[转] Asp.Net 导出 Excel 数据的9种方案

2022-02-17 21:43:27

湛刚 de BLOG 原文地址 Asp.Net 导出 Excel 数据的9种方案

简介

Excel 的强大之处在于它不仅仅只能打开Excel格式的文档，它还能打开CSV格式、Tab格式、website table 等多钟格式的文档。它具备自动识别行号，字符，格式化数字等功能，例如：如果你在Excel 单元格中输入数字 "123456789012" 会自动转化为"1.23457E+11"。

背景介绍

正因为Excel的强大和易用，大家都喜欢将数据导出为 Excel 备用。这里我会介绍一系列通过Asp.Net导出Excel数据的方法。将导出文件存储到服务器并提供地址给客户端下载，或重定向到文件下载页面：当 Response时，数据列以 "\t" 分隔，行以"\n"分隔。好了，现在给大家展示这是怎么做的。

使用代码导出

方案1：导出全部HTML 数据到 Excel

这种方法是将Html中的所有文档内容，包括按钮，表格，图片等所有页面内容导出为 Excel

Response.Clear();

Response.Buffer = true;

Response.AppendHeader("Content-Disposition","attachment;filename="+DateTime.

Now.ToString("yyyyMMdd")+".xls");

Response.ContentEncoding = System.Text.Encoding.UTF8;

Response.ContentType = ""application/ms-excel";

this.EnableViewState = false;

这里我们使用了Page的"ContentType" 属性，它默认为"text/Html"，输出到客户端即为Html。如果我们将它改为"ms-excel"，页面将输出Excel格式的内容，客户端就可以下载并存储它了。
页面property 还包括：image/JPEG, text/HTML, image/GIF and vnd.ms-excel/msword.

方案2：从DataGrid导出数据到Excel

尽管上面的方法能帮你导出Excel数据，但它导出了所有的HTML内容，包括按钮、图片等，这并不是我们所需要的。通常，我们仅仅需要导出DataGrid中的数据。

System.Web.UI.Control ctl=this.DataGrid1;

//DataGrid1 (you created in the windowForm)

HttpContext.Current.Response.AppendHeader("Content-Disposition","attachment;filename=Excel.xls");

HttpContext.Current.Response.Charset ="UTF-8";

HttpContext.Current.Response.ContentEncoding = System.Text.Encoding.Default;

HttpContext.Current.Response.ContentType = "application/ms-excel";

ctl.Page.EnableViewState =false;

System.IO.StringWriter  tw = new System.IO.StringWriter() ;

System.Web.UI.HtmlTextWriter hw = new System.Web.UI.HtmlTextWriter (tw);

ctl.RenderControl(hw);

HttpContext.Current.Response.Write(tw.ToString());

HttpContext.Current.Response.End();

如果你有多个包含DataGrid 并需导出数据的页面，我们可以封装方法：

public void DGToExcel(System.Web.UI.Control ctl)

{

   HttpContext.Current.Response.AppendHeader("Content-Disposition","attachment;filename=Excel.xls");

   HttpContext.Current.Response.Charset ="UTF-8";

   HttpContext.Current.Response.ContentEncoding = System.Text.Encoding.UTF8;

   HttpContext.Current.Response.ContentType ="application/ms-excel";

   ctl.Page.EnableViewState =false;

   System.IO.StringWriter  tw = new System.IO.StringWriter() ;

   System.Web.UI.HtmlTextWriter hw = new System.Web.UI.HtmlTextWriter (tw);

   ctl.RenderControl(hw);

   HttpContext.Current.Response.Write(tw.ToString());

   HttpContext.Current.Response.End();

}

调用方法：DGToExcel(datagrid1);

方案3:自动导出Excel数据

使用此方法，你需要下载免费的.NET组件，并使用如下代码（部分）导出数据：

private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)

{

    System.Data.OleDb.OleDbConnection oleDbConnection1 = new System.Data.OleDb.OleDbConnection();

    oleDbConnection1.ConnectionString = @"Provider=Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0;Data Source=..\..\..\..\Database\demo.mdb";

    System.Data.OleDb.OleDbCommand oleDbCommand1 = new System.Data.OleDb.OleDbCommand();

    oleDbCommand1.CommandText = "select * from parts";

    oleDbCommand1.Connection = oleDbConnection1;

    System.Data.OleDb.OleDbCommand oleDbCommand2 = new System.Data.OleDb.OleDbCommand();

    oleDbCommand2.CommandText = "select * from country";

    oleDbCommand2.Connection = oleDbConnection1;

　　 Spire.DataExport.Delegates.DataParamsEventHandler(this.cellExport3_GetDataParams);

    oleDbConnection1.Open();

    try

    {

        cellExport3.SaveToFile();

