【LeetCode】604. Design Compressed String Iterator 解题报告(C++)


题目地址:https://leetcode-cn.com/problems/design-compressed-string-iterator/

题目描述

Design and implement a data structure for a compressed string iterator. It should support the following operations: next and hasNext.

The given compressed string will be in the form of each letter followed by a positive integer representing the number of this letter existing in the original uncompressed string.

  • next() - if the original string still has uncompressed characters, return the next letter; Otherwise return a white space.
  • hasNext() - Judge whether there is any letter needs to be uncompressed.

Note:

  • Please remember to RESET your class variables declared in StringIterator, as static/class variables are persisted across multiple test cases. Please see here for more details.

Example:

StringIterator iterator = new StringIterator("L1e2t1C1o1d1e1");

iterator.next(); // return 'L'
iterator.next(); // return 'e'
iterator.next(); // return 'e'
iterator.next(); // return 't'
iterator.next(); // return 'C'
iterator.next(); // return 'o'
iterator.next(); // return 'd'
iterator.hasNext(); // return true
iterator.next(); // return 'e'
iterator.hasNext(); // return false
iterator.next(); // return ' '

题目大意

对于一个压缩字符串,设计一个数据结构,它支持如下两种操作: next 和 hasNext。
给定的压缩字符串格式为:每个字母后面紧跟一个正整数,这个整数表示该字母在解压后的字符串里连续出现的次数。

  • next() - 如果压缩字符串仍然有字母未被解压,则返回下一个字母,否则返回一个空格。
  • hasNext() - 判断是否还有字母仍然没被解压。

解题方法

维护当前字符和次数

这个题是很常见的题目,使用变量分别保存当前的字符以及其出现的次数,如果所有的字符都用完则没有下一个字符了。

注意两点:

  1. 字符出现的次数可能>=10
  2. 最后一个字符用完时才算结束

C++代码如下:

class StringIterator {
public:
StringIterator(string compressedString) {
str = compressedString;
index = 0;
cur = ' ';
count = 0;
} char next() {
if (!hasNext()) {
return ' ';
}
if (count != 0) {
count --;
return cur;
}
cur = str[index];
index ++;
while (str[index] >= '0' && str[index] <= '9') {
count = 10 * count + str[index] - '0';
index ++;
}
count --;
return cur;
} bool hasNext() {
return index < str.size() || count != 0;
}
private:
string str;
int index;
char cur;
int count;
}; /**
* Your StringIterator object will be instantiated and called as such:
* StringIterator* obj = new StringIterator(compressedString);
* char param_1 = obj->next();
* bool param_2 = obj->hasNext();
*/

日期

2019 年 9 月 19 日 —— 举杯邀明月,对影成三人

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