重新想象 Windows 8 Store Apps (62) - 通信: Socket TCP, Socket UDP

2021-10-22 05:10:10

原文:重新想象 Windows 8 Store Apps (62) - 通信: Socket TCP, Socket UDP

作者：webabcd

介绍
重新想象 Windows 8 Store Apps 之通信

Socket - Tcp Demo
Socket - 实现一个自定义的 http server
Socket - Udp Demo

示例
1、演示 socket tcp 的应用（本例既做服务端又做客户端）
Communication/Socket/TcpDemo.xaml

重新想象 Windows 8 Store Apps (62) - 通信: Socket TCP, Socket
UDP

<Page
    x:Class="XamlDemo.Communication.Socket.TcpDemo"
    xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
    xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
    xmlns:local="using:XamlDemo.Communication.Socket"
    xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008"
    xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006"
    mc:Ignorable="d">

    <Grid Background="Transparent">
        <StackPanel Margin="120 0 0 0" Orientation="Horizontal">
            
            <StackPanel>
                <Button Name="btnStartListener" Content="start a socket listener" Click="btnStartListener_Click" />
                <Button Name="btnConnectListener" Content="connect to the socket listener" Click="btnConnectListener_Click" Margin="0 10 0 0" />
                <Button Name="btnSendData" Content="send data" Click="btnSendData_Click" Margin="0 10 0 0" />
                <Button Name="btnCloseSocket" Content="close server socket and client socket" Click="btnCloseSocket_Click" Margin="0 10 0 0" />
            </StackPanel>
            
            <TextBlock Name="lblMsg" FontSize="14.667" TextWrapping="Wrap" Margin="20 0 0 0" />
            
        </StackPanel>
    </Grid>
</Page>

Communication/Socket/TcpDemo.xaml.cs

/*
 * 演示 socket tcp 的应用（本例既做服务端又做客户端）
 * 
 * 通过 StreamSocketListener 实现 tcp 通信的服务端的 socket 监听
 * 通过 StreamSocket 实现 tcp 通信的客户端 socket
 * 
 * 注：需要在 Package.appxmanifest 中增加配置 <Capability Name="privateNetworkClientServer" />
 */

using System;
using Windows.Networking;
using Windows.Networking.Sockets;
using Windows.Storage.Streams;
using Windows.UI.Core;
using Windows.UI.Xaml;
using Windows.UI.Xaml.Controls;

namespace XamlDemo.Communication.Socket
{
    public sealed partial class TcpDemo : Page
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// 服务端 socket
        /// </summary>
        private StreamSocketListener _listener;

        /// <summary>
        /// 客户端 socket
        /// </summary>
        private StreamSocket _client;

        /// <summary>
        /// 客户端向服务端发送数据时的 DataWriter
        /// </summary>
        private DataWriter _writer;

        public TcpDemo()
        {
            this.InitializeComponent();
        }

        // 在服务端启动一个 socket 监听
        private async void btnStartListener_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            // 实例化一个 socket 监听对象
            _listener = new StreamSocketListener();
            // 监听在接收到一个连接后所触发的事件
            _listener.ConnectionReceived += _listener_ConnectionReceived;

            try
            {
                // 在指定的端口上启动 socket 监听
                await _listener.BindServiceNameAsync("2211");

                lblMsg.Text += "已经在本机的 2211 端口启动了 socket(tcp) 监听";
                lblMsg.Text += Environment.NewLine;

            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                SocketErrorStatus errStatus = SocketError.GetStatus(ex.HResult);

                lblMsg.Text += "errStatus: " + errStatus.ToString();
                lblMsg.Text += Environment.NewLine;
                lblMsg.Text += ex.ToString();
                lblMsg.Text += Environment.NewLine;
            }
        }

        // socket 监听接收到一个连接后
        async void _listener_ConnectionReceived(StreamSocketListener sender, StreamSocketListenerConnectionReceivedEventArgs args)
        {
            // 实例化一个 DataReader，用于读取数据
            DataReader reader = new DataReader(args.Socket.InputStream);

            await this.Dispatcher.RunAsync(CoreDispatcherPriority.Normal, () =>
            {
                lblMsg.Text += "服务端收到了来自: " + args.Socket.Information.RemoteHostName.RawName + ":" + args.Socket.Information.RemotePort + " 的 socket 连接";
                lblMsg.Text += Environment.NewLine;
            });

            try
            {
                while (true)
                {
                    // 自定义协议（header|body）：前4个字节代表实际数据的长度，之后的实际数据为一个字符串数据

