一起来学习React-Native之react-navigation基本解析

前言

  不久前自己也完整开发了一个React-Native项目,对其中的一些知识存在疑惑,再加上项目时间比较紧张,来不及做系统的学习。现在来回顾自己开发当中存在的疑惑点,和大家分享。第一篇是关于路由框架react-navigation,当时其实也没有好好看文档,现在回头看路由设计的确实比较乱,如果没看过文档建议直接去看文档,而后再看此篇文章。主要介绍createStackNavigator,createSwitchNavigator,createBottomTabNavigator,createMaterialTopTabNavigator,这四类路由框架,以及他们的组合使用。

createStackNavigator

  顾名思义,其实这就是一种基于栈的路由管理方式,栈的特点就是先入后出,最新入栈的界面会显示在最顶部,这也是Android管理Activity的方式,也是React-Native App打开页面最主要的方式。

  

  export function createStackNavigator(
    routeConfigMap: NavigationRouteConfigMap,
    stackConfig?: StackNavigatorConfig
  ): NavigationContainer;

 

   该方法提供两个参数,一个是NavigationRouteConfigMap,当中存储的一些你声明的组件,他们之间构成了一个单独的路由。还有一个参数是StackNavigatorConfig,它允许你对路由做一个全局的设置,比如说是否显示头部,头部的主题等等。这边建议都不显示头部,更多的时候,页面的头部不尽相同,通过自定的这种形式会对开发更加的友好。需要注意的是,在最新版本的react-navigation当中,必须通过createAppContainer包裹导出。通过创建js文件:AppNavigator.js,一个完整的基于createStackNavigator的例子如下:

 

import {
    createStackNavigator,
    createSwitchNavigator,
    createAppContainer,
    createBottomTabNavigator,
    createMaterialTopTabNavigator
} from 'react-navigation'
import SplashPage from "../page/Splash/SplashPage";
import HomePage from "../page/Home/HomePage";
import Feather from "react-native-vector-icons/Feather"
import Page1 from "../page/bottom/Page1";
import Page2 from "../page/bottom/Page2";
import Page3 from "../page/bottom/Page3";
import React from "react";
import Top1 from "../page/top/Top1";
import Top2 from "../page/top/Top2";
import Top3 from "../page/top/Top3";


const InitNavigator = createStackNavigator({
    SplashPage: {
        screen: SplashPage,
        navigationOptions: {
            header: null
        }
    },
    Page1: {
        screen: Page1,
        navigationOptions: {
            header: null
        }
    },
    Page2: {
        screen: Page2,
        navigationOptions: {
            header: null
        }
    },
    Page3: {
        screen: Page3,
        navigationOptions: {
            header: null
        }
    },

},{

});

export default createAppContainer(InitNavigator);

 

这个时候我们只需要修改App.js,就可以完成接入路由这个操作了。

import React, {Component} from 'react';
import {Platform, StyleSheet, Text, View, TouchableOpacity} from 'react-native';
import AppNavigator from "./app/navigation/AppNavigator";

type Props = {};
export default class App extends Component<Props> {
    render() {
        return (
            <AppNavigator/>
        );
    }
}

  可以看到,单个js文件中的路由以单个组件的形式提供,可以预见,在项目路由复杂,项目路由多这种情况下react-navigation也一样可以轻松的管理路由。具体的页面代码就不再展示,效果如下:

一起来学习React-Native之react-navigation基本解析

 

 

createSwitchNavigator

  switch,意思也比较明显,就是选择的意思。也就是说,当你使用这个路由时,内存中只会存在一个页面或者一个路由(多路由情况)。其实,大多数App都有一个欢迎界面,这个界面在App中只会显示一次,如果单单是使用栈的形式,不好控制出栈的操作,实现起来就比较复杂,那么我们的createSwitchNavigator就能派上用场了。当跳转到我们的主路由的时候,欢迎界面也就消失了。来看一下createSwitchNavigator中提供的参数:

 

  export function createSwitchNavigator(
    routeConfigMap: NavigationRouteConfigMap,
    switchConfig?: SwitchNavigatorConfig
  ): NavigationContainer;

 

