AP射频调优组网图
射频调优简介
- 射频调优的主要功能就是动态调整AP的信道和功率,可以使同一AC管理的各AP的信道和功率保持相对平衡,保证AP工作在最佳状态。WLAN网络中,AP的工作状态会受到周围环境的影响。例如,一个AC管理下的多个AP,如果相邻AP的工作信道存在重叠频段,或者某个AP的功率过大会对相邻AP造成信号干扰,此时就可以在AC上配置射频调优功能。
射频调优常见的场景:
- 用户新开局时,可使用射频调优功能自动选择最佳信道。
- 有新AP加入网络,或者网络环境变化,用户可定时调整AP的信道和功率,保证AP工作在最佳状态。
组网需求
- 如图1所示,在办公楼部署多个AP,AP通过接入交换机Switch_A和AC相连,用来为用户提供无线业务。
- 由于AP数量较多,逐一手工配置信道等射频参数将会非常繁琐,客户IT部门希望AC能够根据无线网络环境,自动为AP分配信道,提高网络部署的便捷性。
配置思路
采用如下的思路配置射频调优:
- 1.配置AP、AC和上层网络设备之间实现网络互通。
- 2.配置AC作为DHCP服务器为STA和AP分配IP地址。
- 3.配置VLAN pool,用于作为业务VLAN。
- 4.配置AP上线。
- a.创建AP组,用于将需要进行相同配置的AP都加入到AP组,实现统一配置。
- b.配置AC的系统参数,包括国家码、AC与AP之间通信的源接口。
- c.配置AP上线的认证方式并离线导入AP,实现AP正常上线。
- 5.配置WLAN业务参数,实现STA访问WLAN网络功能。
- 6.配置射频调优功能,通过AC自动为AP分配最佳工作信道。
操作步骤
- 1.在AC上配置NAC模式为统一模式(缺省值,不需配置)。配置SwitchA和AC,使AP与AC之间能够传输CAPWAP报文。
# 配置SwitchA,将接口GE0/0/1、GE0/0/2和GE0/0/3加入VLAN100(管理VLAN)。
<HUAWEI> system-view [HUAWEI] sysname SwitchA [SwitchA] vlan batch 100 [SwitchA] interface gigabitethernet 0/0/1 [SwitchA-GigabitEthernet0/0/1] port link-type trunk [SwitchA-GigabitEthernet0/0/1] port trunk pvid vlan 100 [SwitchA-GigabitEthernet0/0/1] port trunk allow-pass vlan 100 [SwitchA-GigabitEthernet0/0/1] undo port trunk allow-pass vlan 1 [SwitchA-GigabitEthernet0/0/1] stp edged-port enable [SwitchA-GigabitEthernet0/0/1] port-isolate enable [SwitchA-GigabitEthernet0/0/1] quit [SwitchA] interface gigabitethernet 0/0/2 [SwitchA-GigabitEthernet0/0/2] port link-type trunk [SwitchA-GigabitEthernet0/0/2] port trunk pvid vlan 100 [SwitchA-GigabitEthernet0/0/2] port trunk allow-pass vlan 100 [SwitchA-GigabitEthernet0/0/2] undo port trunk allow-pass vlan 1 [SwitchA-GigabitEthernet0/0/2] stp edged-port enable [SwitchA-GigabitEthernet0/0/3] port-isolate enable [SwitchA-GigabitEthernet0/0/2] quit [SwitchA] interface gigabitethernet 0/0/3 [SwitchA-GigabitEthernet0/0/3] port link-type trunk [SwitchA-GigabitEthernet0/0/3] port trunk pvid vlan 100 [SwitchA-GigabitEthernet0/0/3] port trunk allow-pass vlan 100 [SwitchA-GigabitEthernet0/0/3] undo port trunk allow-pass vlan 1 [SwitchA-GigabitEthernet0/0/3] stp edged-port enable [SwitchA-GigabitEthernet0/0/3] port-isolate enable [SwitchA-GigabitEthernet0/0/3] quit
# 配置SwitchA连接AC的接口GE0/0/4加入VLAN100。
[SwitchA] interface gigabitethernet 0/0/4 [SwitchA-GigabitEthernet0/0/4] port link-type trunk [SwitchA-GigabitEthernet0/0/4] port trunk allow-pass vlan 100 [SwitchA-GigabitEthernet0/0/4] undo port trunk allow-pass vlan 1 [SwitchA-GigabitEthernet0/0/4] quit