                    // 读取 header
                    uint sizeFieldCount = await reader.LoadAsync(sizeof(uint));
                    if (sizeFieldCount != sizeof(uint))
                    {
                        // 在获取到合法数据之前，socket 关闭了
                        return;
                    }

                    // 读取 body
                    uint stringLength = reader.ReadUInt32();
                    uint actualStringLength = await reader.LoadAsync(stringLength);
                    if (stringLength != actualStringLength)
                    {
                        // 在获取到合法数据之前，socket 关闭了
                        return;
                    }

                    await this.Dispatcher.RunAsync(CoreDispatcherPriority.Normal,
                    () =>
                    {
                        // 显示客户端发送过来的数据
                        lblMsg.Text += "接收到数据: " + reader.ReadString(actualStringLength);
                        lblMsg.Text += Environment.NewLine;
                    });
                }
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                var ignore = this.Dispatcher.RunAsync(CoreDispatcherPriority.Normal, () =>
                {
                    SocketErrorStatus errStatus = SocketError.GetStatus(ex.HResult);

                    lblMsg.Text += "errStatus: " + errStatus.ToString();
                    lblMsg.Text += Environment.NewLine;
                    lblMsg.Text += ex.ToString();
                    lblMsg.Text += Environment.NewLine;
                });
            }
        }

        // 创建一个客户端 socket，并连接到服务端 socket
        private async void btnConnectListener_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            HostName hostName;
            try
            {
                hostName = new HostName("127.0.0.1");
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                lblMsg.Text += ex.ToString();
                lblMsg.Text += Environment.NewLine;

                return;
            }

            // 实例化一个客户端 socket 对象
            _client = new StreamSocket();

            try
            {
                // 连接到指定的服务端 socket
                await _client.ConnectAsync(hostName, "2211");

                lblMsg.Text += "已经连接上了 127.0.0.1:2211";
                lblMsg.Text += Environment.NewLine;
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                SocketErrorStatus errStatus = SocketError.GetStatus(ex.HResult);

                lblMsg.Text += "errStatus: " + errStatus.ToString();
                lblMsg.Text += Environment.NewLine;
                lblMsg.Text += ex.ToString();
                lblMsg.Text += Environment.NewLine;
            }
        }

        // 从客户端 socket 发送一个字符串数据到服务端 socket
        private async void btnSendData_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            // 实例化一个 DataWriter，用于发送数据
            if (_writer == null)
                _writer = new DataWriter(_client.OutputStream);

            // 自定义协议（header|body）：前4个字节代表实际数据的长度，之后的实际数据为一个字符串数据

            string data = "hello webabcd " + DateTime.Now.ToString("hh:mm:ss");
            _writer.WriteUInt32(_writer.MeasureString(data)); // 写 header 数据
            _writer.WriteString(data); // 写 body 数据

            try
            {
                // 发送数据
                await _writer.StoreAsync();

                lblMsg.Text += "数据已发送: " + data;
                lblMsg.Text += Environment.NewLine;
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                SocketErrorStatus errStatus = SocketError.GetStatus(ex.HResult);

                lblMsg.Text += "errStatus: " + errStatus.ToString();
                lblMsg.Text += Environment.NewLine;
                lblMsg.Text += ex.ToString();
                lblMsg.Text += Environment.NewLine;
            }
        }

        // 关闭客户端 socket 和服务端 socket
        private void btnCloseSocket_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            try
            {
                _writer.DetachStream(); // 分离 DataWriter 与 Stream 的关联
                _writer.Dispose();

                _client.Dispose();
                _listener.Dispose();

                lblMsg.Text += "服务端 socket 和客户端 socket 都关闭了";
                lblMsg.Text += Environment.NewLine;
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                lblMsg.Text += ex.ToString();
                lblMsg.Text += Environment.NewLine;
            }
        }
    }
}

