MyBatis进阶--接口代理方式实现Dao 和动态SQL

2024-04-10 17:29:24

MyBatis接口代理方式实现Dao层

接口代理方式-实现规则

传统方式实现Dao层，我们既要写接口。还要写实现类。而MyBatis框架可以帮助我们省略写Dao层接口实现类的步骤。程序员只需要编写接口，由MyBatis框架根据接口的定义来创

1该接口的动态代理对象。

实现规则：

　　1.映射配置文件中的名称空间必须和Dao层接口的全类名相同

　　2.映射配置文件中的增删改查标签的id属性必须和Dao层接口的方法名相同

　　3.映射配置文件中的增删改查标签的paramrterType属性必须和Dao层接口方法的参数相同

　　4.映射配置文件中的增删改查标签的resultType属性必须和Dao层接口方法的返回值相同

接口代理方式-代码实现

1.删除mapper层接口的实现类

2.修改映射配置文件

3.修改service层接口的实现类，采用接口代理方式实现功能

删除mapper层接口的实现类

修改映射配置文件

package com.itheima.service.impl;

import com.itheima.bean.Student;
import com.itheima.mapper.StudentMapper;
import com.itheima.service.StudentService;
import org.apache.ibatis.io.Resources;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactoryBuilder;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.util.List;
/*
    业务层实现类
 */
public class StudentServiceImpl implements StudentService {

    @Override
    public List<Student> selectAll() {
        List<Student> list = null;
        SqlSession sqlSession = null;
        InputStream is = null;
        try{
            //1.加载核心配置文件
            is = Resources.getResourceAsStream("MyBatisConfig.xml");

            //2.获取SqlSession工厂对象
            SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(is);

            //3.通过工厂对象获取SqlSession对象
            sqlSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession(true);

            //4.获取StudentMapper接口的实现类对象
            StudentMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(StudentMapper.class); // StudentMapper mapper = new StudentMapperImpl();

            //5.通过实现类对象调用方法，接收结果
            list = mapper.selectAll();

        } catch (Exception e) {

        } finally {
            //6.释放资源
            if(sqlSession != null) {
                sqlSession.close();
            }
            if(is != null) {
                try {
                    is.close();
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        }

        //7.返回结果
        return list;
    }

    @Override
    public Student selectById(Integer id) {
        Student stu = null;
        SqlSession sqlSession = null;
        InputStream is = null;
        try{
            //1.加载核心配置文件
            is = Resources.getResourceAsStream("MyBatisConfig.xml");

            //2.获取SqlSession工厂对象
            SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(is);

            //3.通过工厂对象获取SqlSession对象
            sqlSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession(true);

            //4.获取StudentMapper接口的实现类对象
            StudentMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(StudentMapper.class); // StudentMapper mapper = new StudentMapperImpl();

            //5.通过实现类对象调用方法，接收结果
            stu = mapper.selectById(id);

        } catch (Exception e) {

        } finally {
            //6.释放资源
            if(sqlSession != null) {
                sqlSession.close();
            }
            if(is != null) {
                try {
                    is.close();
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        }

        //7.返回结果
        return stu;
    }

    @Override
    public Integer insert(Student stu) {
        Integer result = null;
        SqlSession sqlSession = null;
        InputStream is = null;
        try{
            //1.加载核心配置文件
            is = Resources.getResourceAsStream("MyBatisConfig.xml");

            //2.获取SqlSession工厂对象
            SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(is);

            //3.通过工厂对象获取SqlSession对象
            sqlSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession(true);

            //4.获取StudentMapper接口的实现类对象
            StudentMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(StudentMapper.class); // StudentMapper mapper = new StudentMapperImpl();

            //5.通过实现类对象调用方法，接收结果
            result = mapper.insert(stu);

        } catch (Exception e) {

        } finally {
            //6.释放资源
            if(sqlSession != null) {
                sqlSession.close();
            }
            if(is != null) {
                try {
                    is.close();
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        }

        //7.返回结果
        return result;
    }

    @Override
    public Integer update(Student stu) {
        Integer result = null;
        SqlSession sqlSession = null;
        InputStream is = null;
        try{
            //1.加载核心配置文件
            is = Resources.getResourceAsStream("MyBatisConfig.xml");