# 配置AC连接SwitchA的接口GE1/0/1加入VLAN100。
[HUAWEI] sysname AC [AC] vlan batch 100 101 [AC] interface gigabitethernet 1/0/1 [AC-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] port link-type trunk [AC-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] port trunk allow-pass vlan 100 [AC-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] undo port trunk allow-pass vlan 1 [AC-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] quit
- 2.配置AC与上层网络设备互通
# 配置AC上行接口GE1/0/2加入VLAN101(业务VLAN)。
[AC] interface gigabitethernet 1/0/2 [AC-GigabitEthernet1/0/2] port link-type trunk [AC-GigabitEthernet1/0/2] port trunk allow-pass vlan 101 [AC-GigabitEthernet1/0/2] undo port trunk allow-pass vlan 1 [AC-GigabitEthernet1/0/2] quit
- 3.配置AC作为DHCP服务器,为STA和AP分配IP地址
# 配置基于接口地址池的DHCP服务器,其中,VLANIF100接口为AP提供IP地址,VLANIF101为STA提供IP地址。
说明:
DNS服务器地址请根据实际需要配置。常用配置方法如下:
•接口地址池场景,需要在VLANIF接口视图下执行命令dhcp server dns-list ip-address IP。
•全局地址池场景,需要在IP地址池视图下执行命令dns-list ip-address IP。
[AC] dhcp enable //使能DHCP功能 [AC] interface vlanif 100 [AC-Vlanif100] ip address 10.23.100.1 24 [AC-Vlanif100] dhcp select interface //配置基于接口的地址池 [AC-Vlanif100] quit [AC] interface vlanif 101 [AC-Vlanif101] ip address 10.23.101.1 24 [AC-Vlanif101] dhcp select interface [AC-Vlanif101] quit
- 4.配置AP上线
# 创建AP组,用于将相同配置的AP都加入同一AP组中。
[AC] wlan [AC-wlan-view] ap-group name ap-group1 [AC-wlan-ap-group-ap-group1] quit
# 创建域管理模板,在域管理模板下配置AC的国家码并在AP组下引用域管理模板。
[AC-wlan-view] regulatory-domain-profile name domain1 [AC-wlan-regulate-domain-domain1] country-code cn [AC-wlan-regulate-domain-domain1] quit [AC-wlan-view] ap-group name ap-group1 [AC-wlan-ap-group-ap-group1] regulatory-domain-profile domain1 Warning: Modifying the country code will clear channel, power and antenna gain configurations of the radio and reset the AP. Continu e?[Y/N]:y [AC-wlan-ap-group-ap-group1] quit [AC-wlan-view] quit
# 配置AC的源接口。
[AC] capwap source interface vlanif 100
# 在AC上离线导入AP,并将area_1和area_2加入AP组“ap-group1”中。假设AP的MAC地址为60de-4476-e360,并且根据AP的部署位置为AP配置名称,便于从名称上就能够了解AP的部署位置。例如MAC地址为 60de-4476-e360的AP部署在1号区域,命名此AP为area_1。
说明:
ap auth-mode命令缺省情况下为MAC认证,如果之前没有修改其缺省配置,可以不用执行ap auth-mode mac-auth。
举例中使用的AP为AP6010DN-AGN,具有射频0和射频1两个射频。AP6010DN-AGN的射频0为2.4GHz射频,射频1为5GHz射频。
[AC] wlan [AC-wlan-view] ap auth-mode mac-auth [AC-wlan-view] ap-id 0 ap-mac 60de-4476-e360 [AC-wlan-ap-0] ap-name area_1 [AC-wlan-ap-0] ap-group ap-group1 Warning: This operation may cause AP reset. If the country code changes, it will clear channel, power and antenna gain configuration s of the radio, Whether to continue? [Y/N]:y [AC-wlan-ap-0] quit [AC-wlan-view] ap-id 1 ap-mac dcd2-fc04-b500 [AC-wlan-ap-1] ap-name area_2 [AC-wlan-ap-1] ap-group ap-group1 Warning: This operation may cause AP reset. If the country code changes, it will clear channel, power and antenna gain configuration s of the radio, Whether to continue? [Y/N]:y [AC-wlan-ap-1] quit
