授权码模式定义
通过客户端的后台服务器,与“服务提供商”的认证服务器进行认证。
1、用户访问客户端,后者将前者导向认证服务器。
2、用户选择是否给予客户端授权。
3、假设用户给予授权,认证服务器首先生成一个授权码,并返回给用户,认证服务器将用户导向客户端事先指定的"重定向URI"(redirection URI),同时附上一个授权码。
4、客户端收到授权码,附上早先的"重定向URI",向认证服务器申请令牌。这一步是在客户端的后台的服务器上完成的,对用户不可见。
5、认证服务器核对了授权码和重定向URI,确认无误后,向客户端发送访问令牌(access token)和更新令牌(refresh token)。
6、Client拿着access token去访问Resource资源
授权码模式的工作流程图
图 1 (网上搜到的授权码工作流程图说明)
之前看上边的流程图,看了不下10遍,还是搞不懂,这个图真心画的不好理解!
我们一步步来,AuthorizationServer与ResourceServer还是用之前的项目
新建项目:AuthorizationCodeGrant
HomeController.cs也简单
public ActionResult Index()
{
ViewBag.AccessToken = Request.Form["AccessToken"] ?? "";
ViewBag.RefreshToken = Request.Form["RefreshToken"] ?? "";
ViewBag.Action = "";
ViewBag.ResourceResponse = ""; var authorizationServerUri = new Uri("http://localhost:8270/");
var authorizationServer = new AuthorizationServerDescription
{
AuthorizationEndpoint = new Uri(authorizationServerUri, "OAuth/Authorize"),
TokenEndpoint = new Uri(authorizationServerUri, "OAuth/Token")
}; // 刷新AccessToken
var client = new WebServerClient(authorizationServer, "123456", "abcdef");
if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(ViewBag.AccessToken))
{
var authorizationState = client.ProcessUserAuthorization(Request);
if (authorizationState != null)
{
ViewBag.AccessToken = authorizationState.AccessToken;
ViewBag.RefreshToken = authorizationState.RefreshToken;
ViewBag.Action = Request.Path;
}
} // 授权申请
if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(Request.Form.Get("btnRequestAuthorize")))
{
var grantRequest = client.PrepareRequestUserAuthorization(new[] { "scopes1", "scopes2" });
grantRequest.Send(HttpContext);
Response.End();
} // 申请资源
if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(Request.Form.Get("btnRequestResource")))
{
var resourceServerUri = new Uri("http://localhost:8001/");
var resourceRequest = new HttpClient(client.CreateAuthorizingHandler(ViewBag.AccessToken));
ViewBag.ResourceResponse = resourceRequest.GetStringAsync(new Uri(resourceServerUri, "api/Values")).Result;
} return View();
}
Index.cshtml
<!DOCTYPE html> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
<title>Authorization Code Grant Client</title>
</head>
<body>
<form id="form1" action="@ViewBag.Action" method="POST">
<div>
<input id="AccessToken" name="AccessToken" value="@ViewBag.AccessToken" type="hidden" />
<input id="Authorize" name="btnRequestAuthorize" value="向认证服务器索要授权" type="submit" />
<input id="Resource" name="btnRequestResource" value="访问资源(Resource)" type="submit" />
</div>
<div>@ViewBag.ResourceResponse</div>
</form>
</body>
</html>
运行项目
授权过程
点击“向认证服务索要授权”,根据HomeController.cs文件的设置,页面预计会跳转到"http://localhost:8270/OAuth/Authorize"
所以我们需要在认证服务中新增处理授权码模式的处理逻辑
在项目AuthorizationServer中新增OAuthController.cs、Authorize.cshtml
public class OAuthController : Controller
{
public ActionResult Authorize()
{
if (Response.StatusCode != 200)
{
return View("AuthorizeError");
} var authentication = HttpContext.GetOwinContext().Authentication;
var ticket = authentication.AuthenticateAsync("Application").Result;
var identity = ticket != null ? ticket.Identity : null;
if (identity == null)
{
authentication.Challenge("Application");
return new HttpUnauthorizedResult(); //用户登录凭证失效就报401错误,并且跳转至AccountController中的Login中
} ViewBag.IdentityName = identity.Name;
ViewBag.Scopes = (Request.QueryString.Get("scope") ?? "").Split(' '); if (Request.HttpMethod == "POST")
{
// 点击btnGrant就确认授权,返回token等信息
if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(Request.Form.Get("btnGrant")))
{
identity = new ClaimsIdentity(identity.Claims, "Bearer", identity.NameClaimType, identity.RoleClaimType);
foreach (var scope in ViewBag.Scopes)
{
identity.AddClaim(new Claim("urn:oauth:scope", scope));
}
authentication.SignIn(identity);
} if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(Request.Form.Get("btnOtherLogin")))
{
authentication.SignOut("Application");
authentication.Challenge("Application");
return new HttpUnauthorizedResult();
}
} return View();
}
}
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
<title>Authorize</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>认证页面</h1>
<form method="POST">
<p>登录用户:@ViewBag.IdentityName</p>
<p>第三方应用需要你给他开放以下权限</p>
<ul>
@foreach (var scope in ViewBag.Scopes)
{
<li>@scope</li>
}
</ul>
<p>
<input type="submit" name="btnGrant" value="确认授权" />
<input type="submit" name="btnOtherLogin" value="以不同用户登录" />
</p>
</form>
</body>
</html>
public class AccountController : Controller
{
public ActionResult Login()
{
var authentication = HttpContext.GetOwinContext().Authentication;
if (Request.HttpMethod == "POST")
{
// 默认用户登录成功
// 生产环境需要单独整合第三方登录信息
var username = Request.Form["username"]; authentication.SignIn(
new AuthenticationProperties { IsPersistent = true },
new ClaimsIdentity(
new[] { new Claim(ClaimsIdentity.DefaultNameClaimType, username) }, "Application"));
} return View();
} public ActionResult Logout()
{
return View();
}
}
运行项目,成功跳转至认证登录页面
点击登录,此时url地址为:
http://localhost:8270/OAuth/Authorize?client_id=123456&redirect_uri=http%3A%2F%2Flocalhost%3A4825%2F&state=IUKeWFTR1HKi4hlzKOOPgw&scope=scopes1%20scopes2&response_type=code
7.1 client_id为客户端ID,即之前我们在AuthorizationCodeGrant项目设置的clientID
7.2 redirect_uri、state为之前登录时就确定的值
7.3 scope为用户确定授权的范围
7.4 response_type=code,即指定为授权码模式
确认授权
此时url有变化:http://localhost:4825/?code=efab38fc30c741a198b20663ec60869a36c6b25ff21f4c9986bcb9c9ae8d20eb&state=tjB9jXhNiHvIr4Ko9VhEkw
注意:这一步会会默认获取Token
点击访问资源
完全能够对上;
url中的code即认证服务返回的授权码,之后Client请求Token会用这个code来交换
这个就是授权码模式的特色的地方了
自此,整个授权码模式已经完毕了哦
asp.net权限认证系列
- asp.net权限认证:Forms认证
- asp.net权限认证:HTTP基本认证(http basic)
- asp.net权限认证:Windows认证
- asp.net权限认证:摘要认证(digest authentication)
- asp.net权限认证:OWIN实现OAuth 2.0 之客户端模式(Client Credential)
- asp.net权限认证:OWIN实现OAuth 2.0 之密码模式(Resource Owner Password Credential)
- asp.net权限认证:OWIN实现OAuth 2.0 之授权码模式(Authorization Code)
- asp.net权限认证:OWIN实现OAuth 2.0 之简化模式(Implicit)