很多的 JavaScript 开发人员,包括我在内,都很喜欢 jQuery。因为它的简单,因为它有很多丰富的插件可供使用,和其它优秀的工具一样,jQuery 让我们开发人员能够更轻松的开发网站和 Web 应用。
然而,另一方面,作为前端开发的基础框架,jQuery 包含大量的兼容性代码和扩展功能,其中有很多在你的整个项目中可能都不会用到。其实如果你只是针对现代浏览器,很多功能使用原生的 JavaScript 就可以实现,即使是拖后腿的低版本 IE 浏览器,兼容性也是很容易处理的。
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下面就带大家一起看看在 IE 浏览器环境中如果使用原生 JavaScript 代码实现 jQuery 中的功能。如果你打算自己开发一个小的基础框架,可以好好参考一下这些代码的实现。
Ajax Post
jQuery:
$.ajax({
type: 'POST',
url: '/my/url',
data: data
});
IE8+:
var request = new XMLHttpRequest();
request.open('POST', '/my/url', true);
request.send(data);
Ajax Get
jQuery:
$.ajax({
type: 'GET',
url: '/my/url',
success: function(resp) { },
error: function() { }
});
IE8+:
request = new XMLHttpRequest();
request.open('GET', '/my/url', true); request.onreadystatechange = function() {
if (this.readyState === 4){
if (this.status >= 200 && this.status < 400){
// Success!
resp = this.responseText;
} else {
// Error :(
}
}
} request.send();
request = null;
加载 JSON
jQuery:
$.getJSON('/my/url', function(data) { });
IE8+:
request = new XMLHttpRequest();
request.open('GET', '/my/url', true); request.onreadystatechange = function() {
if (this.readyState === 4){
if (this.status >= 200 && this.status < 400){
// Success!
data = JSON.parse(this.responseText);
} else {
// Error :(
}
}
} request.send();
request = null;
淡入效果
jQuery:
$(el).fadeIn();
IE8+:
function fadeIn(el) {
var opacity = 0; el.style.opacity = 0;
el.style.filter = ''; var last = +new Date();
var tick = function() {
opacity += (new Date() - last) / 400;
el.style.opacity = opacity;
el.style.filter = 'alpha(opacity=' + (100 * opacity)|0 + ')'; last = +new Date(); if (opacity < 1) {
(window.requestAnimationFrame && requestAnimationFrame(tick)) || setTimeout(tick, 16);
}
}; tick();
} fadeIn(el);
显示和隐藏
jQuery:
$(el).show();
$(el).hide();
IE8+:
el.style.display = '';
el.style.display = 'none';
添加 Class
jQuery:
$(el).addClass(className);
IE8+:
if (el.classList)
el.classList.add(className);
else
el.className += ' ' + className;
插入 HTML
jQuery:
$(el).before(htmlString);
$(parent).append(el);
$(el).after(htmlString);
IE8+:
el.insertAdjacentHTML('beforebegin', htmlString);
parent.appendChild(el);
el.insertAdjacentHTML('afterend', htmlString);
获取子节点
jQuery:
$(el).children();
IE8+:
var children = [];
for (var i=el.children.length; i--;){
// Skip comment nodes on IE8
if (el.children[i].nodeType != 8)
children.unshift(el.children[i]);
}
循环节点
jQuery:
$(selector).each(function(i, el){ });
IE8+:
function forEachElement(selector, fn) {
var elements = document.querySelectorAll(selector);
for (var i = 0; i < elements.length; i++)
fn(elements[i], i);
} forEachElement(selector, function(el, i){ });
清空节点
jQuery:
$(el).empty();
IE8+:
while(el.firstChild)
el.removeChild(el.firstChild)
过滤节点
jQuery:
$(selector).filter(filterFn);
IE8+:
function filter(selector, filterFn) {
var elements = document.querySelectorAll(selector);
var out = [];
for (var i = elements.length; i--;) {
if (filterFn(elements[i]))
out.unshift(elements[i]);
}
return out;
} filter(selector, filterFn);
查找元素
jQuery:
$(el).find(selector);
$('.my #awesome selector');
IE8+:
el.querySelectorAll(selector);
document.querySelectorAll('.my #awesome selector');
获取属性、HTML或者文本
jQuery:
$(el).attr('tabindex');
$(el).html();
$('<div>').append($(el).clone()).html();
$(el).text();
IE8+:
el.getAttribute('tabindex');
el.innerHTML
el.outerHTML
el.textContent || el.innerText
判断是否包含某个 css class
jQuery:
$(el).hasClass(className);
IE8+:
if (el.classList)
el.classList.contains(className);
else
new RegExp('(^| )' + className + '( |$)', 'gi').test(el.className);
选择器匹配
jQuery:
$(el).is('.my-class');
IE8+:
var matches = function(el, selector) {
var _matches = (el.matches || el.matchesSelector || el.msMatchesSelector || el.mozMatchesSelector || el.webkitMatchesSelector || el.oMatchesSelector); if (_matches) {
return _matches.call(el, selector);
} else {
var nodes = el.parentNode.querySelectorAll(selector);
for (var i = nodes.length; i--;)
if (nodes[i] === el) {
return true;
}
return false;
} matches(el, '.my-class');
前一个节点
jQuery:
$(el).prev();
IE8+:
// prevSibling can include text nodes
function previousElementSibling(el) {
do { el = el.previousSibling; } while ( el && el.nodeType !== 1 );
return el;
} el.previousElementSibling || previousElementSibling(el);
后一个节点
jQuery:
$(el).next();
IE8+:
// nextSibling can include text nodes
function nextElementSibling(el) {
do { el = el.nextSibling; } while ( el && el.nodeType !== 1 );
return el;
} el.nextElementSibling || nextElementSibling(el);
外部高度
jQuery:
$(el).outerHeight()
IE8+:
function outerHeight(el, includeMargin){
var height = el.offsetHeight; if(includeMargin){
var style = el.currentStyle || getComputedStyle(el);
height += parseInt(style.marginTop) + parseInt(style.marginBottom);
}
return height;
} outerHeight(el, true);
外部宽度
jQuery:
$(el).outerWidth()
IE8+:
function outerWidth(el, includeMargin){
var height = el.offsetWidth; if(includeMargin){
var style = el.currentStyle || getComputedStyle(el);
height += parseInt(style.marginLeft) + parseInt(style.marginRight);
}
return height;
} outerWidth(el, true);
判断是否数组
jQuery:
$.isArray(arr);
IE8+:
isArray = Array.isArray || function(arr) {
return Object.prototype.toString.call(arr) == '[object Array]';
} isArray(arr);
数组转换
jQuery:
$.map(array, function(value, index){ })
IE8+:
function map(arr, fn) {
var results = []
for (var i = 0; i < arr.length; i++)
results.push(fn(arr[i], i))
return results
} map(array, function(value, index){ })
类似的还有很多很多,可以参考这里:http://youmightnotneedjquery.com/。
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