配置VRRP主备备份


配置VRRP主备备份
 
配置思路
采用VRRP主备备份实现网关冗余备份,配置思路如下:   1、配置各设备接口IP地址及路由协议,使各设备间网络层连通。 2、在SwitchA和SwitchB上配置VRRP备份组。其中: SwitchA上配置较高优先级和20秒抢占延时,作为Master设备承担流量转发; SwitchB上配置较低优先级,作为备用交换机,实现网关冗余备份。

操作步骤

  1. 配置设备间的网络互连

    # 配置设备各接口的IP地址,以SwitchA为例。SwitchB和SwitchC的配置与SwitchA类似,详见配置文件。

    <HUAWEI> system-view
    [HUAWEI] sysname SwitchA
    [SwitchA] vlan batch 100 300
    [SwitchA] interface gigabitethernet 1/0/1
    [SwitchA-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] port link-type hybrid
    [SwitchA-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] port hybrid pvid vlan 300
    [SwitchA-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] port hybrid untagged vlan 300
    [SwitchA-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] quit
    [SwitchA] interface gigabitethernet 1/0/2
    [SwitchA-GigabitEthernet1/0/2] port link-type hybrid
    [SwitchA-GigabitEthernet1/0/2] port hybrid pvid vlan 100
    [SwitchA-GigabitEthernet1/0/2] port hybrid untagged vlan 100
    [SwitchA-GigabitEthernet1/0/2] quit
    [SwitchA] interface vlanif 100
    [SwitchA-Vlanif100] ip address 10.1.1.1 24
    [SwitchA-Vlanif100] quit
    [SwitchA] interface vlanif 300
    [SwitchA-Vlanif300] ip address 192.168.1.1 24
    [SwitchA-Vlanif300] quit

    # 配置Switch的二层转发功能。

    <HUAWEI> system-view
    [HUAWEI] sysname Switch
    [Switch] vlan 100
    [Switch-vlan100] quit
    [Switch] interface gigabitethernet 1/0/1
    [Switch-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] port link-type hybrid
    [Switch-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] port hybrid pvid vlan 100
    [Switch-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] port hybrid untagged vlan 100
    [Switch-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] quit
    [Switch] interface gigabitethernet 1/0/2
    [Switch-GigabitEthernet1/0/2] port link-type hybrid
    [Switch-GigabitEthernet1/0/2] port hybrid pvid vlan 100
    [Switch-GigabitEthernet1/0/2] port hybrid untagged vlan 100
    [Switch-GigabitEthernet1/0/2] quit
    

    # 配置SwitchA、SwitchB和SwitchC间采用OSPF协议进行互连。以SwitchA为例,SwitchB和SwitchC的配置与SwitchA类似,详见配置文件。

    [SwitchA] ospf 1
    [SwitchA-ospf-1] area 0
    [SwitchA-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0] network 10.1.1.0 0.0.0.255
    [SwitchA-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0] network 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.255
    [SwitchA-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0] quit
    [SwitchA-ospf-1] quit
  2. 配置VRRP备份组

     

    # 在SwitchA上创建VRRP备份组1,配置SwitchA在该备份组中的优先级为120,并配置抢占时间为20秒。

    [SwitchA] interface vlanif 100
    [SwitchA-Vlanif100] vrrp vrid 1 virtual-ip 10.1.1.111
    [SwitchA-Vlanif100] vrrp vrid 1 priority 120                  //设备在VRRP备份组中的优先级缺省为100,修改Master设备的优先级大于Backup设备
    [SwitchA-Vlanif100] vrrp vrid 1 preempt-mode timer delay 20   //设备在VRRP备份组中缺省采用立即抢占方式。修改Master设备的延迟抢占时间,以避免在网络环境不稳定时,由于双方频繁抢占而导致流量中断的问题
    [SwitchA-Vlanif100] quit

    # 在SwitchB上创建VRRP备份组1,其在该备份组中的优先级采用缺省值100(不需要配置)。

    [SwitchB] interface vlanif 100
    [SwitchB-Vlanif100] vrrp vrid 1 virtual-ip 10.1.1.111
    [SwitchB-Vlanif100] quit

     

  3. 验证配置结果

     

