本节将(通过以下步骤)说明如何使用 MyBatis 开发一个简单的 Java 项目: 新建表 STUDENTS,插入样本数据
- 新建一个 Java 项目,将 MyBatis-3.2.2.jar 添加到 classpath 中
- 新建建 MyBatisSqlSessionFactory 单例模式类
- 新建映射器 StudentMapper 接口和 StudentService 类
- 新建一个 JUnit 测试类来测试 StudentService
1.3.1 新建表 STUDENTS,插入样本数据 使用以下 SQL 脚本往 MySQL 数据库中创建 STUDENTS 表插入样本数据: SQL Code
1 CREATE TABLE STUDENTS 2 ( 3 stud_id int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, 4 name varchar(50) NOT NULL, 5 email varchar(50) NOT NULL, 6 dob date DEFAULT NULL, 7 PRIMARY KEY (stud_id) 8 ) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=1 DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1; 9 /*Sample Data for the students table */ 10 insert into students(stud_id,name,email,dob) 11 values (1,'Student1','student1@gmail.com','1983-06-25'); 12 insert into students(stud_id,name,email,dob) 13 values (2,'Student2','student2@gmail.com','1983-06-25');
1.3.2 新建一个 Java 项目,将 MyBatis-3.2.2.jar 添加到 classpath 中 v> 让我们创建一个 Java 项目,并被指 MyBatis JAR 包依赖:
- 1. 创建一个 Java 项目,名为 mybatis-demo.
- 2. 如果你没有使用类似于 Maven 和 Gradle 之类的依赖管理构建工具,你需要手动下载这些依赖的 JAR 包,手动添加到 classpath 中.
- 3. 你可以从 http://code.google.com/p/mybatis 上下载 MyBatis 的发布包 mybatis-3.2.2.zip。这个包包
- 含了 mybatis-3.2.2.jar 文件和它的可选的依赖包如 slf4j/log4j 日志 jar 包.
- 4. 我们将使用 SLF4J 日志记录框架 和 log4j 一起记录日志。mybatis-3.2.2.zip 包含了 slf4j 这个依赖 jar包。
- 5. 解压 mybatis-3.2.2.zip 文件,将 mybatis-3.2.2.jar,lib/slf4j-api-1.7.5.jar, lib/slf-log4j12-1.7.5.jar,和 lib/log4j-1.2.17.jar 这些 jar 包添加到 classpath 中
- 6. 你可以从http://junit.org上 下 载JUnit JAR文 件 , 从
- http://www.mysql.com/downloads/connector/j/ 上下载 MySQL 数据库驱动
- 7. 将 junit-4.11.jar 和 mysql-connector-java-5.1.22.jar 添加到 classpath 中
- 8. 如果你正在使用 maven,配置这些 jar 包依赖就变得简单多了。在你的 pom.xml 中添加以下依赖即可:
XML Code
<dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId> <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId> <version>3.2.2</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>mysql</groupId> <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId> <version>5.1.22</version> <scope>runtime</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId> <artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId> <version>1.7.5</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId> <artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId> <version>1.7.5</version> <scope>runtime</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>log4j</groupId> <artifactId>log4j</artifactId> <version>1.2.17</version> <scope>runtime</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>junit</groupId> <artifactId>junit</artifactId> <version>4.11</version> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> </dependencies>
9.新建 log4j.properties 文件,添加到 classpath 中. NormalText Code
log4j.rootLogger=DEBUG, stdout log4j.appender.stdout=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender log4j.appender.stdout.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout log4j.appender.stdout.layout.ConversionPattern=%d [%-5p] %c - %m%n
1.3.3 新建 mybatis-config.xml 和映射器 StudentMapper.xml 配置文件
让我们来创建 MyBatis 的主要配置文件 mybatis-config.xml,其中包括数据库连接信息,类型别名等等;然后创 建一个包含了映射的 SQL 语句的 StudentMapper.xml 文件。 1. 创建 MyBatis 的主要配置文件 mybatis-config.xml,其中包括数据库连接信息,类型别名等等,然后将其加 到 classpath 中; XML Code
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <!DOCTYPE configuration PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd"> <configuration> <typeAliases> <typeAlias alias="Student" type="entity.Student" /> </typeAliases> <environments default="development"> <environment id="development"> <transactionManager type="JDBC" /> <dataSource type="POOLED"> <property name="driver" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver" /> <property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test" /> <property name="username" value="root" /> <property name="password" value="root" /> </dataSource> </environment> </environments> <mappers> <mapper resource="mappers/StudentMapper.xml" /> </mappers> </configuration>
2. 创建 SQL 映射器 XML 配置文件 StudentMapper.xml 并且将它放在 com.mybatis3.mappers 包中 XML Code
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd"> <mapper namespace="mappers.StudentMapper"> <resultMap type="Student" id="StudentResult"> <id property="studId" column="stud_id" /> <result property="name" column="name" /> <result property="email" column="email" /> <result property="dob" column="dob" /> </resultMap> <select id="findAllStudents" resultMap="StudentResult"> SELECT * FROM STUDENTS </select> <select id="findStudentById" parameterType="int" resultType="Student"> SELECT STUD_ID AS STUDID, NAME, EMAIL, DOB FROM STUDENTS WHERE STUD_ID=#{Id} </select> <insert id="insertStudent" parameterType="Student"> INSERT INTO STUDENTS(STUD_ID,NAME,EMAIL,DOB) VALUES(#{studId },#{name},#{email},#{dob}) </insert> </mapper>
