最近做的后台管理项目,页面路由是单独有一个操作页面管理,增加修改删除,所以路由就需要做成动态的.由后台保存,登录时获取加载,这里把方法记录下来 这里用的项目代码是git上一位大神的项目,GitHub地址:https://github.com/PanJiaChen/vue-element-admin,是一个很优秀的后台管理项目,大家可以下载下来看下

 

动态路由主要是两点,一是需要从后台获取路由,二是在什么时候把异步获取的路由添加进去   需要改动的文件,以这个项目目录为例 router>index.js

import Vue from 'vue'
import Router from 'vue-router'

Vue.use(Router)

/* Layout */
import Layout from '@/layout'

// 静态路由,这里写好一些不需要从后台获取的路由,如首页,404页面
export const constantRoutes = [
  {
    path: '/login',
    component: () => import('@/views/login/index'),
    hidden: true
  },
  {
    path: '/404',
    component: () => import('@/views/error-page/404'),
    hidden: true
  }
  ....
]

const createRouter = () => new Router({
  scrollBehavior: () => ({ y: 0 }),
  routes: constantRoutes
})

const router = createRouter()

// 重置路由
export function resetRouter() {
  const newRouter = createRouter()
  router.matcher = newRouter.matcher // reset router
}

export default router

 

一般把获取路由,路由的方法放在vuex中 store>modules>permission.js

import { constantRoutes } from '@/router'
import { getRoutes } from '@/api/role' // 获取路由的接口方法
import Layout from '@/layout'

/**
 * Use meta.role to determine if the current user has permission
 * @param roles
 * @param route
 */
function hasPermission(roles, route) {
  if (route.meta && route.meta.roles) {
    return roles.some(role => route.meta.roles.includes(role))
  } else {
    return true
  }
}

/**
 * 把后台返回菜单组装成routes要求的格式
 * @param {*} routes
 */
export function getAsyncRoutes(routes) {
  const res = []
  const keys = ['path', 'name', 'children', 'redirect', 'alwaysShow', 'meta', 'hidden']
  routes.forEach(item => {
    const newItem = {}
    if (item.component) {
      if (item.component === 'layout/Layout') {
        newItem.component = Layout
      } else {
        newItem.component = () => import(`@/${item.component}`)
      }
    }
    for (const key in item) {
      if (keys.includes(key)) {
        newItem[key] = item[key]
      }
    }
    if (newItem.children && newItem.children.length) {
      newItem.children = getAsyncRoutes(item.children)
    }
    res.push(newItem)
  })
  return res
}

/**
 * Filter asynchronous routing tables by recursion
 * @param routes asyncRoutes
 * @param roles
 */
export function filterAsyncRoutes(routes, roles) {
  const res = []

  routes.forEach(route => {
    const tmp = { ...route }
    if (hasPermission(roles, tmp)) {
      if (tmp.children) {
        tmp.children = filterAsyncRoutes(tmp.children, roles)
      }
      res.push(tmp)
    }
  })

  return res
}

const state = {
  routes: [],
  addRoutes: []
}

const mutations = {
  SET_ROUTES: (state, routes) => {
    state.addRoutes = routes
    state.routes = constantRoutes.concat(routes)
  }
}

const actions = {
  generateRoutes({ commit }, roles) {
    return new Promise(async resolve => {
      let accessedRoutes
      const routes = await getRoutes() // 获取到后台路由
      const asyncRoutes = getAsyncRoutes(routes.data) // 对路由格式进行处理
      console.log(33, routes, asyncRoutes)
      if (roles.includes('admin')) {
        accessedRoutes = asyncRoutes || []
      } else { // 这里是有做权限过滤的,如果不需要就不用
        accessedRoutes = filterAsyncRoutes(asyncRoutes, roles)
      }
      commit('SET_ROUTES', accessedRoutes)
      resolve(accessedRoutes)
    })
  }
}

export default {
  namespaced: true,
  state,
  mutations,
  actions
}

 

拿到异步路由后,需要在路由拦截中加入 permission.js

import router from './router'
import store from './store'
import { Message } from 'element-ui'
import NProgress from 'nprogress' // progress bar
import 'nprogress/nprogress.css' // progress bar style
import { getToken } from '@/utils/auth' // get token from cookie
import getPageTitle from '@/utils/get-page-title'