    }

    finally

    {

        oleDbConnection1.Close();

    }

}

private void cellExport3_GetDataParams

(object sender, Spire.DataExport.EventArgs.DataParamsEventArgs e)

{

    if ((e.Sheet == 0) && (e.Col == 6))

    {

        e.FormatText = (sender as Spire.DataExport.XLS.WorkSheet).ExportCell.DataFormats.Currency;

    }

}

点击这里下载完整示例代码

执行上面的代码，你将得到：

此方案导出的Excel文件可以直接在Excel 2010 中打开、编辑和修改。虽然一些特定的功能不可用，但它能够被Excel 2010使用。

方案4:从DataSet导出Excel数据

依照上面都的方法，我么能很容易的导出DataSet数据到Excel，我们只需要在页面Response 时将DataSet 表中的数据组装为"ms-excel" 格式的数据，并通过Http发送出去。

注：ds 代表Dataset，用它来填充DataTable，文件名包含后缀，例如：excel2006.xls。

public  void CreateExcel(DataSet ds,string FileName)

{

 HttpResponse resp;

 resp = Page.Response;

 resp.ContentEncoding = System.Text.Encoding.GetEncoding("UTF-8");

 resp.AppendHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment;filename="+FileName);

 string colHeaders= "", ls_item="";

 // Define table object and row object,

 // and at the same time use DataSet initialize value.

 DataTable dt=ds.Tables[0];

 DataRow[] myRow=dt.Select();//dt.Select("id>10")

 Data Filer can be used as: dt.Select("id>10")

        int i=0;

        int cl=dt.Columns.Count;

 //Get column titles of each DataTable and divided by "t". Press "enter" after the last column title.

 for(i=0;i<cl;i++) colheaders+="dt.Columns[i].Caption.ToString()+"t";"

    for(i="0;i<cl;i++)" if(i="=(cl-1))//(last" +="dt.Columns[i].Caption.ToString()"

    ls_item+="row[i].ToString()+"t";" />

方案5:从DataView导出Excel数据

如果你想导出不规则的行和列到Excel，你可以使用一下方法:

public void OutputExcel(DataView dv,string str)

{

   //dv presents data which will be exported to Excel,

str is the name of title

   GC.Collect();

   Application excel;// = new Application();

   int rowIndex=4;

   int colIndex=1;

   _Workbook xBk;

   _Worksheet xSt;

   excel= new ApplicationClass();

   xBk = excel.Workbooks.Add(true);

   xSt = (_Worksheet)xBk.ActiveSheet;

   //

   // Acquire Title

   //

   foreach(DataColumn col in dv.Table.Columns)

   {

    colIndex++;

    excel.Cells[4,colIndex] = col.ColumnName;

    xSt.get_Range(excel.Cells[4,colIndex],excel.Cells

    [4,colIndex]).HorizontalAlignment

    = XlVAlign.xlVAlignCenter;//Set title format as middle

   } 

   //

   //Obtain data from table

   //

   foreach(DataRowView row in dv)

   {

    rowIndex ++;

    colIndex = 1;

    foreach(DataColumn col in dv.Table.Columns)

    {

     colIndex ++;

     if(col.DataType == System.Type.GetType("System.DateTime"))

     {

      excel.Cells[rowIndex,colIndex]

    = (Convert.ToDateTime(row[col.ColumnName].ToString())).ToString("yyyy-MM-dd");

      xSt.get_Range(excel.Cells[rowIndex,colIndex],excel.Cells

    [rowIndex,colIndex]).HorizontalAlignment

    = XlVAlign.xlVAlignCenter;// Set the style as middle

     }

     else

      if(col.DataType == System.Type.GetType("System.String"))

     {

      excel.Cells[rowIndex,colIndex] = "'"+row[col.ColumnName].ToString();

      xSt.get_Range(excel.Cells[rowIndex,colIndex],excel.Cells

    [rowIndex,colIndex]).HorizontalAlignment = XlVAlign.xlVAlignCenter;

     // Set the style as middle

     }

     else

     {

      excel.Cells[rowIndex,colIndex] = row[col.ColumnName].ToString();

     }

    }

   }

   //

   //load a Aggregate line

   //

   int rowSum = rowIndex + 1;

   int colSum = 2;

   excel.Cells[rowSum,2] = " Aggregate ";

   xSt.get_Range(excel.Cells[rowSum,2],excel.Cells[rowSum,2]).HorizontalAlignment

    = XlHAlign.xlHAlignCenter;

