1 初始化数据:
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --initialize-insecure --user=mysql --datadir=/opt/mysql/data --basedir=/opt/mysql
2 配置文件
vim /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
basedir=/usr/local/mysql
datadir=/usr/local/mysql/mydata
socket=/tmp/mysql.sock
log_error=/var/log/mysql.log
user=mysql
port=6606
[mysql]
socket=/tmp/mysql.sock
作用:
1.影响服务端的启动
标签: [mysqld] [mysqld_safe] [server] ...
[mysqld]
basedir=/opt/mysql
datadir=/opt/mysql/data
user=mysql
socket=/tmp/mysql.sock
port=3306
server_id=6
2.影响客户端连接
标签: [client] [mysql] [mysqldump] ....
[mysql]
socket=/tmp/mysql.sock
=======================
3 多实例(3307 3308 3309)
3.1 创建相关目录
mkdir -p /data/330{7..9}/data
3.2 创建配置文件
cat>> /data/3307/my.cnf<<EOF
[mysqld]
basedir=/opt/mysql
datadir=/data/3307/data
user=mysql
socket=/data/3307/mysql.sock
port=3307
server_id=3307
EOF
cp /data/3307/my.cnf /data/3308
cp /data/3307/my.cnf /data/3309
sed -i 's#3307#3308#g' /data/3308/my.cnf
sed -i 's#3307#3309#g' /data/3309/my.cnf
3.3 初始化数据
mysqld --initialize-insecure --user=mysql --datadir=/data/3307/data --basedir=/opt/mysql
mysqld --initialize-insecure --user=mysql --datadir=/data/3308/data --basedir=/opt/mysql
mysqld --initialize-insecure --user=mysql --datadir=/data/3309/data --basedir=/opt/mysql
3.4 启动多实例
chown -R mysql.mysql /data/*
mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/data/3307/my.cnf &
mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/data/3308/my.cnf &
mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/data/3309/my.cnf &
4 测试
netstat -lnp|grep 330
mysql -S /data/3307/mysql.sock
mysql -S /data/3308/mysql.sock
mysql -S /data/3309/mysql.sock
5 systemd管理多实例
cat >> /etc/systemd/system/mysqld3307.service <<EOF
[Unit]
Description=MySQL Server
Documentation=man:mysqld(8)
Documentation=http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html
After=network.target
After=syslog.target
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
[Service]
User=mysql
Group=mysql
ExecStart=/opt/mysql/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/data/3307/my.cnf
LimitNOFILE = 5000
EOF
cp /etc/systemd/system/mysqld3307.service /etc/systemd/system/mysqld3308.service
cp /etc/systemd/system/mysqld3307.service /etc/systemd/system/mysqld3309.service
sed -i 's#3307#3308#g' /etc/systemd/system/mysqld3308.service
sed -i 's#3307#3309#g' /etc/systemd/system/mysqld3309.service
systemctl start mysqld3307
systemctl start mysqld3308
systemctl start mysqld3309
netstat -lnp|grep 330
systemctl stop mysqld3309
systemctl stop mysqld3308
systemctl stop mysqld3307
systemctl enable mysqld3307
systemctl enable mysqld3308
systemctl enable mysqld3309
6.忘记密码处理
mysqladmin -uroot -p password 123
select user,authentication_string,host from mysql.user;
1.停数据库
/etc/init.d/mysqld stop
2.启动数据库为无密码验证模式
mysqld_safe --skip-grant-tables --skip-networking &
update mysql.user set authentication_string=PASSWORD('456') where user='root' and host='localhost';
/etc/init.d/mysqld restart
[root@standby ~]# mysql -uroot -p123
[root@standby ~]# mysql -uroot -p456
7.数据类型和字符集
整型
int 最多存10位数字
-2^31 ~ 2^31-1
2^32 10位数 11
浮点
字符串类型
char 定长,存储数据效率较高,对于变化较多的字段,空间浪费较多
varchar 变长,存储时判断长度,存储会有额外开销,按需分配存储空间.
enum
时间
datetime
timestamp
date
time