SpringBoot 自定义线程池

2022-10-26 18:58:36

本教程目录：

自定义线程池
配置spring默认的线程池

1. 自定义线程池

1.1 修改application.properties

task.pool.corePoolSize=

task.pool.maxPoolSize=

task.pool.keepAliveSeconds=

task.pool.queueCapacity=

1.2 线程池配置属性类TaskThreadPoolConfig .java

import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationProperties;

/**

 * 线程池配置属性类

 */

@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "task.pool")

public class TaskThreadPoolConfig {

    private int corePoolSize;

    private int maxPoolSize;

    private int keepAliveSeconds;

    private int queueCapacity;

    //...getter and setter methods...

}

1.3 创建线程池 TaskExecutePool .java

/**

 * 创建线程池

 */

@Configuration

@EnableAsync

public class TaskExecutePool {

    @Autowired

    private TaskThreadPoolConfig config;

    @Bean

    public Executor myTaskAsyncPool() {

        ThreadPoolTaskExecutor executor = new ThreadPoolTaskExecutor();

        //核心线程池大小

        executor.setCorePoolSize(config.getCorePoolSize());

        //最大线程数

        executor.setMaxPoolSize(config.getMaxPoolSize());

        //队列容量

        executor.setQueueCapacity(config.getQueueCapacity());

        //活跃时间

        executor.setKeepAliveSeconds(config.getKeepAliveSeconds());

        //线程名字前缀

        executor.setThreadNamePrefix("MyExecutor-");

        // setRejectedExecutionHandler：当pool已经达到max size的时候，如何处理新任务

        // CallerRunsPolicy：不在新线程中执行任务，而是由调用者所在的线程来执行

        executor.setRejectedExecutionHandler(new ThreadPoolExecutor.CallerRunsPolicy());
        executor.setWaitForTasksToCompleteOnShutdown(true);

executor.setAwaitTerminationSeconds(60);

        executor.initialize();

        return executor;

    }

}

上面我们通过使用ThreadPoolTaskExecutor创建了一个线程池，同时设置了以下这些参数：

核心线程数20：线程池创建时候初始化的线程数
最大线程数40：线程池最大的线程数，只有在缓冲队列满了之后才会申请超过核心线程数的线程
缓冲队列50：用来缓冲执行任务的队列
允许线程的空闲时间300秒：当超过了核心线程出之外的线程在空闲时间到达之后会被销毁
线程池名的前缀：设置好了之后可以方便我们定位处理任务所在的线程池
线程池对拒绝任务的处理策略：这里采用了CallerRunsPolicy策略，当线程池没有处理能力的时候，该策略会直接在 execute 方法的调用线程中运行被拒绝的任务；如果执行程序已关闭，则会丢弃该任务

（ThreadPoolExecutor.AbortPolicy 丢弃任务并抛出RejectedExecutionException异常(默认)。
ThreadPoolExecutor.DiscardPolic 丢弃任务，但是不抛出异常。
ThreadPoolExecutor.DiscardOldestPolicy 丢弃队列最前面的任务，然后重新尝试执行任务
ThreadPoolExecutor.CallerRunsPolic 由调用线程处理该任务）

说明：setWaitForTasksToCompleteOnShutdown（true）该方法就是这里的关键，用来设置线程池关闭的时候等待所有任务都完成再继续销毁其他的Bean，这样这些异步任务的销毁就会先于Redis线程池的销毁。同时，这里还设置了setAwaitTerminationSeconds(60)，该方法用来设置线程池中任务的等待时间，如果超过这个时候还没有销毁就强制销毁，以确保应用最后能够被关闭，而不是阻塞住。

1.4 创建线程任务

@Component

public class AsyncTask {

    protected final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(this.getClass());

    @Async("myTaskAsyncPool")  //myTaskAsynPool即配置线程池的方法名，此处如果不写自定义线程池的方法名，会使用默认的线程池

    public void doTask1(int i) throws InterruptedException{

        logger.info("Task"+i+" started.");

    }

}

1.5 修改启动类

给启动类添加注解

@EnableAsync

@EnableConfigurationProperties({TaskThreadPoolConfig.class} ) // 开启配置属性支持

1.6 测试

    protected final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(this.getClass());