2、演示 socket 的应用（演示如何实现一个 http server，需要注意的是此 http server 只能在此 app 内部调用，而不能在外部调用）
Communication/Socket/CustomHttpServer.xaml

<Page
    x:Class="XamlDemo.Communication.Socket.CustomHttpServer"
    xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
    xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
    xmlns:local="using:XamlDemo.Communication.Socket"
    xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008"
    xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006"
    mc:Ignorable="d">

    <Grid Background="Transparent">
        <StackPanel Margin="120 0 0 0" Orientation="Horizontal">

            <StackPanel>
                <Button Name="btnLaunchHttpServer" Content="启动 http server" Click="btnLaunchHttpServer_Click" />
                <Button Name="btnRequestHttpServer" Content="请求 http server" Click="btnRequestHttpServer_Click" Margin="0 10 0 0" />
                <Button Name="btnCloseHttpServer" Content="关闭 http server" Click="btnCloseHttpServer_Click" Margin="0 10 0 0" />
            </StackPanel>

            <TextBlock Name="lblMsg" FontSize="14.667" TextWrapping="Wrap" Margin="20 0 0 0" />

        </StackPanel>
    </Grid>
</Page>

Communication/Socket/CustomHttpServer.xaml.cs

/*
 * 演示 socket 的应用（演示如何实现一个 http server，需要注意的是此 http server 只能在此 app 内部调用，而不能在外部调用）
 * 
 * 注：需要在 Package.appxmanifest 中增加配置 <Capability Name="privateNetworkClientServer" />
 */

using System;
using Windows.Networking.Sockets;
using Windows.Storage.Streams;
using Windows.UI.Core;
using Windows.UI.Xaml;
using Windows.UI.Xaml.Controls;
using System.Text;
using System.Net.Http;

namespace XamlDemo.Communication.Socket
{
    public sealed partial class CustomHttpServer : Page
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// http server 的 socket
        /// </summary>
        private StreamSocketListener _listener;

        public CustomHttpServer()
        {
            this.InitializeComponent();
        }

        // 启动 http server，即在服务端启动一个 socket 监听
        private async void btnLaunchHttpServer_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            // 实例化一个 socket 监听对象
            _listener = new StreamSocketListener();
            // 监听在接收到一个连接后所触发的事件
            _listener.ConnectionReceived += _listener_ConnectionReceived;

            try
            {
                // 在指定的端口上启动 socket 监听
                await _listener.BindServiceNameAsync("2212");

                lblMsg.Text += "已经在本机的 2212 端口启动了 socket 监听，即 http server 的地址为：http://localhost:2212/";
                lblMsg.Text += Environment.NewLine;

            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                SocketErrorStatus errStatus = SocketError.GetStatus(ex.HResult);

                lblMsg.Text += "errStatus: " + errStatus.ToString();
                lblMsg.Text += Environment.NewLine;
                lblMsg.Text += ex.ToString();
                lblMsg.Text += Environment.NewLine;
            }
        }

        // socket 监听接收到一个连接后，即收到一个 http 请求后
        async void _listener_ConnectionReceived(StreamSocketListener sender, StreamSocketListenerConnectionReceivedEventArgs args)
        {
            // 实例化一个 DataReader，用于读取数据
            DataReader reader = new DataReader(args.Socket.InputStream);

            try
            {
                // 用于保存 http 请求的 header
                StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
                while (true)
                {
                    // 一个字节一个字节地读
                    uint loaded = await reader.LoadAsync(1);
                    if (loaded != 1)
                        return;

                    char c = (char)reader.ReadByte();
                    sb.Append(c);

                    // 碰到 \r\n\r\n 则说明已经完整地获取了 header 信息
                    if (sb.ToString().IndexOf("\r\n\r\n") > 0)
                    {
                        await this.Dispatcher.RunAsync(CoreDispatcherPriority.Normal, () =>
                        {
                            lblMsg.Text += "接收到的 http request header: ";
                            lblMsg.Text += Environment.NewLine;
                            lblMsg.Text += sb.ToString();
                            lblMsg.Text += Environment.NewLine;
                        });


                                               
                        // 用于保存 http 响应的数据
                        string response = "";