# 将AP上电后,当执行命令display ap all查看到AP的“State”字段为“nor”时,表示AP正常上线。
[AC-wlan-view] display ap all Total AP information: nor : normal [2] --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ID MAC Name Group IP Type State STA Uptime --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 0 60de-4476-e360 area_1 ap-group1 10.23.101.253 AP6010DN-AGN nor 0 5M:2S 1 dcd2-fc04-b500 area_2 ap-group1 10.23.101.254 AP6010DN-AGN nor 0 5M:4S --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Total: 2
- 5.配置WLAN业务参数
# 创建名为“wlan-security”的安全模板,并配置安全策略。
说明:
举例中以配置WPA2+PSK+AES的安全策略为例,密码为“a1234567”,实际配置中请根据实际情况,配置符合实际要求的安全策略。
[AC-wlan-view] security-profile name wlan-security [AC-wlan-sec-prof-wlan-security] security wpa2 psk pass-phrase a1234567 aes //配置安全策略为WPA2+PSK+AES [AC-wlan-sec-prof-wlan-security] quit
# 创建名为“wlan-ssid”的SSID模板,并配置SSID名称为“wlan-net”。
[AC-wlan-view] ssid-profile name wlan-ssid [AC-wlan-ssid-prof-wlan-ssid] ssid wlan-net //配置SSID名称为wlan-net [AC-wlan-ssid-prof-wlan-ssid] quit
# 创建名为“wlan-vap”的VAP模板,配置业务数据转发模式、业务VLAN,并且引用安全模板和SSID模板。
[AC-wlan-view] vap-profile name wlan-vap [AC-wlan-vap-prof-wlan-vap] forward-mode tunnel //配置业务转发模式为隧道转发 [AC-wlan-vap-prof-wlan-vap] service-vlan vlan-id 101 //缺省情况下VLAN ID为1,修改VLAN ID为101 [AC-wlan-vap-prof-wlan-vap] security-profile wlan-security [AC-wlan-vap-prof-wlan-vap] ssid-profile wlan-ssid [AC-wlan-vap-prof-wlan-vap] quit
# 配置AP组引用VAP模板,AP上射频0和射频1都使用VAP模板“wlan-vap”的配置。
[AC-wlan-view] ap-group name ap-group1 [AC-wlan-ap-group-ap-group1] vap-profile wlan-vap wlan 1 radio 0 [AC-wlan-ap-group-ap-group1] vap-profile wlan-vap wlan 1 radio 1 [AC-wlan-ap-group-ap-group1] quit
- 6.配置射频调优功能
# 创建RRM模板“wlan-net”,在RRM模板下使能信道自动选择信道功能和发送功率自动选择信道功能。缺省情况下,信道自动选择信道功能和发送功率自动选择信道功能都已经使能。
[AC-wlan-view] rrm-profile name wlan-net [AC-wlan-rrm-prof-wlan-net] undo calibrate auto-channel-select disable [AC-wlan-rrm-prof-wlan-net] undo calibrate auto-txpower-select disable [AC-wlan-rrm-prof-wlan-net] quit
# 创建空口扫描模板“wlan-airscan”,并配置扫描信道集合、扫描间隔时间和扫描持续时间。缺省情况下,空口扫描信道集合为AP对应国家码支持的所有信道。
[AC-wlan-view] air-scan-profile name wlan-airscan [AC-wlan-air-scan-prof-wlan-airscan] scan-channel-set country-channel [AC-wlan-air-scan-prof-wlan-airscan] scan-period 80 [AC-wlan-air-scan-prof-wlan-airscan] scan-interval 80000 [AC-wlan-air-scan-prof-wlan-airscan] quit
# 创建2G射频模板“radio2g”,并在该模板下引用RRM模板“wlan-net”和空口扫描模板“wlan-airscan”。
[AC-wlan-view] radio-2g-profile name radio2g [AC-wlan-radio-2g-prof-radio2g] rrm-profile wlan-net [AC-wlan-radio-2g-prof-radio2g] air-scan-profile wlan-airscan [AC-wlan-radio-2g-prof-radio2g] quit