   //

   //Set color for the selected content

   //

   xSt.get_Range(excel.Cells[rowSum,colSum],excel.Cells[rowSum,colIndex]).Select();

   xSt.get_Range(excel.Cells[rowSum,colSum],excel.Cells

    [rowSum,colIndex]).Interior.ColorIndex

    = 19;//more than 50 types of color for you to choose

   //

   //obtain title of the whole excelsheet

   //

   excel.Cells[2,2] = str;

   //

   //Set title format for the whole excelsheet

   //

   xSt.get_Range(excel.Cells[2,2],excel.Cells[2,2]).Font.Bold = true;

   xSt.get_Range(excel.Cells[2,2],excel.Cells[2,2]).Font.Size = 22;

   //

   //Set fittest width

   //

   xSt.get_Range(excel.Cells[4,2],excel.Cells[rowSum,colIndex]).Select();

   xSt.get_Range(excel.Cells[4,2],excel.Cells[rowSum,colIndex]).Columns.AutoFit();

   //

   //Set the tile as Cross and Middle

   //

   xSt.get_Range(excel.Cells[2,2],excel.Cells[2,colIndex]).Select();

   xSt.get_Range(excel.Cells[2,2],excel.Cells[2,colIndex]).HorizontalAlignment

    = XlHAlign.xlHAlignCenterAcrossSelection;

   //

   //Draw borders

   //

   xSt.get_Range(excel.Cells[4,2],excel.Cells[rowSum,colIndex]).Borders.LineStyle = 1;

   xSt.get_Range(excel.Cells[4,2],excel.Cells[rowSum,2]).Borders

   [XlBordersIndex.xlEdgeLeft].Weight

    = XlBorderWeight.xlThick;// Set left line as bold

   xSt.get_Range(excel.Cells[4,2],excel.Cells[4,colIndex]).Borders

[XlBordersIndex.xlEdgeTop].Weight

= XlBorderWeight.xlThick;// Set upper line as bold

   xSt.get_Range(excel.Cells[4,colIndex],excel.Cells[rowSum,colIndex]).Borders

[XlBordersIndex.xlEdgeRight].Weight = XlBorderWeight.xlThick;//Set right line as bold

   xSt.get_Range(excel.Cells[rowSum,2],excel.Cells[rowSum,colIndex]).Borders

[XlBordersIndex.xlEdgeBottom].Weight = XlBorderWeight.xlThick;//Set bottom line as bold

   //

   //Display effect

   //

   excel.Visible=true;

   //xSt.Export(Server.MapPath(".")+");

   xBk.SaveCopyAs(Server.MapPath(".")+"");

   ds = null;

   xBk.Close()

两种 WinForms 导出Excel 数据的解决方案

方案6:

SqlConnection conn=new SqlConnection

(System.Configuration.ConfigurationSettings.AppSettings["conn"]);

   SqlDataAdapter da=new SqlDataAdapter("select * from tb1",conn);

   DataSet ds=new DataSet();

   da.Fill(ds,"table1");

   DataTable dt=ds.Tables["table1"];

   string downloadurl"].ToString()+DateTime.Today.ToString

("yyyyMMdd")+new Random(DateTime.Now.Millisecond).Next

().ToString()+".csv";//Store the path of downloadurl

in web.config and the format should be set as "date + 4 random number "

   FileStream fs=new FileStream(name,FileMode.Create,FileAccess.Write);

   StreamWriter sw=new StreamWriter

(fs,System.Text.Encoding.GetEncoding("utf-8"));("utf-8")

   sw.WriteLine("Auto number, name, age");

   foreach(DataRow dr in dt.Rows)

   {

    sw.WriteLine(dr["ID"]+","+dr["vName"]+","+dr["iAge"]);

   }

   sw.Close();

   Response.AddHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment;

filename=" + Server.UrlEncode(name));

   Response.ContentType = "application/ms-excel";

//Set the return string is unavailable reading for client, and must be downloaded

   Response.WriteFile(name); //Send file string to client

   Response.End();

public void Out2Excel(string sTableName,string url)

{

Excel.Application oExcel=new Excel.Application();

Workbooks oBooks;

Workbook oBook;

Sheets oSheets;

Worksheet oSheet;

Range oCells;

string sFile="",sTemplate="";

//

System.Data.DataTable dt=TableOut(sTableName).Tables[];

sFile=url+"myExcel.xls";

sTemplate=url+"MyTemplate.xls";

//

oExcel.Visible=false;

oExcel.DisplayAlerts=false;

//define a new workbook

oBooks=oExcel.Workbooks;

oBooks.Open(sTemplate,Type.Missing,Type.Missing,Type.Missing,Type.Missing.