上述的 StudentMapper,xml 文件包含的映射的 SQL 语句可以通过 ID 加上名空间调用。
1.3.4 新建 MyBatisSqlSessionFactory 单例类 新建 MyBatisSqlSessionFactory.java 类文件,实例化它,使其持有一个 SqlSessionFactory 单例对象: Java Code
package util; import java.io.*; import org.apache.ibatis.io.Resources; import org.apache.ibatis.session.*; public class MyBatisSqlSessionFactory { private static SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory; public static SqlSessionFactory getSqlSessionFactory() { if(sqlSessionFactory == null) { InputStream inputStream; try { inputStream = Resources. getResourceAsStream("mybatis-config.xml"); sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(inputStream); } catch (IOException e) { throw new RuntimeException(e.getCause()); } } return sqlSessionFactory; } public static SqlSession openSession() { return getSqlSessionFactory().openSession(); } }上述的代码段中,我们创建了一个 SqlSessionFactory 对象,我们将使用它来获得 SqlSession 对象和执行映射的 SQL 语句。
1.3.5 新建 StudentMapper 接口和 StudentService 类 让我们创建一个 StudentMapper 接口,其定义的方法名和在 Mapper XML 配置文件定义的 SQL 映射语句名称相同; 在创建一个 StudentService.java 类,包含了一些业务操作的实现。 1. 首先, 创建 JavaBean Student.java Java Code
package com.mybatis3.domain; import java.util.Date; public class Student { private Integer studId; private String name; private String email; private Date dob; // setters and getters }
2. 创建映射器 Mapper 接口 StudentMapper.java 其方法签名和 StudentMapper.xml 中定义的 SQL 映射定义名 相同 Java Code
package mappers; import java.util.List; import entity.Student; public interface StudentMapper { List<Student> findAllStudents(); Student findStudentById(Integer id); void insertStudent(Student student); }
3. 现在创建 StudentService.java 实现对表 STUDENTS 的数据库操作 Java Code
package services; import java.util.List; import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession; import org.slf4j.Logger; import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory; import entity.Student; import mappers.StudentMapper; import util.MyBatisSqlSessionFactory; public class StudentService { private Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(getClass()); public List<Student> findAllStudents() { SqlSession sqlSession = MyBatisSqlSessionFactory.openSession(); try { StudentMapper studentMapper = sqlSession.getMapper(StudentMapper.class); return studentMapper.findAllStudents(); } finally { //If sqlSession is not closed //then database Connection associated this sqlSession will not be returned to pool //and application may run out of connections. sqlSession.close(); } } public Student findStudentById(Integer studId) { logger.debug("Select Student By ID :{}", studId); SqlSession sqlSession = MyBatisSqlSessionFactory.openSession(); try { StudentMapper studentMapper = sqlSession.getMapper(StudentMapper.class); return studentMapper.findStudentById(studId); } finally { sqlSession.close(); } } public void createStudent(Student student) { SqlSession sqlSession = MyBatisSqlSessionFactory.openSession(); try { StudentMapper studentMapper = sqlSession.getMapper(StudentMapper.class); studentMapper.insertStudent(student); sqlSession.commit(); } finally { sqlSession.close(); } } }
1.3.6 新建一个 JUnit 测试类来测试 StudentService27 新建一个 JUnit 测试类测试 StudentSerivce.java 中定义的方法。 Java Code
import java.util.*; import org.junit.*; import entity.Student; import services.StudentService; public class StudentTest { private static StudentService studentService; @BeforeClass public static void setup() { studentService = new StudentService(); } @AfterClass public static void teardown() { studentService = null; } @Test public void testFindAllStudents() { List<Student> students = studentService.findAllStudents(); Assert.assertNotNull(students); for (Student student : students) { System.out.println(student); } } @Test public void testFindStudentById() { Student student = studentService.findStudentById(1); Assert.assertNotNull(student); System.out.println(student); } @Test public void testCreateStudent() { Student student = new Student(); int id = 3; student.setStudId(id); student.setName("student_" + id); student.setEmail("student_" + id + "gmail.com"); student.setDob(new Date()); studentService.createStudent(student); Student newStudent = studentService.findStudentById(id); Assert.assertNotNull(newStudent); } }