悲催的12306，彻底沦为各路抢票软件的服务提供方。元旦伊始，纯粹12306官网及APP抢票，愈一周的时间，仅到手一张凌晨3:55回家的站票。为远离脑残，无奈选择抢票软件，预购年后返沪车票。BTW，研究一下抢票脚本的实现思路，参考：（https://juejin.im/post/5b116504f265da6e0636cbc2 - Python3.6实现12306火车票自动抢票）。
在原作者之上，对执行代码做了以下处理：
- 删除短信/邮件通知功能
- 删除控制台输入功能
- 新增登陆cookie的刷新
- 新增多车次抢票
- 新增多座位类型抢票
注：使用 splinter.browser 在调用时，注意将 chrome驱动路径（chromedriver.exe所在）配置在环境变量 - path 下。
代码如下：
#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*- from splinter.browser import Browser
from time import sleep
import sys class BrushTicket(object):
"""买票类及实现方法"""
def __init__(self, passengers, from_time, from_station, to_station, number_seat):
"""定义实例属性，初始化"""
# 乘客姓名
self.passengers = passengers
# 起始站和终点站
self.from_station = from_station
self.to_station = to_station
# 乘车日期
self.from_time = from_time
# 车次 - 座位 dict
num_seat_dic = {}
for num_seat in number_seat:
use = num_seat.split(':')
num = use[0]
seats = use[1]
seats_use = seats.split(',')
seat_str = ''
for seat in seats_use:
# 座位类型所在td位置
if seat == '商务座特等座':
seat_type_index = 1
seat_type_value = 9
elif seat == '一等座':
seat_type_index = 2
seat_type_value = 'M'
elif seat == '二等座':
seat_type_index = 3
seat_type_value = 0
elif seat == '高级软卧':
seat_type_index = 4
seat_type_value = 6
elif seat == '软卧':
seat_type_index = 5
seat_type_value = 4
elif seat == '动卧':
seat_type_index = 6
seat_type_value = 'F'
elif seat == '硬卧':
seat_type_index = 7
seat_type_value = 3
elif seat == '软座':
seat_type_index = 8
seat_type_value = 2
elif seat == '硬座':
seat_type_index = 9
seat_type_value = 1
elif seat == '无座':
seat_type_index = 10
seat_type_value = 1
elif seat == '其他':
seat_type_index = 11
seat_type_value = 1
else:
seat_type_index = 7
seat_type_value = 3
seat_str += (str(seat_type_index) + '-' + str(seat_type_value) + ',')
num_seat_dic[num] = seat_str
self.num_seat_dic = num_seat_dic
# 新版12306官网主要页面网址
self.login_url = 'https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/resources/login.html'
self.init_my_url = 'https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/view/index.html'
self.ticket_url = 'https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/leftTicket/init?linktypeid=dc'
# 浏览器驱动信息，驱动下载页：https://sites.google.com/a/chromium.org/chromedriver/downloads
self.driver_name = 'chrome'
self.driver = Browser("chrome")
def do_login(self):
"""登录功能实现，手动识别验证码进行登录"""
self.driver.visit(self.login_url)
sleep(1)
# 选择登陆方式登陆
print('请扫码登陆或者账号登陆……')
while True:
if self.driver.url != self.init_my_url:
sleep(1)
else:
break
def start_brush(self):
"""买票功能实现"""
# 浏览器窗口最大化
self.driver.driver.maximize_window()
# 登陆
self.do_login()
# 跳转到抢票页面
self.driver.visit(self.ticket_url)
try:
print('开始刷票……')
# 加载车票查询信息
self.driver.cookies.add({"_jc_save_fromStation": self.from_station})
self.driver.cookies.add({"_jc_save_toStation": self.to_station})
self.driver.cookies.add({"_jc_save_fromDate": self.from_time})
self.driver.reload()
count = 0
while self.driver.url == self.ticket_url:
self.driver.find_by_text('查询').click()
sleep(1)
count += 1
print('第%d次点击查询……' % count)
if count % 50 == 0:
self.driver.find_by_id('login_user').click()
sleep(1)
self.driver.visit(self.ticket_url)
sleep(1)
print('继续刷票......')
# 加载车票查询信息
self.driver.cookies.add({"_jc_save_fromStation": self.from_station})
self.driver.cookies.add({"_jc_save_toStation": self.to_station})
self.driver.cookies.add({"_jc_save_fromDate": self.from_time})
self.driver.reload()
if self.driver.url == self.ticket_url:
continue
try:
# 多车次处理
for bander in self.num_seat_dic.keys():
current_tr = self.driver.find_by_xpath('//tr[@datatran="' + bander + '"]/preceding-sibling::tr[1]')
if current_tr:
# 多座次处理
seat_value = self.num_seat_dic[bander]
seat_split = seat_value.split(',')
for seat in seat_split:
if seat:
seat_type = seat.split('-')
seat_type_index = int(seat_type[0])
seat_type_value = int(seat_type[1])
if current_tr.find_by_tag('td')[seat_type_index].text == '--':
print(bander + ' 还未出售')
sleep(1)
elif current_tr.find_by_tag('td')[seat_type_index].text == '无':
print(bander + ' 无票，继续尝试……')
sleep(1)
else:
# 有票，尝试预订
print(bander + ' 刷到票了（余票数：' + str(
current_tr.find_by_tag('td')[seat_type_index].text) + '），开始尝试预订……')
current_tr.find_by_css('td.no-br>a')[0].click()
sleep(1)
key_value = 1
for p in self.passengers:
# 选择用户
print('开始选择用户……')
self.driver.find_by_text(p).last.click()
# 选择座位类型
print('开始选择席别……')
if seat_type_value != 0:
self.driver.find_by_xpath(
"//select[@id='seatType_" + str(key_value) + "']/option[@value='" + str(
seat_type_value) + "']").first.click()
key_value += 1
sleep(0.2)
if p[-1] == ')':
self.driver.find_by_id('dialog_xsertcj_ok').click()
print('正在提交订单……')
self.driver.find_by_id('submitOrder_id').click()
sleep(2)
# 查看放回结果是否正常
submit_false_info = self.driver.find_by_id('orderResultInfo_id')[0].text
if submit_false_info != '':
print(submit_false_info)
self.driver.find_by_id('qr_closeTranforDialog_id').click()
sleep(0.2)
self.driver.find_by_id('preStep_id').click()
sleep(0.3)
continue
print('正在确认订单……')
self.driver.find_by_id('qr_submit_id').click()
print('预订成功，请及时前往支付……')
else:
print('不存在当前车次【%s】，已结束当前刷票，请重新开启！' % self.number)
sys.exit(1)
except Exception as error_info:
print(error_info)
except Exception as error_info:
print(error_info)
if __name__ == '__main__':
# nya
passengers=['***'] # 用户名
from_time='2019-02-01' # 出发日期
from_station='%u4E0A%u6D77%2CSHH' # 起始站点 - 来自12306 余票查询 请求 - cookie （此处 - 上海）
to_station='%u6C11%u6743%2CMQF' # 结束站点 （此处 - 民权）
number_seat=['K4054:硬座,无座','K4168:硬座,无座'] # 车次：座位类型
# 开始抢票
ticket = BrushTicket(passengers, from_time, from_station, to_station, number_seat)
ticket.start_brush()