文章目录
状语
状语是句子的一个重要修饰成分，是谓语里的另一个附加成分。从情况、时间、处所、方式、条件、对象、肯定、否定、范围和程度等方面对谓语中心词进行修饰、限制、
作用：在句子中修饰和限定动词和形容词，有时候修饰整个句子。
状语存在的形式
- 副词（adv.）
- 现在分词（-ing）
- 过去分词（-ed）
- 动词不定式
- 介词短语：介词+名词
- 独立主格结构
副词（adv.）
~ly
- The food is really tasty.
- Admittedly , she is reliable.
- It`s painfully apparent that she is a criminal.
现在分词
（-ing+名词/-ing+介词+名词/-ing+句子）【伴随状语】
- Walking on the road, I talked with my friends. 【句首】
- He looks through the files searching for answer. 【句末】
- The people , carrying boards , waited outside. 【句中】
过去分词
-ed+名词 / -ed+介词+名词 / -ed+句子 / -ed+to do
- Surrounded by the polices , the criminal told the truth.[方式，伴随]
- Encouraged by the teacher , I was very happy.[原因：As I was encouraged]
- Given more attention , the accident could have been avoided .[条件：if/once /unless]
- Seen from the top of the hill, my house looks like a garden. [时间：when it is seen]
动词不定式
to do
- To look at him, you could hardly help.[条件：句首 if you look at him]
- I should be sorry to see such an accident.[条件： 句末 if I see such an accident]
- I should be happy to be of any service to you.
介词+名词
- I`ll go there with him.[条件]
- I wish I would become a teacher in the future.[时间]
- I expect their arrival for lunch.[目的]
- According to the file, I trust him. [根据]
- I go to work by foot. [方式]
独立主格结构
过去分词短语或现在分词短语前加上一个单独的名词
- The policeman entered the dark room, gun in hand. [伴随(相当于并列句)]
- Spring coming, the flowers are coming out.[时间状语]
- There being no bus, they had no choice but to take a taxi.[原因状语]
- Enough time given ,we`ll do the job better.[条件状语]
- With the problem settled ,the computer restarted.[with+复合宾语]