                        // 响应的 http 头信息
                        response += "HTTP/1.1 200 OK";
                        response += "Content-Type:text/html\r\n";
                        response += "Server:Custom Http Server\r\n";
                        response += "Content-Length:2\r\n";
                        response += "Connection: Keep-Alive\r\n\r\n"; // 头信息以 \r\n\r\n 结尾

                        // 响应的内容
                        response += "ok";

                        // 将已经构造好的数据响应给客户端
                        DataWriter writer = new DataWriter(args.Socket.OutputStream);
                        writer.WriteString(response);
                        await writer.StoreAsync();

                        sb.Clear();
                    }
                }
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                var ignore = this.Dispatcher.RunAsync(CoreDispatcherPriority.Normal, () =>
                {
                    SocketErrorStatus errStatus = SocketError.GetStatus(ex.HResult);

                    lblMsg.Text += "errStatus: " + errStatus.ToString();
                    lblMsg.Text += Environment.NewLine;
                    lblMsg.Text += ex.ToString();
                    lblMsg.Text += Environment.NewLine;
                });
            }
        }

        private async void btnRequestHttpServer_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            HttpClient client = new HttpClient();
            // 请求 http server
            string result = await client.GetStringAsync(new Uri("http://localhost:2212/abc.html"));
            
            // 输出 http server 的响应结果
            lblMsg.Text += "response: " + result;
            lblMsg.Text += Environment.NewLine;

        }

        // 关闭 http server，即关闭服务端 socket
        private void btnCloseHttpServer_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            try
            {
                _listener.Dispose();

                lblMsg.Text += "http server 关闭了";
                lblMsg.Text += Environment.NewLine;
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                lblMsg.Text += ex.ToString();
                lblMsg.Text += Environment.NewLine;
            }
        }
    }
}

3、演示 socket udp 的应用（本例既做服务端又做客户端）
Communication/Socket/UdpDemo.xaml

<Page
    x:Class="XamlDemo.Communication.Socket.UdpDemo"
    xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
    xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
    xmlns:local="using:XamlDemo.Communication.Socket"
    xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008"
    xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006"
    mc:Ignorable="d">

    <Grid Background="Transparent">
        <StackPanel Margin="120 0 0 0" Orientation="Horizontal">
            
            <StackPanel>
                <Button Name="btnStartListener" Content="start a socket listener" Click="btnStartListener_Click" />
                <Button Name="btnSendData" Content="send data" Click="btnSendData_Click" Margin="0 10 0 0" />
                <Button Name="btnCloseSocket" Content="close server socket and client socket" Click="btnCloseSocket_Click" Margin="0 10 0 0" />
            </StackPanel>
            
            <TextBlock Name="lblMsg" FontSize="14.667" TextWrapping="Wrap" Margin="20 0 0 0" />
            
        </StackPanel>
    </Grid>
</Page>

Communication/Socket/UdpDemo.xaml.cs

/*
 * 演示 socket udp 的应用（本例既做服务端又做客户端）
 * 
 * 通过 DatagramSocket 来实现 udp 通信的服务端和客户端
 * 
 * 注：需要在 Package.appxmanifest 中增加配置 <Capability Name="privateNetworkClientServer" />
 * 注：udp 报文（Datagram）的最大长度为 65535（包括报文头）
 */

using System;
using System.Threading;
using Windows.Networking;
using Windows.Networking.Sockets;
using Windows.Storage.Streams;
using Windows.UI.Core;
using Windows.UI.Xaml;
using Windows.UI.Xaml.Controls;

namespace XamlDemo.Communication.Socket
{
    public sealed partial class UdpDemo : Page
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// 服务端 socket
        /// </summary>
        private DatagramSocket _listener;

        /// <summary>
        /// 客户端 socket
        /// </summary>
        private DatagramSocket _client;

        /// <summary>
        /// 客户端向服务端发送数据时的 DataWriter
        /// </summary>
        private DataWriter _writer;

        public UdpDemo()
        {
            this.InitializeComponent();
        }

        // 在服务端启动一个 socket 监听
        private async void btnStartListener_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            // 实例化一个 socket 监听对象
            _listener = new DatagramSocket();
            // 服务端监听在接收到信息后所触发的事件
            _listener.MessageReceived += _listener_MessageReceived;

            try
            {
                // 在指定的端口上启动 socket 监听
                await _listener.BindServiceNameAsync("2213");

                lblMsg.Text += "已经在本机的 2213 端口启动了 socket(udp) 监听";
                lblMsg.Text += Environment.NewLine;

