前言
上一篇讲到fixture通过scope参数控制setup级别，既然有setup作为用例之前的操作，用例执行完之后那肯定也有teardown操作。
这里用到fixture的teardown操作并不是独立的函数，用yield关键字呼唤teardown操作。
scope="module"
1.fixture参数scope="module",module作用是整个.py文件都会生效，用例调用时，参数写上函数名称就行。
# coding:utf-8
#test_fix1.py
import pytest
@pytest.fixture(scope="module")
def open():
print("打开浏览器，并且打开百度")
def test_1(open):
print("test_1:搜索fix1")
def test_2(open):
print("test_2:搜索fix2")
def test_3(open):
print("test_3:搜索fix3")
if __name__=="__main__":
pytest.main(["-s","test_fix1.py"])
运行结果：
从结果看出，虽然test_1,test_2,test_3三个地方都调用了open函数，但是它只会在第一个用例前执行一次。
2.如果test_1不调用，test_2(调用open)，test_3不调用，运行顺序会是怎样的？
# coding:utf-8
#test_fix1.py
import pytest
@pytest.fixture(scope="module")
def open():
print("打开浏览器，并且打开百度")
def test_1():#不调用open
print("test_1:搜索fix1")
def test_2(open):
print("test_2:搜索fix2")
def test_3(open):
print("test_3:搜索fix3")
if __name__=="__main__":
pytest.main(["-s","test_fix1.py"])
运行结果：
============================= test session starts =============================
platform win32 -- Python 3.8.2, pytest-6.1.2, py-1.9.0, pluggy-0.13.1
rootdir: D:\study\xyautotest
plugins: allure-pytest-2.8.19, Faker-4.18.0, hypothesis-6.14.6, assume-2.4.3, forked-1.3.0, html-2.1.1, metadata-1.10.0, ordering-0.6, rerunfailures-9.1.1, xdist-2.3.0, tep-0.8.9collected 3 items
test_001.py 打开浏览器，并且打开百度
.test_1:搜索fix1
.test_2:搜索fix2
.test_3:搜索fix3
[100%]
============================== 3 passed in 0.11s ==============================
从结果看出，module级别的fixture在当前.py模块里，只会在用例test_2 第一次调用前执行一次。
yield执行teardown
1.前面讲的是在用例前加前置条件，相当于setup，既然有setup那就有teardown,fixture里面的teardown用yield来唤醒teardown的执行。
# coding:utf-8
#test_fix1.py
import pytest
@pytest.fixture(scope="module")
def open():
print("打开浏览器，并且打开百度")
yield
print("执行teardown")
print("最后关闭浏览器")
def test_1(open):
print("test_1:搜索fix1")
def test_2():
print("test_2:搜索fix2")
def test_3():
print("test_3:搜索fix3")
if __name__=="__main__":
pytest.main(["-s","test_fix1.py"])
运行结果：
============================= test session starts =============================
platform win32 -- Python 3.8.2, pytest-6.1.2, py-1.9.0, pluggy-0.13.1
rootdir: D:\study\xyautotest
plugins: allure-pytest-2.8.19, Faker-4.18.0, hypothesis-6.14.6, assume-2.4.3, forked-1.3.0, html-2.1.1, metadata-1.10.0, ordering-0.6, rerunfailures-9.1.1, xdist-2.3.0, tep-0.8.9collected 3 items
test_001.py 打开浏览器，并且打开百度
.test_1:搜索fix1
.test_2:搜索fix2
.test_3:搜索fix3
执行teardown
最后关闭浏览器
[100%]
============================== 3 passed in 0.12s ==============================
yield遇到异常
1.如果其中一个用例出现异常，不影响yield后面的teardown执行，运行结果互不影响，并且全部用例执行完之后，yield呼唤teardown操作
# coding:utf-8
#test_fix1.py
import pytest
@pytest.fixture(scope="module")
def open():
print("打开浏览器，并且打开百度")
yield
print("执行teardown")
print("最后关闭浏览器")
def test_1(open):
print("test_1:搜索fix1")
raise NameError
def test_2():
print("test_2:搜索fix2")
def test_3():
print("test_3:搜索fix3")
if __name__=="__main__":
pytest.main(["-s","test_fix1.py"])
运行结果：
============================= test session starts =============================
