生产环境可用mysql5.7.23安装全过程

2023-07-23 12:30:52

生产环境安装5.7.23全过程

先执行initialization.sh优化脚本详情见 Linux

在安装mysql前，需要先查看一下是否清空了系统自带了mysql
我们这里需要删除系统自带了mysql lib

我们先把mysql放置在/opt下
先上传与线上版本一致的

[root@prd3-mysql01-180 opt]# cat /etc/redhat-release 
CentOS release 6.5 (Final)

[root@prd3-mysql-0-36 opt]# ll
total 629320
-rw-r--r--  1 root root      7214 Mar 27 17:37 initialization.sh
-rw-r--r--  1 root root 644399365 Oct 13  2018 mysql-5.7.23-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root      4096 Nov 22  2013 rh
drwxr-xr-x  2 root root      4096 Apr 23 16:34 scripts

第一步：删除过期系统自带的lib

[root@prd3-mysql-0-36 opt]# rpm -qa|grep mysql
mysql-libs-5.1.71-1.el6.x86_64
[root@prd3-mysql-0-36 opt]# find / -name "mysql"
/usr/share/mysql
/usr/lib64/mysql
[root@prd3-mysql-0-36 opt]# rpm -e --nodeps mysql-libs-5.1.71-1.el6.x86_64
[root@prd3-mysql-0-36 opt]# rpm -qa|grep mysql                            
[root@prd3-mysql-0-36 opt]# find / -name "mysql"

第二步创建mysql的用户

[root@prd3-mysql-0-36 opt]# groupadd mysql
[root@prd3-mysql-0-36 opt]# useradd -r -g mysql -s /bin/false mysql

第三步创建mysql的数据目录
[root@prd3-mysql-0-36 opt]# mkdir -p /ivargo/data/mysql

第三步：解压 mysql安装包到/usr/local 下

[root@prd3-mysql-0-36 opt]# tar -zxvf mysql-5.7.23-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz -C /usr/local/
...
...
...

[root@prd3-mysql-0-36 opt]# cd /usr/local/
[root@prd3-mysql-0-36 local]# ll
total 44
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Sep 23  2011 bin
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Sep 23  2011 etc
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Sep 23  2011 games
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Sep 23  2011 include
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Sep 23  2011 lib
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Sep 23  2011 lib64
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Sep 23  2011 libexec
drwxr-xr-x  9 root root 4096 Apr 23 17:12 mysql-5.7.23-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Sep 23  2011 sbin
drwxr-xr-x. 5 root root 4096 Apr 16  2018 share
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Sep 23  2011 src
到这来有2个方式，方式是  //一个是直接mv 一个是用ln -s 软连接

在这里我们实现和生产上一样的，用mv

第四步：创建/usr/local/mysql
[root@prd3-mysql-0-36 local]# mkdir mysql
[root@prd3-mysql-0-36 local]# ll
total 48
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Sep 23  2011 bin
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Sep 23  2011 etc
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Sep 23  2011 games
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Sep 23  2011 include
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Sep 23  2011 lib
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Sep 23  2011 lib64
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Sep 23  2011 libexec
drwxr-xr-x  2 root root 4096 Apr 23 17:20 mysql
drwxr-xr-x  9 root root 4096 Apr 23 17:12 mysql-5.7.23-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Sep 23  2011 sbin
drwxr-xr-x. 5 root root 4096 Apr 16  2018 share
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Sep 23  2011 src
[root@prd3-mysql-0-36 local]# mv /usr/local/mysql-5.7.23-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/* /usr/local/mysql
[root@prd3-mysql-0-36 local]# rm -rf mysql-5.7.23-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/
[root@prd3-mysql-0-36 local]# ll
total 44
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Sep 23  2011 bin
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Sep 23  2011 etc
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Sep 23  2011 games
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Sep 23  2011 include
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Sep 23  2011 lib
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Sep 23  2011 lib64
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Sep 23  2011 libexec
drwxr-xr-x  9 root root 4096 Apr 23 17:21 mysql
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Sep 23  2011 sbin
drwxr-xr-x. 5 root root 4096 Apr 16  2018 share
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Sep 23  2011 src

第五步：设置/usr/local/mysql 的权限
[root@prd3-mysql-0-36 local]# pwd
/usr/local
[root@prd3-mysql-0-36 local]# chown -R mysql:mysql mysql