NProgress.configure({ showSpinner: false }) // NProgress Configuration

const whiteList = ['/login', '/auth-redirect'] // no redirect whitelist

router.beforeEach(async(to, from, next) => {
  // start progress bar
  NProgress.start()

  // set page title
  document.title = getPageTitle(to.meta.title)

  // determine whether the user has logged in
  const hasToken = getToken()

  if (hasToken) {
    if (to.path === '/login') {
      // if is logged in, redirect to the home page
      next({ path: '/' })
      NProgress.done()
    } else {
      // determine whether the user has obtained his permission roles through getInfo
      const hasRoles = store.getters.roles && store.getters.roles.length > 0
      if (hasRoles) {
        next()
      } else {
        try {
          // get user info
          // note: roles must be a object array! such as: ['admin'] or ,['developer','editor']
          const { roles } = await store.dispatch('user/getInfo')

          // 在这里获取异步路由
          const accessRoutes = await store.dispatch('permission/generateRoutes', roles)
          // 调用router.addRoutes方法,将异步路由添加进去
          router.addRoutes(accessRoutes)
          // console.log(44, router)

          // hack method to ensure that addRoutes is complete
          // set the replace: true, so the navigation will not leave a history record
          next({ ...to, replace: true })
        } catch (error) {
          // remove token and go to login page to re-login
          await store.dispatch('user/resetToken')
          Message.error(error || 'Has Error')
          next(`/login?redirect=${to.path}`)
          NProgress.done()
        }
      }
    }
  } else {
    /* has no token*/

    if (whiteList.indexOf(to.path) !== -1) {
      // in the free login whitelist, go directly
      next()
    } else {
      // other pages that do not have permission to access are redirected to the login page.
      next(`/login?redirect=${to.path}`)
      NProgress.done()
    }
  }
})

router.afterEach(() => {
  // finish progress bar
  NProgress.done()
})

 

后台接口数据(这个项目是用mock模拟的,实际你替换一下接口地址就行) 后台的数据格式参考这个格式

export const asyncRoutes = [
  {
    path: '/permission',
    component: 'layout/Layout',
    redirect: '/permission/index',
    alwaysShow: true,
    meta: {
      title: 'Permission',
      icon: 'lock',
      roles: ['admin', 'editor']
    },
    children: [
      {
        path: 'page',
        component: 'views/permission/page',
        name: 'PagePermission',
        meta: {
          title: 'Page Permission',
          roles: ['admin']
        }
      },
      {
        path: 'directive',
        component: 'views/permission/directive',
        name: 'DirectivePermission',
        meta: {
          title: 'Directive Permission'
        }
      },
      {
        path: 'role',
        component: 'views/permission/role',
        name: 'RolePermission',
        meta: {
          title: 'Role Permission',
          roles: ['admin']
        }
      }
    ]
  },

  {
    path: '/icon',
    component: 'layout/Layout',
    children: [
      {
        path: 'index',
        component: 'views/icons/index',
        name: 'Icons',
        meta: { title: 'Icons', icon: 'icon', noCache: true }
      }
    ]
  }
]

 

这个文件改下,之前返回的是全部的路由,现在只需要异步路由 mock>role>index.js

export default [
  // mock get all routes form server
  {
    url: '/vue-element-admin/routes',
    type: 'get',
    response: _ => {
      return {
        code: 20000,
        data: asyncRoutes
      }
    }
  }
]

 

到这里就OK了,总结一下: 1. 路由文件中把需要从后台获取的路由都删除,只留下静态路由
2. 在vuex中定义一个路由模块,state存放路由,action获取路由,将获取路由的方法放在actions中
3. 在路由拦截router.beforeEach方法中,调用vuex中的获取路由方法拿到异步路由,调用router.addRoutes方法,将异步路由添加进去


这里补充一下,使用这个项目添加动态路由时由于babel-eslint的版本问题,不支持newItem.component = () => import(`@/${item.component}`)这种写法,页面空白,控制台报错 Module build failed (from ./node_modules/_eslint-loader@2.2.1@eslint-loader/index.js): TypeError: Cannot read property 'range' of null
我把这个版本改成推荐的稳定版7.2.3之后就可以了 你们可以直接修改package包的版本后再install,不然删包之后再下载可能有缓存,我就是这样,一番折腾。                 转自：https://www.cnblogs.com/steamed-twisted-roll/p/12705041.html