    # 完成上述配置以后,在SwitchA和SwitchB上分别执行display vrrp命令,可以看到SwitchA在备份组中的状态为Master,SwitchB在备份组中的状态为Backup。

    [SwitchA] display vrrp
      Vlanif100 | Virtual Router 1
        State : Master
        Virtual IP : 10.1.1.111
        Master IP : 10.1.1.1
        PriorityRun : 120
        PriorityConfig : 120                                                        
        MasterPriority : 120                                                        
        Preempt : YES   Delay Time : 20 s
        TimerRun : 1 s
        TimerConfig : 1 s
        Auth type : NONE                                                            
        Virtual MAC : 0000-5e00-0101                                                
        Check TTL : YES                                                             
        Config type : normal-vrrp                                                   
        Backup-forward : disabled
        Create time : 2012-01-12 20:15
        Last change time : 2012-01-12 20:15
    [SwitchB] display vrrp
      Vlanif100 | Virtual Router 1
        State : Backup
        Virtual IP : 10.1.1.111
        Master IP : 10.1.1.1
        PriorityRun : 100
        PriorityConfig : 100                                                        
        MasterPriority : 120                                                        
        Preempt : YES   Delay Time : 0 s
        TimerRun : 1 s
        TimerConfig : 1 s
        Auth type : NONE                                                            
        Virtual MAC : 0000-5e00-0101                                                
        Check TTL : YES                                                             
        Config type : normal-vrrp                                                   
        Backup-forward : disabled
        Create time : 2012-01-12 20:15
        Last change time : 2012-01-12 20:15

    # 在SwitchA和SwitchB上执行display ip routing-table命令,SwitchA上可以看到路由表中有一条目的地址为虚拟IP地址的直连路由,而SwitchB上该路由为OSPF路由。SwitchA和SwitchB上的显示信息如下。

    [SwitchA] display ip routing-table
    Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib
    ------------------------------------------------------------------------------  
    Routing Tables: Public                                                          
             Destinations : 9       Routes : 10                                    
                                                                                    
    Destination/Mask    Proto   Pre  Cost      Flags NextHop         Interface      
                                                                                    
         10.1.1.0/24    Direct   0     0         D      10.1.1.1        Vlanif100
         10.1.1.1/32    Direct   0     0         D      127.0.0.1       Vlanif100
     10.1.1.111/32    Direct  0     0         D      127.0.0.1      Vlanif100
         127.0.0.0/8    Direct   0    0          D      127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0
        127.0.0.1/32    Direct   0    0          D      127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0
       172.16.1.0/24    OSPF     10   2          D      192.168.1.2     Vlanif300
      192.168.1.0/24    Direct   0    0          D      192.168.1.1     Vlanif300
      192.168.1.1/32    Direct   0    0          D      127.0.0.1       Vlanif300
      192.168.2.0/24    OSPF     10   2          D      10.1.1.2        Vlanif100
                        OSPF     10   2          D      192.168.1.2     Vlanif300
    [SwitchB] display ip routing-table
    Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib
    ------------------------------------------------------------------------------  
    Routing Tables: Public                                                          
             Destinations : 9       Routes : 10                                    
                                                                                    
    Destination/Mask    Proto   Pre  Cost      Flags NextHop         Interface      
                                                                                    
         10.1.1.0/24    Direct   0     0         D     10.1.1.2        Vlanif100
         10.1.1.2/32    Direct   0     0         D     127.0.0.1       Vlanif100
     10.1.1.111/32    OSPF    10    2         D     10.1.1.1       Vlanif100
         127.0.0.0/8    Direct   0     0         D     127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0
        127.0.0.1/32    Direct   0     0         D     127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0
       172.16.1.0/24    OSPF     10    2         D     192.168.2.2     Vlanif200
      192.168.1.0/24    OSPF     10    2         D     10.1.1.1        Vlanif100
                        OSPF     10    2         D     192.168.2.2     Vlanif200
      192.168.2.0/24    Direct   0     0         D     192.168.2.1     Vlanif200
      192.168.2.1/32    Direct   0     0         D     127.0.0.1       Vlanif200

    # 在SwitchA的接口GE1/0/2上执行shutdown命令,模拟SwitchA出现故障。

    [SwitchA] interface gigabitethernet 1/0/2
    [SwitchA-GigabitEthernet1/0/2] shutdown
    [SwitchA-GigabitEthernet1/0/2] quit

    # 在SwitchB上执行display vrrp命令查看VRRP状态信息,可以看到SwitchB的状态是Master。

    [SwitchB] display vrrp
      Vlanif100 | Virtual Router 1
        State : Master
        Virtual IP : 10.1.1.111
        Master IP : 10.1.1.2
        PriorityRun : 100
        PriorityConfig : 100                                                        
        MasterPriority : 100                                                        
        Preempt : YES   Delay Time : 0 s
        TimerRun : 1 s
        TimerConfig : 1 s
        Auth type : NONE                                                            
        Virtual MAC : 0000-5e00-0101                                                
        Check TTL : YES                                                             
        Config type : normal-vrrp                                                   
        Backup-forward : disabled
        Create time : 2012-01-12 20:15
        Last change time : 2012-01-12 20:15