  可以看到和createStackNavigator大同小意,也是一个路由管理集合,和一个可以对界面的总体设置,那么要实现我们上面想要的效果如何去做呢?其实也非常简单,代码如下:

import {
    createStackNavigator,
    createSwitchNavigator,
    createAppContainer,
    createBottomTabNavigator,
    createMaterialTopTabNavigator
} from 'react-navigation'
import SplashPage from "../page/Splash/SplashPage";
import HomePage from "../page/Home/HomePage";
import Feather from "react-native-vector-icons/Feather"
import Page1 from "../page/bottom/Page1";
import Page2 from "../page/bottom/Page2";
import Page3 from "../page/bottom/Page3";
import React from "react";
import Top1 from "../page/top/Top1";
import Top2 from "../page/top/Top2";
import Top3 from "../page/top/Top3";


const InitNavigator = createStackNavigator({
    Page1: {
        screen: Page1,
        navigationOptions: {
            header: null
        }
    },
    Page2: {
        screen: Page2,
        navigationOptions: {
            header: null
        }
    },
    Page3: {
        screen: Page3,
        navigationOptions: {
            header: null
        }
    },

},{

});


const AppRoot = createSwitchNavigator({
    SplashPage: {
        screen: SplashPage,
        navigationOptions: {
            header: null
        }
    },
    Main: InitNavigator,
});
export default createAppContainer(AppRoot);

  那么这个时候,我们的splash界面就不再是跳转到page1了。而是在AppRoot中的Main了

import BasePage from "../../base/BasePage";
import {Platform, StyleSheet, Text, View, TouchableOpacity} from 'react-native';
import React, {Component} from 'react';

export default class SplashPage extends BasePage {


    render() {
        return (
            <View style={{flex: 1, alignItems: 'center', justifyContent: 'center'}}>
                <TouchableOpacity onPress={() => {
                    this.goNextPage("Main")
                }}>
                    <Text>Splash</Text>
                </TouchableOpacity>
            </View>
        );
    }
}

  现在来看下效果

一起来学习React-Native之react-navigation基本解析

 

createBottomTabNavigator

  如果我们要实现类似微信首页多tab多界面的时候,createBottomTabNavigator就能派上用场了,他通过单个路由管理多个tab,我们来看一下实现的参数:

 

 export function createBottomTabNavigator(
    routeConfigMap: NavigationRouteConfigMap,
    drawConfig?: BottomTabNavigatorConfig
  ): NavigationContainer;

 

  哎呀,和前面两个一样,也是一个路由管理集合,和一个可以对界面的总体设置。具体设置属性的参数这里不多说,以后的文章会说到,我们把上面提到的两个路由结合起来,实现一个大部分App都有的一个正常路由流程。外部是个createSwitchNavigator做splash和主路由,主路由通过createStackNavigator用栈管理,但是第一个page我们使用createBottomTabNavigator做首页。那么代码如下:

import {
    createStackNavigator,
    createSwitchNavigator,
    createAppContainer,
    createBottomTabNavigator,
    createMaterialTopTabNavigator
} from 'react-navigation'
import SplashPage from "../page/Splash/SplashPage";
import HomePage from "../page/Home/HomePage";
import Feather from "react-native-vector-icons/Feather"
import Page1 from "../page/bottom/Page1";
import Page2 from "../page/bottom/Page2";
import Page3 from "../page/bottom/Page3";
import React from "react";
import Top1 from "../page/top/Top1";
import Top2 from "../page/top/Top2";
import Top3 from "../page/top/Top3";

let hotSelest = <Feather
    name={'activity'}
    size={26}
    color='red'
/>;
let hotUnSelest = <Feather
    name={'activity'}
    size={26}
/>;
let pointSelect = <Feather
    name={'thumbs-up'}
    size={26}
    color='red'
/>;
let pointUnSelect = <Feather
    name={'thumbs-up'}
    size={26}
/>;
let mineSelect = <Feather
    name={'user'}
    size={26}
    color='red'
/>;
let mineUnSelect = <Feather
    name={'user'}
    size={26}
/>;

const BottomNavigator = createBottomTabNavigator({
    Page1: {
        screen: Page1,
        navigationOptions: {
            tabBarLabel: '最热',
            tabBarIcon: ({tinColor, focused}) => (focused ? hotSelest : hotUnSelest)
        }
    },
    Page2: {
        screen: Page2,
        navigationOptions: {
            tabBarLabel: '点赞',
            tabBarIcon: ({tinColor, focused}) => (focused ? pointSelect : pointUnSelect)
        }
    },
    Page3: {
        screen: Page3,
        navigationOptions: {
            tabBarLabel: '我的',
            tabBarIcon: ({tinColor, focused}) => (focused ? mineSelect : mineUnSelect)
        }
    },
}, {
    tabBarOptions: {
        activeTintColor: '#e91e63',
        header: null,
    }
});

const InitNavigator = createStackNavigator({
    Page1: {
        screen: BottomNavigator,
        navigationOptions: {
            header: null
        }
    },
    Top1: {
        screen: Top1,
        navigationOptions: {
            header: null
        }
    },
    Top2: {
        screen: Top2,
        navigationOptions: {
            header: null
        }
    },

