PositionChanged += new EventHandler<GeoPositionChangedEventArgs<GeoCoordinate>>(_watcher_PositionChanged);

            lblStatus.Text = "GPS 服务启动中...";

            new Thread((x) =>
            {
                // 启动 GPS 服务,会阻塞 UI 线程,所以要在后台线程处理
                if (!_watcher.TryStart(true, TimeSpan.FromSeconds(30)))
                {
                    Dispatcher.BeginInvoke(delegate
                    {
                        lblStatus.Text = "GPS 服务无法启动";
                    });
                }
            }).Start();

        }

        private void StopLocationService()
        {
            if (_watcher != null)
                _watcher.Stop();

            lblStatus.Text = "GPS 服务已关闭";
        }

        void _watcher_PositionChanged(object sender, GeoPositionChangedEventArgs<GeoCoordinate> e)
        {
            // 在 UI 上显示经纬度信息
            Dispatcher.BeginInvoke(delegate
            {
                lblMsg.Text = "经度: " + e.Position.Location.Longitude.ToString("0.000");
                lblMsg.Text += Environment.NewLine;
                lblMsg.Text += "纬度: " + e.Position.Location.Latitude.ToString("0.000");
            });
        }

        void _watcher_StatusChanged(object sender, GeoPositionStatusChangedEventArgs e)
        {
            // 在 UI 上显示 GPS 服务状态
            Dispatcher.BeginInvoke(delegate
            {
                switch (e.Status)
                {
                    case GeoPositionStatus.Disabled:
                        if (_watcher.Permission == GeoPositionPermission.Denied)
                            lblStatus.Text = "GPS 服务拒绝访问";
                        else
                            lblStatus.Text = "GPS 服务不可用";
                        break;
                    case GeoPositionStatus.Initializing:
                        lblStatus.Text = "GPS 服务初始化";
                        break;
                    case GeoPositionStatus.NoData:
                        lblStatus.Text = "GPS 无有效数据";
                        break;
                    case GeoPositionStatus.Ready:
                        lblStatus.Text = "GPS 接收数据中";
                        break;
                }
            });
        }
    }
}


2、演示如何使用 FM 收音机
FMRadioDemo.xaml

<phone:PhoneApplicationPage 
    x:Class="Demo.Device.FMRadioDemo"
    xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
    xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
    xmlns:phone="clr-namespace:Microsoft.Phone.Controls;assembly=Microsoft.Phone"
    xmlns:shell="clr-namespace:Microsoft.Phone.Shell;assembly=Microsoft.Phone"
    xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008"
    xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006"
    FontFamily="{StaticResource PhoneFontFamilyNormal}"
    FontSize="{StaticResource PhoneFontSizeNormal}"
    Foreground="{StaticResource PhoneForegroundBrush}"
    SupportedOrientations="Portrait" Orientation="Portrait"
    mc:Ignorable="d" d:DesignHeight="768" d:DesignWidth="480"
    shell:SystemTray.IsVisible="True">

    <Grid x:Name="LayoutRoot" Background="Transparent">
        <StackPanel Orientation="Vertical">
            
            <TextBlock Name="lblStatus" />
            
            <Button Name="btnStart" Content="打开收音机" Click="btnStart_Click" />
            <Button Name="btnClose" Content="关闭收音机" Click="btnClose_Click" />

            <TextBlock Name="lblMsg" />

        </StackPanel>
    </Grid>

</phone:PhoneApplicationPage>

FMRadioDemo.xaml.cs

/*
 * 演示如何使用 FM 收音机
 * 
 * FMRadio - 用于操作 FM 收音机的类
 *     Instance - 返回 FMRadio 实例
 *     CurrentRegion - 收音机的区域信息(Microsoft.Devices.Radio.RadioRegion 枚举)
 *         UnitedStates - 美国
 *         Japan - 日本
 *         Europe - 其他地区
 *     Frequency - 指定 FM 调频的频率
 *     PowerMode - 打开或关闭收音机(Microsoft.Devices.Radio.RadioPowerMode 枚举)
 *         On - 打开收音机
 *         Off - 关闭收音机
 *     SignalStrength - 当前频率的信号强度(RSSI - Received Signal Strength Indication)
 */

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Net;
using System.Windows;
using System.Windows.Controls;
using System.Windows.Documents;
using System.Windows.Input;
using System.Windows.Media;
using System.Windows.Media.Animation;
using System.Windows.Shapes;
using Microsoft.Phone.Controls;

using Microsoft.Devices.Radio;
using System.Windows.Threading;
using System.Threading;

namespace Demo.Device
{
    public partial class FMRadioDemo : PhoneApplicationPage
    {
        private FMRadio _radio;
        private DispatcherTimer _timer;

        public FMRadioDemo()
        {
            InitializeComponent();

