WDA中ALV的颜色控制和REPORT开发中的ALV颜色设置类似，只是写法有些不同，同用需要在内表里加入控制颜色的字段，在处理数据的时候对它赋值就可以

首先在内表中添加控制颜色的字段

在初始化ALV的时候设置相应字段的属性

  DATA: LT_COLUMNS TYPE SALV_WD_T_COLUMN_REF,
        LS_COLUMNS TYPE SALV_WD_S_COLUMN_REF.
* define UI element
  DATA: LC_INPUT  TYPE REF TO CL_SALV_WD_UIE_INPUT_FIELD.
* define column header
  DATA: LC_COLUMN_HEADER TYPE REF TO CL_SALV_WD_COLUMN_HEADER.
* set columns table
  LT_COLUMNS =  WD_THIS->ALV_CONFIG_TABLE->IF_SALV_WD_COLUMN_SETTINGS~GET_COLUMNS( ).

  LOOP AT LT_COLUMNS INTO LS_COLUMNS.
    CASE LS_COLUMNS-ID.
          WHEN 'ID'.
            LS_COLUMNS-R_COLUMN->SET_CELL_DESIGN( CL_WD_ABSTR_MASTER_TABLE_COL=>E_CELL_DESIGN-POSITIVE ).
          WHEN 'NAME'.
            LS_COLUMNS-R_COLUMN->SET_CELL_DESIGN_FIELDNAME( 'CELL_BACKG' ).
          WHEN 'PHONE'.
            DATA LR_CELL_EDITOR TYPE REF TO CL_SALV_WD_UIE.
            DATA LR_TEXT_VIEW TYPE REF TO CL_SALV_WD_UIE_TEXT_VIEW.

            LR_CELL_EDITOR = LS_COLUMNS-R_COLUMN->GET_CELL_EDITOR( ).
            IF LR_CELL_EDITOR->EDITOR = IF_SALV_WD_C_COLUMN_SETTINGS=>CELL_EDITOR_TEXT_VIEW.
              LR_TEXT_VIEW ?= LR_CELL_EDITOR.
              LR_TEXT_VIEW->SET_SEMANTIC_COLOR_FIELDNAME( 'TEXT_BACKG' ).
            ENDIF.
      WHEN OTHERS.
    ENDCASE.

  ENDLOOP.

 在处理数据的时候对相应控制颜色的字段赋值

  DATA LO_ND_GT_ALV2 TYPE REF TO IF_WD_CONTEXT_NODE.

  DATA LT_GT_ALV2 TYPE WD_THIS->ELEMENTS_GT_ALV2.
  DATA LS_GT_ALV2  LIKE LINE OF LT_GT_ALV2 .

  LS_GT_ALV2-ID = '0000000010'.
  LS_GT_ALV2-NAME = 'AFFILSC'.
  LS_GT_ALV2-PHONE = '1544894651656'.
  LS_GT_ALV2-CELL_BACKG = cl_wd_abstr_master_table_col=>e_cell_design-criticalvalue_medium.
  APPEND LS_GT_ALV2 TO LT_GT_ALV2 .

  CLEAR LS_GT_ALV2 .
  LS_GT_ALV2-ID = '0000000020'.
  LS_GT_ALV2-NAME = 'DEFFINE'.
  LS_GT_ALV2-PHONE = '1544894651656'.
  LS_GT_ALV2-TEXT_BACKG = cl_wd_text_view=>e_semantic_color-critical..
  APPEND LS_GT_ALV2 TO LT_GT_ALV2 .

  CLEAR LS_GT_ALV2 .
  LS_GT_ALV2-ID = '0000000030'.
  LS_GT_ALV2-NAME = 'CLOGNPD'.
  LS_GT_ALV2-PHONE = '1544894651656'.
  LS_GT_ALV2-COL_BACKG = cl_wd_abstr_master_table_col=>e_cell_design-group_level2.
  APPEND LS_GT_ALV2 TO LT_GT_ALV2 .

* navigate from <CONTEXT> to <GT_ALV2> via lead selection
  LO_ND_GT_ALV2 = WD_CONTEXT->GET_CHILD_NODE( NAME = WD_THIS->WDCTX_GT_ALV2 ).
*
  LO_ND_GT_ALV2->BIND_TABLE( NEW_ITEMS = LT_GT_ALV2 SET_INITIAL_ELEMENTS = ABAP_TRUE ).

 效果：