Flask、Tornado、Nginx搭建Https服务

其实Flask可以直接用tornado部署就行:

# coding=utf-8
from tornado.wsgi import WSGIContainer
from tornado.httpserver import HTTPServer
from tornado.ioloop import IOLoop
from app.app_main import app


if __name__ == '__main__':
    http_server = HTTPServer(WSGIContainer(app))
    http_server.listen(9050)
    IOLoop.instance().start()

 

以上就可以直接通过访问ip或者域名加9050端口就可以访问了。

但是,如果要支持https呢?要直接访问域名(域名后面不叫端口号)呢?同时访问http直接跳转到http是呢?

接下来讲一下:

首先,部署方式要修改一下代码:

# coding=utf-8
import os.path
from tornado.httpserver import HTTPServer
from tornado.wsgi import WSGIContainer
from tornado import ioloop
from app.app_main import app


pl = os.getcwd().split('cover_app_platform')
cert_path = pl[0] + r'cover_app_platform\\app\\https_cert\\'


def main():
    application = HTTPServer(WSGIContainer(app))
    # https证书地址
    https_cert_file = cert_path + 'covercert.pem'
    # https证书私钥地址
    https_key_file = cert_path + 'privatekey.pem'
    # https服务
    server = HTTPServer(application, ssl_options={"certfile": https_cert_file, "keyfile": https_key_file})
    # 9070启动端口
    server.listen(9070)
    ioloop.IOLoop.instance().start()


if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()

当然,怎么生成“covercert.pem”和'privatekey.pem'文件呢,你可以找你们运维给你生成,或者让运维给你跟证书,自己生成:

# 生成证书的申请文件和私钥文件
openssl  req -nodes -newkey rsa:1024 -out coverreq.pem -keyout privatekey.pem
# req:request的简写,代表发出一个申请数字证书的请求 # -nodes:不生成pin码,简化流程 # -newkey:生成新证书并指明加密算法和长度,也可以写成2048 # -out:输出一个请求文件,非密码文件 # -keyout:生成私钥 # 生成证书 :使用申请文件和私钥进行证书的申请,自己给自己颁发证书 openssl req -in coverreq.pem -x509 -key privatekey.pem -out covercert.pem -days 3650
# -in:用之前的申请文件作为输入
# -x509:证书格式
# -key:私钥文件
# -out:产出的证书文件
# -days:证书有效期

 

然后我们来配置nginx,怎么安装就不介绍了:

在配置nginx\conf\nginx.conf 配置文件前,先copy保存一下,

找到http{}段:

http {
    include       mime.types;
    default_type  application/octet-stream;

    #log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
    #                  '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
    #                  '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';

    #access_log  logs/access.log  main;

    sendfile        on;
    #tcp_nopush     on;

    #keepalive_timeout  0;
    keepalive_timeout  65;

    #gzip  on;

    server {
        listen       80;
        server_name  xx.thecover.cn;
        rewrite ^(.*) https://$server_name$1 permanent;

        # charset utf-8;

        #access_log  logs/host.access.log  main;

        location / {
            proxy_pass https://localhost:9070;
        }

        #error_page  404              /404.html;

        # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
        #
        error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
        location = /50x.html {
            root   html;
        }

        # proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80
        #
        #location ~ \.php$ {
        #    proxy_pass   http://127.0.0.1;
        #}

        # pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
        #
        #location ~ \.php$ {
        #    root           html;
        #    fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;
        #    fastcgi_index  index.php;
        #    fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;
        #    include        fastcgi_params;
        #}

        # deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root
        # concurs with nginx's one
        #
        #location ~ /\.ht {
        #    deny  all;
        #}
    }

server里我们配置运行的端口为80,域名为“xx.thecover.cn”,“rewrite ^(.*) https://$server_name$1 permanent;”  请求都转发到https,比如客服端访问http域名,也直接转为https。

location 里直接配置我们flask启动的地址和端口“proxy_pass https://localhost:9070;”。

接下来配置Https:

配置https前,我们需要把证书和私钥文件放到nginx下的/conf/cert目录下,一般conf下没有cert文件夹的,需要直接建一个:

Flask、Tornado、Nginx搭建Https服务

 

 

 然后找到# HTTPS server段:

server{}这里一般都是注释了的,都打开:

 # HTTPS server
    #
    server {
        listen       443 ssl;
        server_name   localhost;

        ssl_certificate      cert/covercert.pem;
        ssl_certificate_key  cert/privatekey.pem;

        ssl_session_cache    shared:SSL:1m;
        ssl_session_timeout  5m;

        ssl_ciphers  HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5;
        ssl_protocols TLSv1 TLSv1.1 TLSv1.2;
        ssl_prefer_server_ciphers  on;

        location / {
            #root   html;
            #index  index.html index.htm;
            proxy_pass   https://localhost:9070;
        }

    }

如上配置就行,localtion里也需要配置flask访问的地址。

ok,到此为止,我们就配置好了:

直接访问域名:https://xx.thecover.cn,http:xx.thecover.cn, https:xx.thecover.cn:9070,都可以访问,妥妥的。

Flask、Tornado、Nginx搭建Https服务

 

 

 

 

 另外,如果https证书是自己建立的话,浏览器访问会提示无效,或者不安全,还是要跟证书来生成才行。

 

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