            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                SocketErrorStatus errStatus = SocketError.GetStatus(ex.HResult);

                lblMsg.Text += "errStatus: " + errStatus.ToString();
                lblMsg.Text += Environment.NewLine;
                lblMsg.Text += ex.ToString();
                lblMsg.Text += Environment.NewLine;
            }
        }

        // 服务端的 socket udp 监听接收到信息后
        private void _listener_MessageReceived(DatagramSocket sender, DatagramSocketMessageReceivedEventArgs args)
        {
            try
            {
                // 输出接收到的数据
                DataReader dataReader = args.GetDataReader();
                uint stringLength = dataReader.UnconsumedBufferLength;
                var ignore = this.Dispatcher.RunAsync(CoreDispatcherPriority.Normal, () =>
                {
                    lblMsg.Text += "接收到数据: " + dataReader.ReadString(stringLength) + " - 数据来自: " + args.RemoteAddress.RawName + ":" + args.RemotePort;
                    lblMsg.Text += Environment.NewLine;
                });
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                SocketErrorStatus errStatus = SocketError.GetStatus(ex.HResult);

                lblMsg.Text += "errStatus: " + errStatus.ToString();
                lblMsg.Text += Environment.NewLine;
                lblMsg.Text += ex.ToString();
                lblMsg.Text += Environment.NewLine;
            }
        }

        // 从客户端 socket 发送数据到服务端 socket
        private async void btnSendData_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            if (_client == null)
            {
                HostName hostName;
                try
                {
                    hostName = new HostName("127.0.0.1");
                }
                catch (Exception ex)
                {
                    lblMsg.Text += ex.ToString();
                    lblMsg.Text += Environment.NewLine;

                    return;
                }

                try
                {
                    // 实例化客户端 DatagramSocket，并准备往 127.0.0.1:2213 发送数据
                    _client = new DatagramSocket();
                    await _client.ConnectAsync(hostName, "2213"); // ConnectAsync() 并非连接的意思，udp 没有连接一说，这里用于设置发送数据的目标

                    lblMsg.Text += "准备往 127.0.0.1:2213 发送数据";
                    lblMsg.Text += Environment.NewLine;
                }
                catch (Exception ex)
                {
                    SocketErrorStatus errStatus = SocketError.GetStatus(ex.HResult);

                    lblMsg.Text += "errStatus: " + errStatus.ToString();
                    lblMsg.Text += Environment.NewLine;
                    lblMsg.Text += ex.ToString();
                    lblMsg.Text += Environment.NewLine;
                }

            }

            // 实例化一个 DataWriter，用于发送数据
            if (_writer == null)
                _writer = new DataWriter(_client.OutputStream);

            try
            {
                string data = "hello webabcd " + DateTime.Now.ToString("hh:mm:ss");
                _writer.WriteString(data);

                // 发送数据
                await _writer.StoreAsync();

                lblMsg.Text += "数据已发送: " + data;
                lblMsg.Text += Environment.NewLine;
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                SocketErrorStatus errStatus = SocketError.GetStatus(ex.HResult);

                lblMsg.Text += "errStatus: " + errStatus.ToString();
                lblMsg.Text += Environment.NewLine;
                lblMsg.Text += ex.ToString();
                lblMsg.Text += Environment.NewLine;
            }
        }

        // 关闭客户端 socket 和服务端 socket
        private void btnCloseSocket_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            try
            {
                _writer.DetachStream(); // 分离 DataWriter 与 Stream 的关联
                _writer.Dispose();

                _client.Dispose();
                _listener.Dispose();

                lblMsg.Text += "服务端 socket 和客户端 socket 都关闭了";
                lblMsg.Text += Environment.NewLine;
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                lblMsg.Text += ex.ToString();
                lblMsg.Text += Environment.NewLine;
            }
        }
    }
}

OK
[源码下载]

重新想象 Windows 8 Store Apps (62) - 通信: Socket TCP, Socket UDP,布布扣,bubuko.com

重新想象 Windows 8 Store Apps (62) - 通信: Socket TCP, Socket UDP

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