            // 实例化 FMRadio,收听 90.5 频率
            _radio = FMRadio.Instance;
            _radio.CurrentRegion = RadioRegion.Europe;
            _radio.Frequency = 90.5;

            _timer = new DispatcherTimer();
            _timer.Interval = TimeSpan.FromMilliseconds(100);
            _timer.Tick += new EventHandler(_timer_Tick);
            _timer.Start();

            if (_radio.PowerMode == RadioPowerMode.On)
                lblStatus.Text = "收音机已打开";
            else
                lblStatus.Text = "收音机已关闭";
        }

        void _timer_Tick(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            // 实时显示当前频率及信号强度
            lblMsg.Text = "调频:" + _radio.Frequency;
            lblMsg.Text += Environment.NewLine;
            lblMsg.Text += "RSSI:" + _radio.SignalStrength.ToString("0.00");
        }

        // 打开收音机
        private void btnStart_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            lblStatus.Text = "收音机打开中。。。";

            // 首次启动收音机可能需要多达 3 秒的时间,以后再启动收音机则会在 100 毫秒以内,所以建议在后台线程打开收音机
            new Thread((x) =>
            {
                _radio.PowerMode = RadioPowerMode.On;
                Dispatcher.BeginInvoke(delegate
                {
                    lblStatus.Text = "收音机已打开";
                });
            }).Start();
        }

        // 关闭收音机
        private void btnClose_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            _radio.PowerMode = RadioPowerMode.Off;
            lblStatus.Text = "收音机已关闭";
        }
    }
}


3、演示如何使用麦克风
MicrophoneDemo.xaml

<phone:PhoneApplicationPage 
    x:Class="Demo.Device.MicrophoneDemo"
    xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
    xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
    xmlns:phone="clr-namespace:Microsoft.Phone.Controls;assembly=Microsoft.Phone"
    xmlns:shell="clr-namespace:Microsoft.Phone.Shell;assembly=Microsoft.Phone"
    xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008"
    xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006"
    FontFamily="{StaticResource PhoneFontFamilyNormal}"
    FontSize="{StaticResource PhoneFontSizeNormal}"
    Foreground="{StaticResource PhoneForegroundBrush}"
    SupportedOrientations="Portrait" Orientation="Portrait"
    mc:Ignorable="d" d:DesignHeight="768" d:DesignWidth="480"
    shell:SystemTray.IsVisible="True">

    <Grid x:Name="LayoutRoot" Background="Transparent">
        <StackPanel Orientation="Vertical">

            <TextBlock Name="lblMsg" />
            
            <Button Name="btnRecord" Content="录音" Click="btnRecord_Click" />
            <Button Name="btnPlay" Content="播放" Click="btnPlay_Click" />
            <Button Name="btnStop" Content="停止" Click="btnStop_Click" />

        </StackPanel>
    </Grid>

</phone:PhoneApplicationPage>

MicrophoneDemo.xaml.cs

/*
 * 演示如何使用麦克风进行录音
 * 
 * Microphone - 用于捕获麦克风音频的类
 *     Default - 返回默认的 Microphone 实例
 *     All - 返回设备的全部 Microphone 实例集合
 *     SampleRate - 获取音频的采样率
 *     State - Microphone 的状态(Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Audio.MicrophoneState 枚举)
 *         Started - 正在捕获音频
 *         Stopped - 已经停止工作
 *     BufferDuration - 麦克风捕获音频时的缓冲时长
 *     
 *     BufferReady - 当麦克风捕获的音频时长达到 BufferDuration 设置的值后所触发的事件
 *     
 *     GetData(byte[] buffer) - 将麦克风最近捕获到的音频数据写入到指定的缓冲区
 *     GetSampleSizeInBytes(TimeSpan duration) - 麦克风捕获音频,根据音频时长返回音频字节数
 *     GetSampleDuration(int sizeInBytes) - 麦克风捕获音频,根据音频字节数返回音频时长
 *     Start() - 开始捕获
 *     Stop() - 停止捕获
 */

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Net;
using System.Windows;
using System.Windows.Controls;
using System.Windows.Documents;
using System.Windows.Input;
using System.Windows.Media;
using System.Windows.Media.Animation;
using System.Windows.Shapes;
using Microsoft.Phone.Controls;

using Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Audio;
using System.IO;
using System.Threading;
using Microsoft.Xna.Framework;

namespace Demo.Device
{
    public partial class MicrophoneDemo : PhoneApplicationPage
    {
        // silverlight 和 xna 混合编程时,所需要用到的计时器
        private GameTimer _timer;

        private Microphone _microphone = Microphone.Default;
        private SoundEffectInstance _soundInstance; // 用于播放音频数据
        private byte[] _buffer; // 每一片录音数据的缓冲区
        private MemoryStream _stream = new MemoryStream(); // 整个录音数据的内存流

        public MicrophoneDemo()
        {
            InitializeComponent();