# 创建5G射频模板“radio5g”,并在该模板下引用RRM模板“wlan-net”和空口扫描模板“wlan-airscan”。
[AC-wlan-view] radio-5g-profile name radio5g [AC-wlan-radio-5g-prof-radio5g] rrm-profile wlan-net [AC-wlan-radio-5g-prof-radio5g] air-scan-profile wlan-airscan [AC-wlan-radio-5g-prof-radio5g] quit
# 在名为“ap-group1”的AP组下引用5G射频模板“radio5g”和2G射频模板“radio2g”。
[AC-wlan-view] ap-group name ap-group1 [AC-wlan-ap-group-ap-group1] radio-5g-profile radio5g [AC-wlan-ap-group-ap-group1] radio-2g-profile radio2g [AC-wlan-ap-group-ap-group1] quit
# 配置射频调优的模式为定时模式,调优时间定在凌晨3点。
[AC-wlan-view] calibrate enable schedule time 03:00:00
- 7.提交配置
[AC-wlan-view] commit all Warning: Committing configuration may cause service interruption, continue?[Y/N]:y
V200R011C10版本开始,WLAN配置会自动下发,不需要再执行命令commit all提交配置。
- 8.验证配置结果
# STA搜索到名为“wlan-net”的无线网络,输入密码“a1234567”并正常关联后,在AC上执行命令display station ssid wlan-net,可以查看到用户已经接入到无线网络“wlan-net”中。
[AC-wlan-view] display station ssid wlan-net Rf/WLAN: Radio ID/WLAN ID Rx/Tx: link receive rate/link transmit rate(Mbps) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- STA MAC AP ID Ap name Rf/WLAN Band Type Rx/Tx RSSI VLAN IP address ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- e019-1dc7-1e08 0 area_1 0/1 2.4G 11n 65/38 -29 101 10.23.101.253 b878-2eb4-2689 1 area_2 0/1 2.4G 11n 78/43 -33 101 10.23.101.254 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Total: 2 2.4G: 2 5G: 0
# 在AC上执行display radio all命令,查看射频调优效果。
[AC-wlan-view] display radio all CH/BW:Channel/Bandwidth CE:Current EIRP (dBm) ME:Max EIRP (dBm) CU:Channel utilization ST:Status ---------------------------------------------------------------------- AP ID Name RfID Band Type ST CH/BW CE/ME STA CU ---------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 area_2 0 2.4G bgn on 1/20M 28/28 1 10% 1 area_2 1 5G an on 149/20M 29/29 0 15% 0 area_1 0 2.4G bgn on 6/20M 28/28 1 15% 0 area_1 1 5G an on 153/20M 29/29 0 49% ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Total:4
# 待执行手动调优半小时后,调优结束。以下配置步骤在配置文件中不体现。此时用户可以选以下两种方案:
(推荐)将射频调优模式改为定时调优,并将调优时间定为用户业务空闲时段(如当地时间凌晨00:00-06:00时段)。
[AC-wlan-view] calibrate enable schedule time 03:00:00 [AC-wlan-view] commit all Warning: Committing configuration may cause service interruption, continue?[Y/N]:y
手动固定信道:将RRM模板下的信道自动选择信道功能和发送功率自动选择信道功能关闭。等待有新AP加入,用户可再次手动触发射频调优。
[AC-wlan-view] rrm-profile name wlan-net [AC-wlan-rrm-prof-wlan-net] calibrate auto-channel-select disable [AC-wlan-rrm-prof-wlan-net] calibrate auto-txpower-select disable [AC-wlan-rrm-prof-wlan-net] quit [AC-wlan-view] calibrate enable manual [AC-wlan-view] calibrate manual startup [AC-wlan-view] commit all Warning: Committing configuration may cause service interruption, continue?[Y/N]:y