Type.Missing,Type.Missing,Type.Missing,Type.Missing,Type.Missing,

Type.Missing,Type.Missing,Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing);

oBook=oBooks.get_Item();

oSheets=oBook.Worksheets;

oSheet=(Worksheet)oSheets.get_Item();

//Give the sheet a name

oSheet.Name="Sheet1";

oCells=oSheet.Cells;

//Call dumpdata process and export to Excel

DumpData(dt,oCells);

//Store

oSheet.SaveAs(sFile,Excel.XlFileFormat.xlTemplate,Type.Missing,

Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Excel.XlSaveAsAccessMode.xlNoChange,

Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing);

oBook.Close(false, Type.Missing,Type.Missing);

//Exit Excel and free invoking COM resource

oExcel.Quit();

GC.Collect();

KillProcess("Excel");

}

private void KillProcess(string processName)

{

System.Diagnostics.Process myproc= new System.Diagnostics.Process();

//get all opened progresses

try

{

foreach (Process thisproc in Process.GetProcessesByName(processName))

{

if(!thisproc.CloseMainWindow())

{

thisproc.Kill();

}

}

}

catch(Exception Exc)

{

throw new Exception("",Exc);

}

}

方案7:

protected void ExportExcel()

  {

   gridbind();

   if(ds1==null) return; 

   string saveFileName="";

//   bool fileSaved=false;

   SaveFileDialog saveDialog=new SaveFileDialog();

   saveDialog.DefaultExt ="xls";

   saveDialog.Filter="Excel File|*.xls";

   saveDialog.FileName ="Sheet1";

   saveDialog.ShowDialog();

   saveFileName=saveDialog.FileName;

   if(saveFileName.IndexOf(":")<) return; // Cancelled

//excelapp.Workbooks.Open   (App.path & Progress table.xls) 

   Excel.Application xlApp=new Excel.Application();

   object missing=System.Reflection.Missing.Value; 

    if(xlApp==null)

   {

    MessageBox.Show("Create Excel object failed, maybe you dont install Excel ");

    return;

   }

   Excel.Workbooks workbooks=xlApp.Workbooks;

   Excel.Workbook workbook=workbooks.Add(Excel.XlWBATemplate.xlWBATWorksheet);

   Excel.Worksheet worksheet=(Excel.Worksheet)workbook.Worksheets[];// Get sheet1

   Excel.Range range;

   string oldCaption=Title_label .Text.Trim ();

   long totalCount=ds1.Tables[].Rows.Count;

   long rowRead=;

   float percent=; 

   worksheet.Cells[,]=Title_label .Text.Trim ();

   //Write text

   for(int i=;i<ds1.tables[].columns.count;i++)

    worksheet.cells[,i+]="ds1.Tables[0].Columns.ColumnName;" 

    range.interior.colorindex="15;" range.font.bold="true;"

    .visible="true;" r="0;r<ds1.Tables[0].Rows.Count;r++)"

    i="0;i<ds1.Tables[0].Columns.Count;i++)"

    worksheet.cells[r+,i+]="ds1.Tables[0].Rows[r];"

    percent="((float)(100*rowRead))/totalCount;" this.caption.visible="false;"

    this.caption.text=" Exporting Data [" range="(Excel.Range)worksheet.Cells

    [,i+];" range.borders[excel.xlbordersindex.xlinsidehorizontal].colorindex=

    "Excel.XlColorIndex.xlColorIndexAutomatic;"

    range.borders[excel.xlbordersindex.xlinsidehorizontal].linestyle=

    "Excel.XlLineStyle.xlContinuous;"

    range.borders[excel.xlbordersindex.xlinsidehorizontal].weight=

    "Excel.XlBorderWeight.xlThin;">)

   {

    range.Borders[Excel.XlBordersIndex.xlInsideVertical].ColorIndex

=Excel.XlColorIndex.xlColorIndexAutomatic;

    }

   workbook.Close(missing,missing,missing);

   xlApp.Quit();

}

方案8 (from Cipherlad):

使用DataSet 的GetXml方法，并且使用XSLT将XML转化为标准的Excel格式，你可以使用不同样式模版对应不容版本的Excel，甚至可以用于导出其它文档。

方案9 (from Sergelp):

使用 OOXML 格式的开源库：http://simpleooxml.codeplex.com/

这是一个非常便捷的库，它包含多种格式、字体、颜色订制，你也不需要安装Excel软件，你可以在服务端创建Excel，然后实现下载，如下代码所示：

Dim ms As MemoryStream = ArticleDAL.GetStreamFromDataSet()

Response.Clear()

Response.AddHeader("content-disposition", String.Format("attachment;filename={0}", strFile))

Response.ContentType = "application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet"

ms.WriteTo(Response.OutputStream)

Response.End()

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简介