    @Autowired

    private AsyncTask asyncTask;

    @Test

    public void AsyncTaskTest() throws InterruptedException, ExecutionException {

        for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++) {

            asyncTask.doTask1(i);

        }

        logger.info("All tasks finished.");

    }

2. 配置spring/springboot默认的异步线程池

因为上面的那个线程池使用时候总要加注解@Async("myTaskAsyncPool")，（会影响业务系统中的多处修改）

如果我们想使用默认的线程池，即使用异步线程池时还是使用@Async的注解。但是只是想修改默认线程池的配置，将默认的异步线程池的参数可配置化，方便系统的调优。那怎么做了，此时我们需要实现AsyncConfigurer类，示例代码如下：

public interface AsyncConfigurer {

    Executor getAsyncExecutor();

    AsyncUncaughtExceptionHandler getAsyncUncaughtExceptionHandler();

}

说明：

Executor ：处理异步方法调用时要使用的实例，

AsyncUncaughtExceptionHandler ：在使用void返回类型的异步方法执行期间抛出异常时要使用的实例。

2.1 获取属性配置类

这个和上面的TaskThreadPoolConfig类相同，这里不重复

2.2 NativeAsyncTaskExecutePool.java 装配线程池

/**

 * 原生(Spring)异步任务线程池装配类

 */

@Slf4j

@Configuration

public class NativeAsyncTaskExecutePool implements AsyncConfigurer {

    //注入配置类

    @Autowired

    TaskThreadPoolConfig config;

    @Override

    public Executor getAsyncExecutor() {

        ThreadPoolTaskExecutor executor = new ThreadPoolTaskExecutor();

        //核心线程池大小

        executor.setCorePoolSize(config.getCorePoolSize());

        //最大线程数

        executor.setMaxPoolSize(config.getMaxPoolSize());

        //队列容量

        executor.setQueueCapacity(config.getQueueCapacity());

        //活跃时间

        executor.setKeepAliveSeconds(config.getKeepAliveSeconds());

        //线程名字前缀

        executor.setThreadNamePrefix("MyExecutor-");

        // setRejectedExecutionHandler：当pool已经达到max size的时候，如何处理新任务

        // CallerRunsPolicy：不在新线程中执行任务，而是由调用者所在的线程来执行

        executor.setRejectedExecutionHandler(new ThreadPoolExecutor.CallerRunsPolicy());

        executor.initialize();

        return executor;

    }

    /**

     *  异步任务中异常处理

     * @return

     */

    @Override

    public AsyncUncaughtExceptionHandler getAsyncUncaughtExceptionHandler() {

        return new AsyncUncaughtExceptionHandler() {

            @Override

            public void handleUncaughtException(Throwable arg0, Method arg1, Object... arg2) {

                log.error("=========================="+arg0.getMessage()+"=======================", arg0);

                log.error("exception method:"+arg1.getName());

            }

        };

    }

}

2.3 线程任务类AsyncTask .java

@Component

public class AsyncTask {

    protected final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(this.getClass());

    @Async

    public void doTask2(int i) throws InterruptedException{

        logger.info("Task2-Native"+i+" started.");

    }

}

2.4 测试

    @Test

    public void AsyncTaskNativeTest() throws InterruptedException, ExecutionException {

        for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++) {

            asyncTask.doTask2(i);

        }

        logger.info("All tasks finished.");

    }

结果：

2018-03-25 21:23:07.655  INFO 4668 --- [   MyExecutor-8] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask  : Task2-Native6 started.

2018-03-25 21:23:07.655  INFO 4668 --- [   MyExecutor-3] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask  : Task2-Native1 started.

2018-03-25 21:23:07.655  INFO 4668 --- [   MyExecutor-9] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask  : Task2-Native7 started.

2018-03-25 21:23:07.656  INFO 4668 --- [   MyExecutor-9] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask  : Task2-Native21 started.

2018-03-25 21:23:07.656  INFO 4668 --- [   MyExecutor-9] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask  : Task2-Native22 started.

