网上看到一些Spring + Spring MVC + MyBatis框架的搭建教程,不是很详细或是时间久远了,自己动手整一个简单无脑的!
0、系统环境
1)Windows 10 企业版
2)JDK 1.8.0_131
3)Eclipse Java EE IDE for Web Developers Version: Neon.3 Release (4.6.3)
4)Tomcat 8.5
1、maven下载及配置
maven的下载地址:http://maven.apache.org/download.cgi
下载后解压放在d:\Java路径下
在环境变量中,新增系统变量名:MAVEN_HOME,变量值:D:\Java\maven
在Path中追加:%MAVEN_HOME%\bin;
在命令行窗口中输入:mvn –v,如果看见下图则说明maven安装配置完毕
2、maven仓库的设置
maven仓库默认位置在系统用户目录下的.m2目录中,类似下图
因为众所周知的原因,直接访问maven公共仓库的速度比较慢,所以推荐使用阿里的maven仓库镜像。编辑setting.xml文件,在mirrors节点下,新增如下内容,这样从仓库中下载jar包速度上会快很多。
<mirror>
<id>nexus-aliyun</id>
<mirrorOf>*</mirrorOf>
<name>Nexus aliyun</name>
<url>http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/groups/public</url>
</mirror>
3、eclipse整合maven
设置eclipse自带maven整合工具,在Preferences中找到Maven节点,观察User Settings项的设置是否正确
点击Installations节点,添加maven runtime
4、创建maven项目时设置JDK
问题描述:eclipse创建maven项目时,显示的JDK默认版本为1.5,实际使用的JDK为1.8,如何修改?
解决方案:找到本机maven仓库存放位置,比如:${user.home}/.m2/路径,编辑settings.xml文件,在profiles节点下配置
<profile> <id>jdk-1.8</id> <activation> <activeByDefault>true</activeByDefault> <jdk>1.8</jdk> </activation> <properties> <maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source> <maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target> <maven.compiler.compilerVersion>1.8</maven.compiler.compilerVersion> </properties> </profile>
5、使用maven创建SSM项目
1)选择Maven Project
2)点击Next,选择默认工作空间位置
3)选择web类型
4)填写GroupID、ArtifactID
Group ID:相当于一个组织
Artifact ID:相当于这个组织下的一个具体项目
Packege:根据Group ID和Artifact ID生成一个默认的名称
5)创建出的maven项目如下图
6)问题描述:提示错误:
在eclipse中设置Server为Tomcat,注意JRE设置为安装的JDK的jre
在工程上右键,查看工程属性,找到Java Build Path,添加Server Runtime为Tomcat
点击Finish后,项目工程变为下图
7)在项目上右键,查看项目信息
默认的Dynamic Web Module为2.3,使用Tomcat 8.5,需要修改为3.1
修改方法:
① maven工程所在目录下org.eclipse.wst.common.project.facet.core.xml
编辑内容,如下所示
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <faceted-project> <fixed facet="wst.jsdt.web"/> <installed facet="java" version="1.8"/> <installed facet="jst.web" version="2.3"/> <installed facet="wst.jsdt.web" version="1.0"/> </faceted-project>
改为
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <faceted-project> <fixed facet="wst.jsdt.web"/> <installed facet="java" version="1.8"/> <installed facet="jst.web" version="3.1"/> <installed facet="wst.jsdt.web" version="1.0"/> </faceted-project>
② maven工程下的web.xml文件修改为
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd"
version="3.1" metadata-complete="true">
</web-app>
③ pom.xml文件中修改build节点,添加如下内容
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
<configuration>
<source>1.8</source>
<target>1.8</target>
</configuration>
</plugin>
</plugins>
④ 修改后,在项目上右键,找到Maven属性下的Update Project,点击之
⑤ 选择该项目进行更新,如果怕不能强制更新,可以勾选Force Update of Snapshots/Releases
⑥ 点击OK后更新maven项目,再观察项目属性,Module已经变为3.1
6、下载ssm框架所需jar包
修改pom.xml内容为:
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>cn.temptation</groupId>
<artifactId>ssm</artifactId>
<packaging>war</packaging>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<name>ssm Maven Webapp</name>
<url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
<properties>
<!-- Spring版本号 -->
<spring.version>4.3.8.RELEASE</spring.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<!-- Spring相关包 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency> <!-- AOP相关包 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.aspectj</groupId>
<artifactId>aspectjrt</artifactId>
<version>1.8.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.aspectj</groupId>
<artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId>
<version>1.8.0</version>
</dependency> <!-- MyBatis相关包 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
<version>3.3.0</version>
</dependency>
<!-- MySQL相关包 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>5.1.26</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 数据库连接池 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>druid</artifactId>
<version>1.0.20</version>
</dependency> <!-- Spring集成MyBatis -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
<version>1.2.3</version>
</dependency> <!-- JSP标准标签库 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
<version>1.2</version>
</dependency> <!-- 日志相关包 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>log4j</groupId>
<artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
<version>1.2.17</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
<artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
<version>1.7.21</version>
</dependency> <!-- 单元测试相关包 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>3.8.1</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<finalName>ssm</finalName>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
<configuration>
<source>1.8</source>
<target>1.8</target>
</configuration>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
保存后,可以看到相关jar包被下载至本地仓库
7、完善项目结构
因为服务端maven项目的标准结构有四个子包:src/main/java、src/main/resources、src/test/java、src/test/resources,这里缺少了src/test/resources,所以手动补上。
在项目中新建Source Folder
创建src/test/resources目录后,工程如下图所示
右键查看项目属性,点击Deployment Assembly,移除test和target
移除后如下图
8、创建项目用的配置文件
创建log4j.properties文件,内容如下:
#USE THIS SETTING FOR OUTPUT MYBATIS`s SQL ON THE CONSOLE
log4j.rootLogger=DEBUG, Console #Console
log4j.appender.Console=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender
log4j.appender.Console.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.Console.layout.ConversionPattern=%d [%t] %-5p [%c] - %m%n log4j.logger.java.sql.ResultSet=INFO
log4j.logger.org.apache=INFO
log4j.logger.java.sql.Connection=DEBUG
log4j.logger.java.sql.Statement=DEBUG
log4j.logger.java.sql.PreparedStatement=DEBUG
创建mybatis-config.xml文件,内容如下:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>
<!-- 设置别名 -->
<typeAliases>
<package name="cn.temptation.domain" />
</typeAliases>
</configuration>
创建spring-mvc.xml文件,内容如下:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xsi:schemaLocation="
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd"> <!-- 启动自动扫描 -->
<context:component-scan base-package="cn.temptation.*" /> <!-- 注册MVC注解驱动 -->
<mvc:annotation-driven /> <!-- 静态资源可访问的设置方式 -->
<mvc:default-servlet-handler /> <!-- 配置视图解析器,可以显式设置,也可以不设置,不设置会依据SpringMVC的默认设置 -->
<bean id="viewResolver"
class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<property name="prefix" value="/" />
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />
</bean>
</beans>
创建spring-mybatis.xml文件,内容如下:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd"> <!-- 定义数据源Bean -->
<!-- Druid -->
<bean id="dataSource" class="com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource">
<property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test" />
<property name="username" value="root" />
<property name="password" value="sa" />
</bean> <!-- 注册SqlSessionFactoryBean -->
<bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
<!-- 自动扫描mappers.xml文件 -->
<property name="mapperLocations" value="classpath:cn/temptation/dao/*.xml" />
<property name="configLocation" value="classpath:mybatis-config.xml"></property>
</bean> <!-- DAO接口所在包名,Spring会自动查找其下的类 -->
<bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
<property name="basePackage" value="cn.temptation.dao" />
<property name="sqlSessionFactoryBeanName" value="sqlSessionFactory" />
</bean>
</beans>
创建spring-tx.xml文件,内容如下:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xsi:schemaLocation="
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd"> <!-- 开启AOP注解扫描 -->
<aop:aspectj-autoproxy proxy-target-class="true" /> <!-- 事务管理器,依赖于数据源 -->
<bean id="txManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
</bean> <!-- 编写通知:对事务进行增强(通知),需要编写对切入点和具体执行事务细节 -->
<tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="txManager">
<tx:attributes>
<!--
为切入点方法添加事务详情
name:方法名,*表示任意方法名称
propagation:设置传播行为
isolation:设置隔离级别
read-only:是否只读
-->
<tx:method name="add*" propagation="REQUIRED" isolation="DEFAULT" read-only="false" rollback-for="Exception" />
<tx:method name="delete*" propagation="REQUIRED" isolation="DEFAULT" read-only="false" rollback-for="Exception" />
<tx:method name="update*" propagation="REQUIRED" isolation="DEFAULT" read-only="false" rollback-for="Exception" />
</tx:attributes>
</tx:advice> <!-- 设置AOP,让Spring自动对目标生成代理,需要使用AspectJ表达式 -->
<aop:config proxy-target-class="true">
<!-- 切面:整合切入点和通知 -->
<aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice" pointcut="within(cn.temptation.web..*)" />
</aop:config>
</beans>
修改web.xml文件,内容如下:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd"
version="3.1" metadata-complete="true"> <!-- 指定Spring配置文件位置 -->
<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:spring-*.xml</param-value>
</context-param> <!-- 注册ServletContext监听器 -->
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener> <!-- 注册字符集过滤器 -->