            //2.获取SqlSession工厂对象
            SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(is);

            //3.通过工厂对象获取SqlSession对象
            sqlSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession(true);

            //4.获取StudentMapper接口的实现类对象
            StudentMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(StudentMapper.class); // StudentMapper mapper = new StudentMapperImpl();

            //5.通过实现类对象调用方法，接收结果
            result = mapper.update(stu);

        } catch (Exception e) {

        } finally {
            //6.释放资源
            if(sqlSession != null) {
                sqlSession.close();
            }
            if(is != null) {
                try {
                    is.close();
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        }

        //7.返回结果
        return result;
    }

    @Override
    public Integer delete(Integer id) {
        Integer result = null;
        SqlSession sqlSession = null;
        InputStream is = null;
        try{
            //1.加载核心配置文件
            is = Resources.getResourceAsStream("MyBatisConfig.xml");

            //2.获取SqlSession工厂对象
            SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(is);

            //3.通过工厂对象获取SqlSession对象
            sqlSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession(true);

            //4.获取StudentMapper接口的实现类对象
            StudentMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(StudentMapper.class); // StudentMapper mapper = new StudentMapperImpl();

            //5.通过实现类对象调用方法，接收结果
            result = mapper.delete(id);

        } catch (Exception e) {

        } finally {
            //6.释放资源
            if(sqlSession != null) {
                sqlSession.close();
            }
            if(is != null) {
                try {
                    is.close();
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        }

        //7.返回结果
        return result;
    }
}

修改service层接口的实现类，采用接口代理方式实现功能

接口代理方式-源码分析

分析动态代理对象如何生成的？

　　通过动态代理开发的模式，我们只需要编写一个接口，不写实现类，我们通过getMapper()方法最终获取到

org.apache.ibatis.binding.MapperProxy代理对象，然后执行功能，而这个代理对象正是MyBatis使用了JDK的动态代理技术，帮助我们生成了代理实现类对象。从而可以进行相关持久化操作。

分析方法是如何执行的？

　　动态代理的实现类对象再执行方法的时候最终调用了maperMethod.execute()方法，这个方法中通过switch语句根据操作类型来判断是新增，修改，删除，查询操作，最后一步回到了MMyBatis最原生的SqlSession方式来执行增删改查。

接口代理方式小结

接口代理方式可以让我们只编写接口即可，而实现类对象由MyBatis生成。

实现规则：

　　1.映射配置文件中的名称空间必须和Dao层接口的全类名相同

　　2.映射配置文件中的增删改查标签的id属性必须和Dao层接口的方法名相同

　　3.映射配置文件中的增删改查标签的paramrterType属性必须和Dao层接口方法的参数相同

　　4.映射配置文件中的增删改查标签的resultType属性必须和Dao层接口方法的返回值相同

获取动态代理对象

　　SqlSession功能类中的getMapper()方法

删除mapper中的实现类，保留接口

在StudentMapper.xml中修改 <mapper namespace="com.itheima.mapper.StudentMapper">

更改service包下 StudentServiceImpl文件

package com.itheima.service.impl;

import com.itheima.bean.Student;
import com.itheima.mapper.StudentMapper;
import com.itheima.service.StudentService;
import org.apache.ibatis.io.Resources;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactoryBuilder;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.util.List;
/*
    业务层实现类
 */
public class StudentServiceImpl implements StudentService {

    @Override
    public List<Student> selectAll() {
        List<Student> list = null;
        SqlSession sqlSession = null;
        InputStream is = null;
        try{
            //1.加载核心配置文件
            is = Resources.getResourceAsStream("MyBatisConfig.xml");

            //2.获取SqlSession工厂对象
            SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(is);

            //3.通过工厂对象获取SqlSession对象
            sqlSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession(true);

            //4.获取StudentMapper接口的实现类对象
            StudentMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(StudentMapper.class); // StudentMapper mapper = new StudentMapperImpl();

            //5.通过实现类对象调用方法，接收结果
            list = mapper.selectAll();