            _timer = new GameTimer();
            // 指定计时器每 1/30 秒执行一次,即帧率为 30 fps
            _timer.UpdateInterval = TimeSpan.FromTicks(333333);
            // 每次帧更新时所触发的事件
            _timer.FrameAction += FrameworkDispatcherFrameAction;
            _timer.Start();

            _microphone.BufferReady += new EventHandler<EventArgs>(_microphone_BufferReady);
        }

        private void FrameworkDispatcherFrameAction(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            // 当使用 silverlight 和 xna 混合编程时,每次帧更新时都需要调用 FrameworkDispatcher.Update()
            FrameworkDispatcher.Update();
        }

        void _microphone_BufferReady(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            // 当录音的缓冲被填满后,将数据写入缓冲区
            _microphone.GetData(_buffer);
            // 将缓冲区中的数据写入内存流
            _stream.Write(_buffer, 0, _buffer.Length);
        }

        private void btnRecord_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            if (lblMsg.Text != "录音中")
            {
                // 设置录音的缓冲时长为 0.5 秒
                _microphone.BufferDuration = TimeSpan.FromMilliseconds(500);
                // 设置录音用的缓冲区的大小
                _buffer = new byte[_microphone.GetSampleSizeInBytes(_microphone.BufferDuration)];
                // 初始化内存流
                _stream.SetLength(0);

                _microphone.Start();

                lblMsg.Text = "录音中";
            }
        }

        private void btnPlay_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            if (_stream.Length > 0)
            {
                // 播放录音
                Thread soundThread = new Thread(new ThreadStart(playSound));
                soundThread.Start();

                lblMsg.Text = "播放录音";
            }
        }

        private void btnStop_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            if (_microphone.State == MicrophoneState.Started)
            {
                // 停止录音
                _microphone.Stop();

                lblMsg.Text = "停止录音";
            }
            else if (_soundInstance.State == SoundState.Playing)
            {
                // 停止播放录音
                _soundInstance.Stop();

                lblMsg.Text = "停止播放录音";
            }
        }

        private void playSound()
        {
            // 播放内存流中的音频
            SoundEffect sound = new SoundEffect(_stream.ToArray(), _microphone.SampleRate, AudioChannels.Mono);
            _soundInstance = sound.CreateInstance();
            _soundInstance.Play();
        }
    }
}


4、演示如何使用震动器
VibrationDemo.xaml

<phone:PhoneApplicationPage 
    x:Class="Demo.Device.VibrationDemo"
    xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
    xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
    xmlns:phone="clr-namespace:Microsoft.Phone.Controls;assembly=Microsoft.Phone"
    xmlns:shell="clr-namespace:Microsoft.Phone.Shell;assembly=Microsoft.Phone"
    xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008"
    xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006"
    FontFamily="{StaticResource PhoneFontFamilyNormal}"
    FontSize="{StaticResource PhoneFontSizeNormal}"
    Foreground="{StaticResource PhoneForegroundBrush}"
    SupportedOrientations="Portrait" Orientation="Portrait"
    mc:Ignorable="d" d:DesignHeight="768" d:DesignWidth="480"
    shell:SystemTray.IsVisible="True">

    <Grid x:Name="LayoutRoot" Background="Transparent">
        <StackPanel Orientation="Vertical">
            
            <Button Name="btnStart" Content="开始震动" Click="btnStart_Click" />
            
            <Button Name="btnStop" Content="停止震动" Click="btnStop_Click" />
            
        </StackPanel>
    </Grid>
 
</phone:PhoneApplicationPage>

VibrationDemo.xaml.cs

/*
 * 演示如何使用震动器
 * 
 * VibrateController - 用于控制震动器
 *     Default - 获取 VibrateController 实例
 *     Start(TimeSpan duration) - 指定震动时长,并使设备震动。有效时长在 0 - 5 秒之间,否则会抛出异常
 *     Stop() - 停止设备的震动
 */

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Net;
using System.Windows;
using System.Windows.Controls;
using System.Windows.Documents;
using System.Windows.Input;
using System.Windows.Media;
using System.Windows.Media.Animation;
using System.Windows.Shapes;
using Microsoft.Phone.Controls;

using Microsoft.Devices;

namespace Demo.Device
{
    public partial class VibrationDemo : PhoneApplicationPage
    {
        public VibrationDemo()
        {
            InitializeComponent();
        }

        private void btnStart_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            // 震动 5 秒
            VibrateController.Default.Start(TimeSpan.FromMilliseconds(5 * 1000));
        }

        private void btnStop_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            // 停止震动
            VibrateController.Default.Stop();
        }
    }
}



OK
[源码下载]

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