    # 在SwitchA的接口GE1/0/2上执行undo shutdown命令。

    [SwitchA] interface gigabitethernet 1/0/2
    [SwitchA-GigabitEthernet1/0/2] undo shutdown
    [SwitchA-GigabitEthernet1/0/2] quit

    # 等待20秒后,在SwitchA上执行display vrrp命令查看VRRP状态信息,可以看到SwitchA的状态恢复成Master。

    [SwitchA] display vrrp
      Vlanif100 | Virtual Router 1
        State : Master
        Virtual IP : 10.1.1.111
        Master IP : 10.1.1.1
        PriorityRun : 120
        PriorityConfig : 120                                                        
        MasterPriority : 120                                                        
        Preempt : YES   Delay Time : 20 s
        TimerRun : 1 s
        TimerConfig : 1 s
        Auth type : NONE                                                            
        Virtual MAC : 0000-5e00-0101                                                
        Check TTL : YES                                                             
        Config type : normal-vrrp                                                   
        Backup-forward : disabled
        Create time : 2012-01-12 20:15
        Last change time : 2012-01-12 20:15
    

     

配置文件
  • SwitchA的配置文件

    #
    sysname SwitchA
    #
    vlan batch 100 300
    #
    interface Vlanif100
     ip address 10.1.1.1 255.255.255.0
     vrrp vrid 1 virtual-ip 10.1.1.111
     vrrp vrid 1 priority 120
     vrrp vrid 1 preempt-mode timer delay 20
    #
    interface Vlanif300
     ip address 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0
    #
    interface GigabitEthernet1/0/1
     port link-type hybrid
     port hybrid pvid vlan 300
     port hybrid untagged vlan 300
    #
    interface GigabitEthernet1/0/2
     port link-type hybrid
     port hybrid pvid vlan 100
     port hybrid untagged vlan 100
    #
    ospf 1
     area 0.0.0.0
      network 10.1.1.0 0.0.0.255
      network 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.255
    #
    return
  • SwitchB的配置文件

    #
    sysname SwitchB
    #
    vlan batch 100 200
    #
    interface Vlanif100
     ip address 10.1.1.2 255.255.255.0
     vrrp vrid 1 virtual-ip 10.1.1.111
    #
    interface Vlanif200
     ip address 192.168.2.1 255.255.255.0
    #
    interface GigabitEthernet1/0/1
     port link-type hybrid
     port hybrid pvid vlan 200
     port hybrid untagged vlan 200
    #
    interface GigabitEthernet1/0/2
     port link-type hybrid
     port hybrid pvid vlan 100
     port hybrid untagged vlan 100
    #
    ospf 1
     area 0.0.0.0
      network 10.1.1.0 0.0.0.255
      network 192.168.2.0 0.0.0.255
    #
    return
  • SwitchC的配置文件

    #
    sysname SwitchC
    #
    vlan batch 200 300 400
    #
    interface Vlanif200
     ip address 192.168.2.2 255.255.255.0
    #
    interface Vlanif300
     ip address 192.168.1.2 255.255.255.0
    #
    interface Vlanif400
     ip address 172.16.1.1 255.255.255.0
    #
    interface GigabitEthernet1/0/1
     port link-type hybrid
     port hybrid pvid vlan 300
     port hybrid untagged vlan 300
    #
    interface GigabitEthernet1/0/2
     port link-type hybrid
     port hybrid pvid vlan 200
     port hybrid untagged vlan 200
    #
    interface GigabitEthernet1/0/3
     port link-type hybrid
     port hybrid pvid vlan 400
     port hybrid untagged vlan 400
    #
    ospf 1
     area 0.0.0.0
      network 172.16.1.0 0.0.0.255
      network 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.255
      network 192.168.2.0 0.0.0.255
    #
    return
    
  • Switch的配置文件

    #
    sysname Switch
    #
    vlan batch 100
    #
    interface GigabitEthernet1/0/1
     port link-type hybrid
     port hybrid pvid vlan 100
     port hybrid untagged vlan 100
    #
    interface GigabitEthernet1/0/2
     port link-type hybrid
     port hybrid pvid vlan 100
     port hybrid untagged vlan 100
    #
    return
  •  

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