2018-03-25 21:23:07.656  INFO 4668 --- [   MyExecutor-9] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask  : Task2-Native23 started.

2018-03-25 21:23:07.656  INFO 4668 --- [   MyExecutor-9] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask  : Task2-Native24 started.

2018-03-25 21:23:07.656  INFO 4668 --- [   MyExecutor-9] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask  : Task2-Native25 started.

2018-03-25 21:23:07.656  INFO 4668 --- [   MyExecutor-9] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask  : Task2-Native26 started.

2018-03-25 21:23:07.656  INFO 4668 --- [   MyExecutor-9] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask  : Task2-Native27 started.

2018-03-25 21:23:07.656  INFO 4668 --- [   MyExecutor-9] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask  : Task2-Native28 started.

2018-03-25 21:23:07.656  INFO 4668 --- [   MyExecutor-9] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask  : Task2-Native29 started.

2018-03-25 21:23:07.656  INFO 4668 --- [   MyExecutor-9] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask  : Task2-Native30 started.

2018-03-25 21:23:07.656  INFO 4668 --- [   MyExecutor-9] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask  : Task2-Native31 started.

2018-03-25 21:23:07.656  INFO 4668 --- [   MyExecutor-9] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask  : Task2-Native32 started.

2018-03-25 21:23:07.656  INFO 4668 --- [   MyExecutor-9] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask  : Task2-Native33 started.

2018-03-25 21:23:07.656  INFO 4668 --- [   MyExecutor-9] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask  : Task2-Native34 started.

2018-03-25 21:23:07.656  INFO 4668 --- [   MyExecutor-9] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask  : Task2-Native35 started.

2018-03-25 21:23:07.656  INFO 4668 --- [   MyExecutor-9] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask  : Task2-Native36 started.

2018-03-25 21:23:07.656  INFO 4668 --- [   MyExecutor-9] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask  : Task2-Native37 started.

2018-03-25 21:23:07.656  INFO 4668 --- [   MyExecutor-9] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask  : Task2-Native38 started.

2018-03-25 21:23:07.656  INFO 4668 --- [   MyExecutor-9] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask  : Task2-Native39 started.

2018-03-25 21:23:07.656  INFO 4668 --- [   MyExecutor-9] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask  : Task2-Native40 started.

2018-03-25 21:23:07.656  INFO 4668 --- [   MyExecutor-9] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask  : Task2-Native41 started.

2018-03-25 21:23:07.657  INFO 4668 --- [   MyExecutor-9] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask  : Task2-Native42 started.

2018-03-25 21:23:07.657  INFO 4668 --- [   MyExecutor-9] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask  : Task2-Native43 started.

2018-03-25 21:23:07.657  INFO 4668 --- [   MyExecutor-9] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask  : Task2-Native44 started.

2018-03-25 21:23:07.657  INFO 4668 --- [   MyExecutor-9] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask  : Task2-Native45 started.

2018-03-25 21:23:07.657  INFO 4668 --- [   MyExecutor-9] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask  : Task2-Native46 started.

2018-03-25 21:23:07.658  INFO 4668 --- [   MyExecutor-9] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask  : Task2-Native47 started.

2018-03-25 21:23:07.655  INFO 4668 --- [   MyExecutor-7] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask  : Task2-Native5 started.

2018-03-25 21:23:07.658  INFO 4668 --- [   MyExecutor-7] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask  : Task2-Native49 started.

2018-03-25 21:23:07.658  INFO 4668 --- [   MyExecutor-7] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask  : Task2-Native50 started.

2018-03-25 21:23:07.658  INFO 4668 --- [  MyExecutor-11] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask  : Task2-Native9 started.

2018-03-25 21:23:07.655  INFO 4668 --- [   MyExecutor-6] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask  : Task2-Native4 started.

2018-03-25 21:23:07.659  INFO 4668 --- [   MyExecutor-6] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask  : Task2-Native53 started.

2018-03-25 21:23:07.659  INFO 4668 --- [   MyExecutor-6] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask  : Task2-Native54 started.