},{

});

const AppRoot = createSwitchNavigator({
    SplashPage: {
        screen: SplashPage,
        navigationOptions: {
            header: null
        }
    },
    Main: InitNavigator,
});
export default createAppContainer(AppRoot);

  通过设置lable,icon两个属性,设置图片和文字,这边没有图片,所以使用了一个三方库,有兴趣的可以了解一下。你也可以在,全局的设置当中设置是否显示lable和icon和文字选中颜色等等。首页的第一个界面点击之后会跳转到top界面,效果如下:

一起来学习React-Native之react-navigation基本解析

 

createMaterialTopTabNavigator

  同过实现一个material风格的顶部选择导航,相对于createBottomTabNavigator,有些属性不同。我们来看看实现方法:

export function createMaterialTopTabNavigator(
    routeConfigMap: NavigationRouteConfigMap,
    drawConfig?: TabNavigatorConfig
  ): NavigationContainer;

也是大同小异,具体的属性差别实践之后体会更加深刻,我也会在后面介绍,包括一下高级的用法。我们让首页第一个变成materialtop的风格,代码也是非常简单,我们在上面的基础上修改一下:

import {
    createStackNavigator,
    createSwitchNavigator,
    createAppContainer,
    createBottomTabNavigator,
    createMaterialTopTabNavigator
} from 'react-navigation'
import SplashPage from "../page/Splash/SplashPage";
import HomePage from "../page/Home/HomePage";
import Feather from "react-native-vector-icons/Feather"
import Page1 from "../page/bottom/Page1";
import Page2 from "../page/bottom/Page2";
import Page3 from "../page/bottom/Page3";
import React from "react";
import Top1 from "../page/top/Top1";
import Top2 from "../page/top/Top2";
import Top3 from "../page/top/Top3";


const TopNavigator= createMaterialTopTabNavigator({
    TopOne:{
        screen:Top1
    },
    TopTwo:{
        screen:Top2
    },
    TopThree:{
        screen:Top3
    },
});


let hotSelest = <Feather
    name={'activity'}
    size={26}
    color='red'
/>;
let hotUnSelest = <Feather
    name={'activity'}
    size={26}
/>;
let pointSelect = <Feather
    name={'thumbs-up'}
    size={26}
    color='red'
/>;
let pointUnSelect = <Feather
    name={'thumbs-up'}
    size={26}
/>;
let mineSelect = <Feather
    name={'user'}
    size={26}
    color='red'
/>;
let mineUnSelect = <Feather
    name={'user'}
    size={26}
/>;

const BottomNavigator = createBottomTabNavigator({
    Page1: {
        screen: TopNavigator,
        navigationOptions: {
            tabBarLabel: '最热',
            tabBarIcon: ({tinColor, focused}) => (focused ? hotSelest : hotUnSelest)
        }
    },
    Page2: {
        screen: Page2,
        navigationOptions: {
            tabBarLabel: '点赞',
            tabBarIcon: ({tinColor, focused}) => (focused ? pointSelect : pointUnSelect)
        }
    },
    Page3: {
        screen: Page3,
        navigationOptions: {
            tabBarLabel: '我的',
            tabBarIcon: ({tinColor, focused}) => (focused ? mineSelect : mineUnSelect)
        }
    },
}, {
    tabBarOptions: {
        activeTintColor: '#e91e63',
        header: null,
    }
});

const InitNavigator = createStackNavigator({
    Page1: {
        screen: BottomNavigator,
        navigationOptions: {
            header: null
        }
    },
    Top1: {
        screen: Top1,
        navigationOptions: {
            header: null
        }
    },
    Top2: {
        screen: Top2,
        navigationOptions: {
            header: null
        }
    },

},{

});
const AppRoot = createSwitchNavigator({
    SplashPage: {
        screen: SplashPage,
        navigationOptions: {
            header: null
        }
    },
    Main: InitNavigator,
});
export default createAppContainer(AppRoot);

 

 

  在createBottomTabNavigator的第一个界面,加入了materialtop的路由,来看看效果:

一起来学习React-Native之react-navigation基本解析

 

总结

 来做一个简单的总结:

 1.这几种路由无非就是两个参数,一个是界面的集合以及全局界面属性的设置,不同的路由属性不同,你也可以在单个界面设置他的属性。

 2.路由的使用需要通过createAppContainer包裹,他以一个组件的形式体现在我们的界面上,这也是新版本加上的,无疑让他更加的灵活。

 3.一个完整的App路由绝对不是单个路由那么简单的,要好好思考App的业务逻辑,设置出专属于你的路由,react-navigation完全能胜任这个工作。

 最后,核心代码都在上面,我就不贴项目连接了。

 

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