一、装饰器
定义:本质是函数,(装饰其他函数)就是为其它函数添加附加功能
原则:1、不能修改被装饰的函数的源代码
2、不能修改被装饰的函数的调用方式
实现装饰器知识储备:
1、函数及“变量”
2、高阶函数
a、把一个函数名当做实参传给另一个函数(在不修改被装饰器函数源代码的情况下为其添加新功能)
b、返回值中包含函数名
3、嵌套函数
高阶函数+嵌套函数 = 装饰器
延迟3秒
import time def test1():
time.sleep(3)
print('in the test1')
test1()#延迟3秒
例一:装饰器
def bar ():
print("in the bar")
def foo ():
print ("in the foo")
bar()
foo()
例二:
def deco(func):
start_time = time.time()
func()
return func
stop_time = time.time()
print ("in func run time is %s" %(stop_time-start_time))
return deco
def foo ():
print("in the foo")
bar()
def bar():
print("in the bar")
foo()
例三:
import time
def timer(func):
def deco (*args, **kwargs):
start_time = time.time()
func(*args, **kwargs)
stop_time = time.time()
print("in func run time is %s" %(stop_time- start_time))
return deco
@timer #等于test1 = timer(test1)
def test1():
time.sleep(3)
print('in the test1')
test1()
@timer
def test2(name,age):
time.sleep(3)
print("in the :",name age)
test2('liudong',23)
例四:终极装饰器
user,passwd = 'liudong',''
def auth (auth_type):
print("auth_func:",auth_type)
def outer_wrapper(func):
def wrapper(*args, **kwargs):
print("wrapper func args:", *args, **kwargs)
if auth_type == "local":
username = input("Username:").strip()
password = input("Password:").strip()
if user == username and passwd == password:
print("\033[32;1mUser has passed authentication\033[0m")
res = func(*args, **kwargs)#form home
print("------------after authentication ")
return res
else:
exit("\033[31;1mInvalid username or password\033[0m")
elif auth_type == "ldap":
print("不会-------------")
return wrapper
return outer_wrapper
def index():
print("welcome to index page")
@auth(auth_type="local") #home = wrapper
def home ():
print("welcome to home page")
return "form home"
@auth(auth_type="ldap")
def bbs():
print("welcome to bbs page")
index()
print(home()) #wrapper()
bbs()
匿名函数:
res = filter(lambda n:n>5,range(10))
for i in res:
print(i)
#print(globals()) 打印整个文件里的所有你变量
二、迭代器&生成器
1、只有在调试时,才会生成相应的数据
2、c.__nest__ 一个一个的往下生成,只记录当前的位置,之前生成过的就没了。
3、只有一个__nest__()方法
生成器
def fib (max):
n, a, b = 0, 0, 1
while n < max:
yield b
a, b = b, a + b
n = n + 1
return '------------done-------------'
g = fib(10)
while True:
try:
x = next(g)
print('g:', x)
except StopAsyncIteration as e:
print('Generator return value:', e.value)
break
生成器并行
def consumer(name):
print("%s准备吃包子了" %name)
while True:
baozi = yield
print("包子[%s]来了,被[%s]吃了" %(baozi,name))
c = consumer("liudong")
c.__next__()
c.send('胡萝卜馅,人肉馅') def producer(name):
c = consumer('A')
c2 = consumer('B')
c.__next__()
c2.__next__()
print("老子开始吃包子啦!")
for i in range(5):
time.sleep(1)
print("做了1个包子,分两半!")
c.send(i)
c2.send(i)
producer("liudong")
#迭代器 可以使用isinstance()判断一个对象是否是Iterator(迭代器)对象
json序列化
info = {'name':'liudong','age':23}
f = open("test.txt","w")
f.write(json.dumps(info))
f.close()