        } catch (Exception e) {

        } finally {
            //6.释放资源
            if(sqlSession != null) {
                sqlSession.close();
            }
            if(is != null) {
                try {
                    is.close();
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        }

        //7.返回结果
        return list;
    }

    @Override
    public Student selectById(Integer id) {
        Student stu = null;
        SqlSession sqlSession = null;
        InputStream is = null;
        try{
            //1.加载核心配置文件
            is = Resources.getResourceAsStream("MyBatisConfig.xml");

            //2.获取SqlSession工厂对象
            SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(is);

            //3.通过工厂对象获取SqlSession对象
            sqlSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession(true);

            //4.获取StudentMapper接口的实现类对象
            StudentMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(StudentMapper.class); // StudentMapper mapper = new StudentMapperImpl();

            //5.通过实现类对象调用方法，接收结果
            stu = mapper.selectById(id);

        } catch (Exception e) {

        } finally {
            //6.释放资源
            if(sqlSession != null) {
                sqlSession.close();
            }
            if(is != null) {
                try {
                    is.close();
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        }

        //7.返回结果
        return stu;
    }

    @Override
    public Integer insert(Student stu) {
        Integer result = null;
        SqlSession sqlSession = null;
        InputStream is = null;
        try{
            //1.加载核心配置文件
            is = Resources.getResourceAsStream("MyBatisConfig.xml");

            //2.获取SqlSession工厂对象
            SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(is);

            //3.通过工厂对象获取SqlSession对象
            sqlSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession(true);

            //4.获取StudentMapper接口的实现类对象
            StudentMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(StudentMapper.class); // StudentMapper mapper = new StudentMapperImpl();

            //5.通过实现类对象调用方法，接收结果
            result = mapper.insert(stu);

        } catch (Exception e) {

        } finally {
            //6.释放资源
            if(sqlSession != null) {
                sqlSession.close();
            }
            if(is != null) {
                try {
                    is.close();
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        }

        //7.返回结果
        return result;
    }

    @Override
    public Integer update(Student stu) {
        Integer result = null;
        SqlSession sqlSession = null;
        InputStream is = null;
        try{
            //1.加载核心配置文件
            is = Resources.getResourceAsStream("MyBatisConfig.xml");

            //2.获取SqlSession工厂对象
            SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(is);

            //3.通过工厂对象获取SqlSession对象
            sqlSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession(true);

            //4.获取StudentMapper接口的实现类对象
            StudentMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(StudentMapper.class); // StudentMapper mapper = new StudentMapperImpl();

            //5.通过实现类对象调用方法，接收结果
            result = mapper.update(stu);

        } catch (Exception e) {

        } finally {
            //6.释放资源
            if(sqlSession != null) {
                sqlSession.close();
            }
            if(is != null) {
                try {
                    is.close();
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        }

        //7.返回结果
        return result;
    }

    @Override
    public Integer delete(Integer id) {
        Integer result = null;
        SqlSession sqlSession = null;
        InputStream is = null;
        try{
            //1.加载核心配置文件
            is = Resources.getResourceAsStream("MyBatisConfig.xml");

            //2.获取SqlSession工厂对象
            SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(is);

            //3.通过工厂对象获取SqlSession对象
            sqlSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession(true);

            //4.获取StudentMapper接口的实现类对象
            StudentMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(StudentMapper.class); // StudentMapper mapper = new StudentMapperImpl();

            //5.通过实现类对象调用方法，接收结果
            result = mapper.delete(id);

        } catch (Exception e) {

        } finally {
            //6.释放资源
            if(sqlSession != null) {
                sqlSession.close();
            }
            if(is != null) {
                try {
                    is.close();
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        }

        //7.返回结果
        return result;
    }
}

　　创建dynamic下测试类Test01

package com.itheima.dynamic;

import com.itheima.bean.Student;
import com.itheima.mapper.StudentMapper;
import org.apache.ibatis.io.Resources;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactoryBuilder;
import org.junit.Test;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

public class Test01 {
    @Test
    public void selectCondition() throws Exception {
        InputStream is = Resources.getResourceAsStream("MyBatisConfig.xml");

        SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(is);

        SqlSession sqlSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession(true);

        StudentMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(StudentMapper.class);

        Student stu=new Student();
        stu.setId(2);
        stu.setName("李四");
        //stu.setAge(23);
        List<Student> list = mapper.selectCondition(stu);

        for (Student student:list){
            System.out.println(student);
        }
        sqlSession.close();
        is.close();
    }
    @Test
    public void selectByIds() throws Exception {
        InputStream is = Resources.getResourceAsStream("MyBatisConfig.xml");

        SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(is);

        SqlSession sqlSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession(true);

        StudentMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(StudentMapper.class);

       List<Integer> ids=new ArrayList<>();
       ids.add(1);
       ids.add(2);
        List<Student> list = mapper.selectByIds(ids);

        for (Student student:list){
            System.out.println(student);
        }
        sqlSession.close();
        is.close();
    }
}

MyBatis映射配置文件-----动态sql

动态SQL介绍

　　MyBatis映射配置文件中，前面我们的SQL都是比较简单的，有些时候业务逻辑复杂时，我们的SQL就时动态变化的，此时在前面学习的SQL就不能满足要求了。

　　多条件查询

　　id：3 name：王五 age：25

 select * from Student where id=#{id} and name=#{name} and age=#{age}

　　id：3 name：王五

 select * from Student where id=#{id} and name=#{name}

　　动态sql标签

<where>:条件标签。如果有动态条件，则使用该标签代替where关键字。

<if>:条件判断标签

<if test="条件判断">

    查询条件拼接
</if>

<foreach>:循环遍历标签。适用于多个参数或者的关系。

<foreach collection="" open="" close="" item="" separator="">
    获取参数
</foreach>

　属性：

　　collection：参数容器类型，（list-集合，array-数组）。

　　open：开始的sql语句

　　close：结束额sql语句

　　item：参数变量名

　　separator：分隔符

Sql片段抽取

我们可以将一些重复的SQL语句进行抽取，以达到复用的效果

<sql>:　　抽取SQL语句标签

<sql id ="片段唯一标识" >抽取的SQL语句</sql>

<include>:引入SQL片段标签

StudentMapper.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!--MyBatis的DTD约束-->
<!DOCTYPE mapper
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<!--
    mapper:核心根标签
    namespace属性：名称空间


-->
<mapper namespace="com.itheima.mapper.StudentMapper">
    <sql id="select">Select * FROM Student</sql>
    <!--
        select:查询功能的标签
        id属性:唯一标识
        resultType属性：指定结果映射对象的类型
        parameterType：指定参数映射对象类型
    -->
    <select id="selectAll" resultType="student">
        <include refid="select"/>
    </select>
    
    <select id="selectById" resultType="student" parameterType="int">
        <include refid="select"/> where id = #{id}
    </select>

    <insert id="insert" parameterType="student">
        Insert into Student values(#{id},#{name},#{age})
    </insert>

    <update id="update" parameterType="student">
        update Student set name =#{name},age=#{age} where id=#{id}
    </update>

    <delete id="delete" parameterType="int">
        delete from Student where id=#{id}
    </delete>
    <select id="selectCondition" resultType="student" parameterType="student">
        <include refid="select"/>
        <where>
            <if test="id!=null">
                id=#{id}
            </if>
            <if test="name!=null">
                and name=#{name}
            </if>
            <if test="age!=null">
                and age=#{age}
            </if>
        </where>
    </select>

    <select id="selectByIds" resultType="student" parameterType="list">
        <include refid="select"/>
        <where>
            <foreach collection="list" open="id in (" close=")" item="id" separator=",">
                #{id}
            </foreach>
        </where>
    </select>

</mapper>

　　动态SQL小结

动态SQL指的就是SQL语句可以根据条件或者参数的不同进行动态的变化

<where>:条件标签

<if>:里面有个test标签可以帮我们进行判断

<foreach>:循环遍历的标签 collection="list" open="id in (" close=")" item="id" separator=","

<sql>:抽取SQL片段的标签

<include>:引入SQL片段的标签

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