2018-03-25 21:23:07.659  INFO 4668 --- [   MyExecutor-6] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask  : Task2-Native55 started.

2018-03-25 21:23:07.659  INFO 4668 --- [   MyExecutor-6] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask  : Task2-Native56 started.

2018-03-25 21:23:07.659  INFO 4668 --- [   MyExecutor-6] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask  : Task2-Native57 started.

2018-03-25 21:23:07.659  INFO 4668 --- [   MyExecutor-6] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask  : Task2-Native58 started.

2018-03-25 21:23:07.660  INFO 4668 --- [   MyExecutor-6] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask  : Task2-Native59 started.

2018-03-25 21:23:07.660  INFO 4668 --- [   MyExecutor-6] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask  : Task2-Native60 started.

2018-03-25 21:23:07.660  INFO 4668 --- [   MyExecutor-6] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask  : Task2-Native61 started.

2018-03-25 21:23:07.660  INFO 4668 --- [   MyExecutor-6] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask  : Task2-Native62 started.

2018-03-25 21:23:07.660  INFO 4668 --- [   MyExecutor-6] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask  : Task2-Native63 started.

2018-03-25 21:23:07.660  INFO 4668 --- [   MyExecutor-6] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask  : Task2-Native64 started.

2018-03-25 21:23:07.660  INFO 4668 --- [   MyExecutor-6] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask  : Task2-Native65 started.

2018-03-25 21:23:07.660  INFO 4668 --- [   MyExecutor-6] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask  : Task2-Native66 started.

2018-03-25 21:23:07.660  INFO 4668 --- [   MyExecutor-6] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask  : Task2-Native67 started.

2018-03-25 21:23:07.660  INFO 4668 --- [   MyExecutor-6] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask  : Task2-Native68 started.

2018-03-25 21:23:07.655  INFO 4668 --- [   MyExecutor-5] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask  : Task2-Native3 started.

2018-03-25 21:23:07.655  INFO 4668 --- [   MyExecutor-4] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask  : Task2-Native2 started.

2018-03-25 21:23:07.656  INFO 4668 --- [   MyExecutor-8] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask  : Task2-Native19 started.

2018-03-25 21:23:07.656  INFO 4668 --- [   MyExecutor-2] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask  : Task2-Native0 started.

2018-03-25 21:23:07.656  INFO 4668 --- [   MyExecutor-3] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask  : Task2-Native20 started.

2018-03-25 21:23:07.657  INFO 4668 --- [  MyExecutor-10] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask  : Task2-Native8 started.

2018-03-25 21:23:07.658  INFO 4668 --- [   MyExecutor-9] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask  : Task2-Native48 started.

2018-03-25 21:23:07.658  INFO 4668 --- [   MyExecutor-7] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask  : Task2-Native51 started.

2018-03-25 21:23:07.658  INFO 4668 --- [  MyExecutor-11] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask  : Task2-Native52 started.

2018-03-25 21:23:07.658  INFO 4668 --- [  MyExecutor-12] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask  : Task2-Native10 started.

2018-03-25 21:23:07.661  INFO 4668 --- [  MyExecutor-13] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask  : Task2-Native11 started.

2018-03-25 21:23:07.662  INFO 4668 --- [  MyExecutor-14] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask  : Task2-Native12 started.

2018-03-25 21:23:07.662  INFO 4668 --- [  MyExecutor-15] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask  : Task2-Native13 started.

2018-03-25 21:23:07.663  INFO 4668 --- [  MyExecutor-16] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask  : Task2-Native14 started.

2018-03-25 21:23:07.663  INFO 4668 --- [  MyExecutor-17] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask  : Task2-Native15 started.

2018-03-25 21:23:07.663  INFO 4668 --- [  MyExecutor-18] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask  : Task2-Native16 started.

2018-03-25 21:23:07.663  INFO 4668 --- [  MyExecutor-19] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask  : Task2-Native17 started.

2018-03-25 21:23:07.664  INFO 4668 --- [  MyExecutor-20] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask  : Task2-Native18 started.