<filter>
<filter-name>characterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
<!-- 指定字符集编码 -->
<init-param>
<param-name>encoding</param-name>
<param-value>utf-8</param-value>
</init-param>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>characterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping> <!-- 注册前端控制器 -->
<servlet>
<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:spring-mvc.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping> </web-app>
9、编写服务端代码
编写User实体类,代码如下:
package cn.temptation.domain; /**
* 用户信息
*/
public class User {
// 成员变量
private Integer userid;
private String username;
private String password; // 构造函数
public User() {
super();
} public User(Integer userid, String username, String password) {
super();
this.userid = userid;
this.username = username;
this.password = password;
} // 成员方法
public Integer getUserid() {
return userid;
} public void setUserid(Integer userid) {
this.userid = userid;
} public String getUsername() {
return username;
} public void setUsername(String username) {
this.username = username;
} public String getPassword() {
return password;
} public void setPassword(String password) {
this.password = password;
}
}
编写UserController控制器,代码如下:
package cn.temptation.web; import javax.annotation.Resource;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession; import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView; import cn.temptation.dao.UserDao;
import cn.temptation.domain.User; /**
* 用户控制器
*/
@Controller
@RequestMapping(value = "/user")
public class UserController {
@Resource
private UserDao userDao; @RequestMapping("/view")
public String view() {
return "main/login";
} @RequestMapping("/indexview")
public String index() {
return "main/index";
} @RequestMapping(value = "/login", method = RequestMethod.POST)
public ModelAndView login(User model, HttpSession session) {
User user = userDao.findByUsername(model.getUsername()); if (user == null || !user.getPassword().equals(model.getPassword())) {
return new ModelAndView("redirect:/login.jsp");
} else {
session.setAttribute("user", user);
ModelAndView mav = new ModelAndView();
mav.setViewName("index");
return mav;
}
}
}
编写UserDao数据访问层接口,代码如下:
package cn.temptation.dao; import cn.temptation.domain.User; public interface UserDao {
public abstract User findByUsername(String username);
}
编写UserMapper.xml数据访问层映射文件,代码如下:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="cn.temptation.dao.UserDao">
<select id="findByUsername" parameterType="string" resultType="User">
SELECT * FROM userinfo WHERE username=#{username}
</select>
</mapper>
10、编写客户端代码
编写login.jsp登录页,代码如下:
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>登录</title>
</head>
<body>
<form action="user/login" method="post">
<label>账号:</label>
<input type="text" id="txtUsername" name="username" placeholder="请输入账号" /><br/>
<label>密码:</label>
<input type="password" id="txtPassword" name="password" placeholder="请输入密码" /><br/>
<input type="submit" value="提交" />
<input type="reset" value="重置" />
</form>
</body>
</html>
编写index.jsp主页,代码如下:
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>主页</title>
</head>
<body>
<h3>欢迎,${user.username }</h3>
</body>
</html>
11、使用maven构建项目
在项目上右键,找到Maven属性的Update Project,也可以Alt+F5操作
修改项目编译路径为JRE系统类库,否则后续操作出错
项目上右键,找到Run As属性,找到Maven install
点击执行,结果如下说明构建成功
项目运行还是使用web工程的部署运行方式
运行项目,观察是否报错
登录页面
登录成功,跳转到主页
12、补充说明
不少朋友公司使用的是Jetty这个开源的Servlet容器,修改一下配置即可使用
编辑pom.xml文件,在build节点下的plugins节点中,新增jetty插件
注意:
Jetty 7 必须 JDK 1.5+,Servlet 2.5,类似于 Tomcat 6:
<plugin>
<groupId>org.mortbay.jetty</groupId>
<artifactId>jetty-maven-plugin</artifactId>
<version>7.6.17.v20150415</version>
</plugin>
Jetty 8 必须 JDK 1.6+,Servlet 3.0,类似于 Tomcat 7:
<plugin>
<groupId>org.mortbay.jetty</groupId>
<artifactId>jetty-maven-plugin</artifactId>
<version>8.1.16.v20140903</version>
</plugin>
Jetty 9 必须 JDK 1.7+,Servlet 3.0+,类似于 Tomcat 8:
<plugin>
<groupId>org.eclipse.jetty</groupId>
<artifactId>jetty-maven-plugin</artifactId>
<version>9.2.10.v20150310</version>
<configuration>
<!-- 配置表示新代码的扫描时间间隔(秒),值 <= 0 表示不扫描 -->
<scanIntervalSeconds>10</scanIntervalSeconds>
<webApp>
<!-- web项目根路径 -->
<contextPath>/ssm</contextPath>
</webApp>
</configuration>
</plugin>
添加完配置后保存文件,重新Maven----->update project,再检查一下项目工程的Java Build Path是否修改
在项目工程上右键,找到RunAs----->Maven Build...
再设置Goals
最后应用执行,如果看见下图说明服务器启动完毕