使用python+appium做android的自动化测试时，首先需要启动appium服务，然后连接上手机，配置如下：

desired_caps = {"platformName": "Android",
                "deviceName": "127.0.0.1:62001",
                "platformVersion": "4.4.2",
                # apk包名
                "appPackage": "com.ss.android.article.news",
                # apk的launcherActivity
                "appActivity": "com.ss.android.article.news.activity.SplashActivity",
                "unicodeKeyboard": True,
                "resetKeyboard": True}
driver = webdriver.Remote("http://127.0.0.1:4723/wd/hub", desired_caps)

但是换一个app的话就需要改动很多代码，很不方便，可以将参数在配置文件里

    def desired_caps(self):
        desired_caps = {}
        desired_caps["platformName"] = self.data["platformName"]
        desired_caps["deviceName"] = self.data["deviceName"]
        desired_caps["platformVersion"] = self.data["platformVersion"]
        desired_caps["appPackage"] = self.data["appPackage"]
        desired_caps["appActivity"] = self.data["appActivity"]
        desired_caps["noReset"] = self.data["noReset"]
        desired_caps["unicodeKeyboard"] = self.data["unicodeKeyboard"]
        desired_caps["resetKeyboard"] = self.data["resetKeyboard"]

        driver = webdriver.Remote("http://" + str(self.data["host"]) + ":" + str(self.data["port"]) + "/wd/hub", desired_caps)

配置文件使用的yaml文件 

platformName: Android
platformVersion: 4.4.2
deviceName: 127.0.0.1:62001
appPackage: com.ss.android.article.news
appActivity: com.ss.android.article.news.activity.SplashActivity
noReset: True
unicodeKeyboard: True
resetKeyboard: True
host: 127.0.0.1
port: 4723

但是其实把参数写在了配置文件里。每次启动的时候还是需要打开appium服务。现在使用adb命令来启动appium，一起封装在desired_caps里面

class adb_start_appium(object):
    def __init__(self):
        with open('C://Users/EDZ/PycharmProjects/untitled/appium/desired_caps/desired_caps.yaml') as file:
            self.data = yaml.load(file)

    def appium_start(self):
        cmd = 'start /b appium -a ' + str(self.data['host']) + ' -p ' + str(self.data['port']) + ' -U ' + self.data['deviceName']

        print('%s at %s' % (cmd, ctime()))
        subprocess.Popen(cmd, shell=True, stdout=open('C://Users/EDZ/PycharmProjects/untitled/appium_SH/desired_caps/appium_log/'+str(self.data['port']) + '.log', 'a'), stderr=subprocess.STDOUT)

    def desired_caps(self):
        desired_caps = {}
        desired_caps["platformName"] = self.data["platformName"]
        desired_caps["deviceName"] = self.data["deviceName"]
        desired_caps["platformVersion"] = self.data["platformVersion"]
        desired_caps["appPackage"] = self.data["appPackage"]
        desired_caps["appActivity"] = self.data["appActivity"]
        desired_caps["noReset"] = self.data["noReset"]
        desired_caps["unicodeKeyboard"] = self.data["unicodeKeyboard"]
        desired_caps["resetKeyboard"] = self.data["resetKeyboard"]

        driver = webdriver.Remote("http://" + str(self.data["host"]) + ":" + str(self.data["port"]) + "/wd/hub", desired_caps)
        driver.implicitly_wait(8)
        return driver