2018-03-25 21:23:07.664  INFO 4668 --- [  MyExecutor-21] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask  : Task2-Native69 started.

2018-03-25 21:23:07.664  INFO 4668 --- [           main] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask  : Task2-Native89 started.

2018-03-25 21:23:07.664  INFO 4668 --- [   MyExecutor-6] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask  : Task2-Native90 started.

2018-03-25 21:23:07.664  INFO 4668 --- [  MyExecutor-22] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask  : Task2-Native70 started.

2018-03-25 21:23:07.664  INFO 4668 --- [   MyExecutor-5] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask  : Task2-Native91 started.

2018-03-25 21:23:07.664  INFO 4668 --- [   MyExecutor-5] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask  : Task2-Native92 started.

2018-03-25 21:23:07.664  INFO 4668 --- [   MyExecutor-8] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask  : Task2-Native93 started.

2018-03-25 21:23:07.664  INFO 4668 --- [   MyExecutor-2] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask  : Task2-Native94 started.

2018-03-25 21:23:07.664  INFO 4668 --- [  MyExecutor-10] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask  : Task2-Native95 started.

2018-03-25 21:23:07.664  INFO 4668 --- [   MyExecutor-3] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask  : Task2-Native96 started.

2018-03-25 21:23:07.664  INFO 4668 --- [   MyExecutor-7] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask  : Task2-Native98 started.

2018-03-25 21:23:07.664  INFO 4668 --- [   MyExecutor-9] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask  : Task2-Native97 started.

2018-03-25 21:23:07.664  INFO 4668 --- [  MyExecutor-11] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask  : Task2-Native99 started.

2018-03-25 21:23:07.664  INFO 4668 --- [           main] com.laojiao.securitydemo.ControllerTest  : All tasks finished.

2018-03-25 21:23:07.666  INFO 4668 --- [  MyExecutor-23] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask  : Task2-Native71 started.

2018-03-25 21:23:07.667  INFO 4668 --- [  MyExecutor-24] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask  : Task2-Native72 started.

2018-03-25 21:23:07.667  INFO 4668 --- [  MyExecutor-25] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask  : Task2-Native73 started.

2018-03-25 21:23:07.669  INFO 4668 --- [  MyExecutor-26] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask  : Task2-Native74 started.

2018-03-25 21:23:07.669  INFO 4668 --- [  MyExecutor-27] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask  : Task2-Native75 started.

2018-03-25 21:23:07.673  INFO 4668 --- [  MyExecutor-28] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask  : Task2-Native76 started.

2018-03-25 21:23:07.674  INFO 4668 --- [  MyExecutor-29] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask  : Task2-Native77 started.

2018-03-25 21:23:07.674  INFO 4668 --- [  MyExecutor-30] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask  : Task2-Native78 started.

2018-03-25 21:23:07.676  INFO 4668 --- [  MyExecutor-31] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask  : Task2-Native79 started.

2018-03-25 21:23:07.677  INFO 4668 --- [  MyExecutor-32] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask  : Task2-Native80 started.

2018-03-25 21:23:07.677  INFO 4668 --- [  MyExecutor-33] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask  : Task2-Native81 started.

2018-03-25 21:23:07.677  INFO 4668 --- [  MyExecutor-34] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask  : Task2-Native82 started.

2018-03-25 21:23:07.678  INFO 4668 --- [  MyExecutor-35] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask  : Task2-Native83 started.

2018-03-25 21:23:07.679  INFO 4668 --- [  MyExecutor-36] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask  : Task2-Native84 started.

2018-03-25 21:23:07.679  INFO 4668 --- [  MyExecutor-37] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask  : Task2-Native85 started.

2018-03-25 21:23:07.679  INFO 4668 --- [  MyExecutor-38] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask  : Task2-Native86 started.

2018-03-25 21:23:07.680  INFO 4668 --- [  MyExecutor-39] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask  : Task2-Native87 started.

2018-03-25 21:23:07.680  INFO 4668 --- [  MyExecutor-

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