platform win32 -- Python 3.8.2, pytest-6.1.2, py-1.9.0, pluggy-0.13.1
rootdir: D:\study\xyautotest
plugins: allure-pytest-2.8.19, Faker-4.18.0, hypothesis-6.14.6, assume-2.4.3, forked-1.3.0, html-2.1.1, metadata-1.10.0, ordering-0.6, rerunfailures-9.1.1, xdist-2.3.0, tep-0.8.9collected 3 items
test_001.py 打开浏览器，并且打开百度
Ftest_1:搜索fix1
test_001.py:8 (test_1)
open = None
def test_1(open):
print("test_1:搜索fix1")
> raise NameError
E NameError
test_001.py:11: NameError
.test_2:搜索fix2
.test_3:搜索fix3
执行teardown
最后关闭浏览器
[100%]
================================== FAILURES ===================================
___________________________________ test_1 ____________________________________
open = None
def test_1(open):
print("test_1:搜索fix1")
> raise NameError
E NameError
test_001.py:11: NameError
---------------------------- Captured stdout setup ----------------------------
打开浏览器，并且打开百度
---------------------------- Captured stdout call -----------------------------
test_1:搜索fix1
=========================== short test summary info ===========================
FAILED test_001.py::test_1 - NameError
========================= 1 failed, 2 passed in 0.35s =========================
2.如果在setup就异常了，那么是不会去执行yield后面的teardown内容了
# coding:utf-8
#test_fix1.py
import pytest
@pytest.fixture(scope="module")
def open():
print("打开浏览器，并且打开百度")
raise NameError
yield
print("执行teardown")
print("最后关闭浏览器")
def test_1(open):
print("test_1:搜索fix1")
def test_2():
print("test_2:搜索fix2")
def test_3():
print("test_3:搜索fix3")
if __name__=="__main__":
pytest.main(["-s","test_fix1.py"])
运行结果：
============================= test session starts =============================
platform win32 -- Python 3.8.2, pytest-6.1.2, py-1.9.0, pluggy-0.13.1
rootdir: D:\study\xyautotest
plugins: allure-pytest-2.8.19, Faker-4.18.0, hypothesis-6.14.6, assume-2.4.3, forked-1.3.0, html-2.1.1, metadata-1.10.0, ordering-0.6, rerunfailures-9.1.1, xdist-2.3.0, tep-0.8.9collected 3 items
test_001.py E打开浏览器，并且打开百度
test setup failed
@pytest.fixture(scope="module")
def open():
print("打开浏览器，并且打开百度")
> raise NameError
E NameError
test_001.py:6: NameError
.test_2:搜索fix2
.test_3:搜索fix3
[100%]
=================================== ERRORS ====================================
__________________________ ERROR at setup of test_1 ___________________________
@pytest.fixture(scope="module")
def open():
print("打开浏览器，并且打开百度")
> raise NameError
E NameError
test_001.py:6: NameError
---------------------------- Captured stdout setup ----------------------------
打开浏览器，并且打开百度
=========================== short test summary info ===========================
ERROR test_001.py::test_1 - NameError
========================= 2 passed, 1 error in 0.25s ==========================
addfinalizer终结函数
1.除了yield可以实现teardown,在request-context对象中注册addfinalizer方法也可以实现终结函数。
2.yield和addfinalizer方法都是在测试完成后呼叫相应的代码。但是addfinalizer不同的是：
- 他可以注册多个终结函数。
- 这些终结方法总是会被执行，无论在之前的setup code有没有抛出错误。这个方法对于正确关闭所有的fixture创建的资源非常便利，即使其一在创建或获取时失败