SpringMVC（一）

2021-12-23 04:22:31

1 搭建MVC HelloWorld

步骤 1 添加JAR，或者配置maven

2 配置WEB.XML文件（配置servlet的位置及文件名）

3 配置servlet文件（配置viewResolver和colltroller类）

4 写colltroller文件（处理请求和返回页面及参数）

5 前端页面

6 测试

1 MAVEN配置

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>TestMaven</groupId>
    <artifactId>TestMaven</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <packaging>jar</packaging>

    <name>TestMaven</name>
    <url>http://maven.apache.org</url>

    <properties>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>4.4</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
         <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
        <version>3.0.5.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>
    
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
        <version>3.0.5.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>
    
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.apache.geronimo.specs</groupId>
        <artifactId>geronimo-servlet_2.5_spec</artifactId>
        <version>1.2</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.apache.openejb</groupId>
        <artifactId>javaee-api</artifactId>
        <version>5.0-1</version>
        <scope>provided</scope>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>javax.faces</groupId>
        <artifactId>jsf-api</artifactId>
        <version>1.2_04</version>
        <scope>provided</scope>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
        <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
        <version>1.2</version>
        <scope>provided</scope>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
        <artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>
        <version>2.1</version>
        <scope>provided</scope>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>javax.faces</groupId>
        <artifactId>jsf-impl</artifactId>
        <version>1.2_04</version>
        <scope>provided</scope>
    </dependency>
    </dependencies>
</project>

2 web.xml配置

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app version="2.4" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee 
    http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee/web-app_2_4.xsd">
    <context-param> //如果不设置则，默认在WEB-INF目录下，设置初始化的beans配置文件的目录
        <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
        <param-value>classpath*:/beans.xml</param-value>   
    </context-param>
    <listener>
        <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
    </listener>

    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>springMVC</servlet-name> //这里设置将要读取的servlet的配置文件名
        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
        <init-param> //如果不设置，则默认在WEB-INF目录下
            <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
            <param-value>classpath*:/springMVC-servlet.xml</param-value>
        </init-param>
    </servlet>

    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>springMVC</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>

    <welcome-file-list>
        <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
    </welcome-file-list>
</web-app>

3 springMVC-servlet.XML 这个相当于STRUTS2的STRUST2.XML

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!-- Bean头部 -->
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
    xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    xmlns:util="http://www.springframework.org/schema/util"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd  
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd  
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.0.xsd              
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/util http://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util-3.0.xsd">
    
    <!-- 激活@Controller模式 -->
    <mvc:annotation-driven />
    <!-- 对包中的所有类进行扫描，以完成Bean创建和自动依赖注入的功能 需要更改 -->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.sunfan.action" />

    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter" />

    <bean id="viewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <property name="prefix">//这里设置前缀路径
            <value></value>
        </property>
        <property name="suffix">//这里设置后缀，如.JSP
            <value></value>
        </property>
    </bean>
</beans>

4 beans.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE beans PUBLIC "-//SPRING//DTD BEAN//EN" "http://www.springframework.org/dtd/spring-beans.dtd">
<beans>//暂时无需要启动的bean，不做配置
</beans>

5 Colltroller配置，这个相当于STRUTS2的ACTION

package com.sunfan.action;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.Controller;

@org.springframework.stereotype.Controller
public class GreetingController implements Controller{
    @RequestMapping("greeting")//相当于ACTION的NAME ，供前端访问
    public ModelAndView handleRequest(HttpServletRequest request,
            HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {
        String name = request.getParameter("username");
        return new ModelAndView("/js/index.jsp","name",name);//返回页面+返回的参数KEY,VALUE值
    }
}

6 js/目录下的login.jsp和index.jsp

注意由于login.jsp是在/JS/*层的，他要访问的ACTION是/*层的。所以写绝对路径比较方便

<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="ISO-8859-1"%>

<%    //获取绝对路径
String path = request.getContextPath();    
String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";    
pageContext.setAttribute("basePath",basePath);    
%>    

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
  <head>
    <title>My JSP ‘login.jsp‘ starting page</title>

    <meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache">
    <meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache">
    <meta http-equiv="expires" content="0">    
    <meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3">
    <meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page">
  </head>
  <body>
    <div>
    
        <form action="${pageScope.basePath}greeting" method="get">//ACTION指向绝对路径的地址
            <input type="text" name="username">
            <input type="submit" value="SUBMIT">
        </form>
    </div>
</html>

index.jsp

<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%@taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core"%>
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">

<html>
    <head>
        <title>孙帆的小屋</title>
        <meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache">
        <meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache">
        <meta http-equiv="expires" content="0">
        <meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3">
        <meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page">
    </head>
    <body>
        ${name}
    </body>
</html>

7测试一下

1 访问 http://localhost:8080/sunfan/js/login.jsp

2 输入名字

3 测试通过

SpringMVC（一）

码农公寓

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