配置可恢复性：

ontrol_files:控制文件

parameter:参数

show：显示

select name from v$database; 查看当前的数据库★★

控制文件
SQL> show parameter control_files
SQL> select * from v$controlfile;

修改路径：
$ cd $ORACLE_HOME/dbs 改变目录位置
$ cp spfileorcl.ora spfileorcl.ora.bak 备份
SQL> alter system set control_files='/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/control01.ctl', '/home/oracle/control02.ctl' scope=spfile;
SQL> shutdown immediate
$ mv /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/orcl/control02.ctl /home/oracle/control02.ctl
SQL> startup
SQL> show parameter control_files 显示控制文件的参数，路径
SQL> select * from v$controlfile; 更详细的查询

增加镜像：
SQL> alter system set control_files='/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/control01.ctl', '/home/oracle/control02.ctl', '/home/oracle/control03.ctl' scope=spfile;
SQL> shutdown immediate
$ cp /home/oracle/control02.ctl /home/oracle/control03.ctl
SQL> startup
SQL> show parameter control_files
SQL> select * from v$controlfile;

system：系统

如果重启数据库以后出现250，则路径有问题，需检查

路径添加需要一个单引号 ' 结尾也要有' 两个路径之间则用 ，隔开 紧挨着下一个路径也要用单引号 ' 结尾一样是 ' 最后；

logfile：日志文件

member：成员

log：日志

data：数据

select name from v$datafile 查询数据文件

日志文件：
增加成员和日志组：
SQL> select GROUP#, SEQUENCE#, STATUS, MEMBERS from v$log;
SQL> select GROUP#, MEMBER from v$logfile;
SQL> alter database add logfile member '/home/oracle/redo01b.log' to group 1;
SQL> alter database add logfile member '/home/oracle/redo02b.log' to group 2;
SQL> alter database add logfile member '/home/oracle/redo03b.log' to group 3;
SQL> alter database add logfile group 4 ('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/redo04.log',

开启归档模式：
SQL> archive log list 检查当前设置
SQL> shutdown immediate
SQL> startup mount
SQL> alter database archivelog;
SQL> alter database open;
SQL> archive log list
SQL> show parameter log_archive_dest
SQL> select group#, sequence#, status, archived from v$log;
SQL> alter system switch logfile; 日志切换，对当前日志归档
SQL> select group#, sequence#, status, archived from v$log;
SQL> select NAME, SEQUENCE#, STATUS from v$archived_log;
$ ls /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ORCL

RMAN配置：

$ rman target / 或rman target sys/password@orcl
RMAN> show all; 查看系统里面备份所有的配置
RMAN> CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP On;打开控制文件自动备份
RMAN> CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP clear;恢复默认
RMAN> backup tablespace users;
RMAN> list backup;

指定备份格式：
RMAN> backup tablespace users; 生成标准备份集
RMAN> backup as compressed backupset tablespace users; 生成压缩备份集
RMAN> backup as copy tablespace users; 生成镜像文件备份集
RMAN> list backup of tablespace users; 查看备份信息
RMAN> list copy of tablespace users;