第六步：修改mysql 配置文件
[root@prd3-mysql-0-36 local]# pwd
/usr/local
[root@prd3-mysql-0-36 local]# ll
total 44
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root  root  4096 Sep 23  2011 bin
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root  root  4096 Sep 23  2011 etc
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root  root  4096 Sep 23  2011 games
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root  root  4096 Sep 23  2011 include
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root  root  4096 Sep 23  2011 lib
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root  root  4096 Sep 23  2011 lib64
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root  root  4096 Sep 23  2011 libexec
drwxr-xr-x  9 mysql mysql 4096 Apr 23 17:21 mysql
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root  root  4096 Sep 23  2011 sbin
drwxr-xr-x. 5 root  root  4096 Apr 16  2018 share
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root  root  4096 Sep 23  2011 src
[root@prd3-mysql-0-36 local]# cd mysql/
[root@prd3-mysql-0-36 mysql]# ll
total 52
drwxr-xr-x  2 mysql mysql  4096 Apr 23 17:12 bin
-rw-r--r--  1 mysql mysql 17987 Jun  8  2018 COPYING
drwxr-xr-x  2 mysql mysql  4096 Apr 23 17:13 docs
drwxr-xr-x  3 mysql mysql  4096 Apr 23 17:11 include
drwxr-xr-x  5 mysql mysql  4096 Apr 23 17:12 lib
drwxr-xr-x  4 mysql mysql  4096 Apr 23 17:12 man
-rw-r--r--  1 mysql mysql  2478 Jun  8  2018 README
drwxr-xr-x 28 mysql mysql  4096 Apr 23 17:12 share
drwxr-xr-x  2 mysql mysql  4096 Apr 23 17:12 support-files
[root@prd3-mysql-0-36 mysql]# cd support-files/
[root@prd3-mysql-0-36 support-files]# ll
total 24
-rw-r--r-- 1 mysql mysql   773 Jun  8  2018 magic
-rwxr-xr-x 1 mysql mysql  1061 Jun  8  2018 mysqld_multi.server
-rwxr-xr-x 1 mysql mysql   894 Jun  8  2018 mysql-log-rotate
-rwxr-xr-x 1 mysql mysql 10576 Jun  8  2018 mysql.server
[root@prd3-mysql-0-36 support-files]# cp mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql
然后修改/etc/init.d/mysql的参数，
vim /etc/init.d/mysql
修改
basedir=/usr/local/mysql
datadir=/ivargo/data/mysql

设置mysql启动的配置文件my.cnf  设置配置文件/etc/my.cnf
[root@prd3-mysql-0-36 support-files]# find / -name "my.cnf"
[root@prd3-mysql-0-36 opt]# mv my.cnf /etc/
[root@prd3-mysql-0-36 opt]# ls -l /etc/my.cnf 
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1649 Oct 11  2018 /etc/my.cnf

第七步：初始化mysql
[root@prd3-mysql-0-36 bin]# pwd
/usr/local/mysql/bin
初始化命令
./mysqld --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/ivargo/data/mysql
[root@prd3-mysql-0-36 bin]# ./mysqld --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/ivargo/data/mysql
...
...
...

第八步 ：启动mysql 并设置 开机自启动 chkconfig mysql on
[root@prd3-mysql-0-36 bin]# service mysql start
Starting MySQL.. SUCCESS! 
[root@prd3-mysql-0-36 bin]# netstat -lntup
Active Internet connections (only servers)
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address               Foreign Address             State       PID/Program name   
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:22                  0.0.0.0:*                   LISTEN      1531/sshd           
tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:25                0.0.0.0:*                   LISTEN      1607/master         
tcp        0      0 :::22                       :::*                        LISTEN      1531/sshd           
tcp        0      0 ::1:25                      :::*                        LISTEN      1607/master         
tcp        0      0 :::3306                     :::*                        LISTEN      4567/mysqld

第九步：重新设置mysql密码

[root@prd3-mysql-0-36 bin]# ./mysql -uroot -p
Enter password: 
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 2
Server version: 5.7.23-log

Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

@(none)> SET PASSWORD FOR 'root'@'localhost'=PASSWORD('xxx');
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.01 sec)
@(none)> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

第十步：设置mysql的环境变量
我这里用的自己的方法

echo 'export PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:$PATH' >> /etc/profile
tail -1 /etc/profile
source /etc/profile
[root@prd3-mysql-0-36 opt]# which mysql
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql

第十一步：优化mysql

@(none)> select user,host from mysql.user;  //没有优化前
+---------------+-----------+
| user          | host      |
+---------------+-----------+
| mysql.session | localhost |
| mysql.sys     | localhost |
| root          | localhost |
+---------------+-----------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

[root@prd3-mysql-0-36 opt]# find / -name "mysql_secure_installation"
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_secure_installation

执行初始化命令之后，
@(none)> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| sys                |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

@(none)> select user,host from mysql.user;
+---------------+-----------+
| user          | host      |
+---------------+-----------+
| mysql.session | localhost |
| mysql.sys     | localhost |
| root          | localhost |
+---------------+-----------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

需要给生产上root % 权限

GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'XXX' WITH GRANT OPTION; 
@(none)> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'XXX' WITH GRANT OPTION; 
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.01 sec)

@(none)> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

@(none)> select user,host from mysql.user;
+---------------+-----------+
| user          | host      |
+---------------+-----------+
| root          | %         |
| mysql.session | localhost |
| mysql.sys     | localhost |
| root          | localhost |
+---------------+-----------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

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