Spring Cloud Zuul的动态路由怎样做?集成Nacos实现很简单

Spring Cloud Zuul的动态路由怎样做?集成Nacos实现很简单
一、说明
网关的核心概念就是路由配置和路由规则,而作为所有请求流量的入口,在实际生产环境中为了保证高可靠和高可用,是尽量要避免重启的,所以实现动态路由是非常有必要的;本文主要介绍实现的思路,并且以Nacos为数据源来讲解

二、实现要点
要实现动态路由只需关注下面4个点

网关启动时,动态路由的数据怎样加载进来
静态路由与动态路由以那个为准,ps:静态路由指的是配置文件里写死的路由配置
监听动态路由的数据源变化
数据有变化时怎样通知zuul刷新路由

三、具体实现
3.1. 实现动态路由的数据加载
重写SimpleRouteLocator类的locateRoutes方法,此方法是加载路由配置的,父类中是获取properties中的路由配置,可以通过扩展此方法,达到动态获取配置的目的
这里采用静态路由与动态路由共存,相同路由id以动态路由优先覆盖的实现方式
AbstractDynRouteLocator类可查看:AbstractDynRouteLocator.java

public abstract class AbstractDynRouteLocator extends SimpleRouteLocator implements RefreshableRouteLocator {

private ZuulProperties properties;

public AbstractDynRouteLocator(String servletPath, ZuulProperties properties) {
    super(servletPath, properties);
    this.properties = properties;
}

/**
 * 刷新路由
 */
@Override
public void refresh() {
    doRefresh();
}

@Override
protected Map<String, ZuulRoute> locateRoutes() {
    LinkedHashMap<String, ZuulRoute> routesMap = new LinkedHashMap<>();
    // 从application.properties中加载静态路由信息
    routesMap.putAll(super.locateRoutes());
    // 从数据源中加载动态路由信息
    routesMap.putAll(loadDynamicRoute());
    // 优化一下配置
    LinkedHashMap<String, ZuulRoute> values = new LinkedHashMap<>();
    for (Map.Entry<String, ZuulRoute> entry : routesMap.entrySet()) {
        String path = entry.getKey();
        // Prepend with slash if not already present.
        if (!path.startsWith("/")) {
            path = "/" + path;
        }
        if (StringUtils.hasText(this.properties.getPrefix())) {
            path = this.properties.getPrefix() + path;
            if (!path.startsWith("/")) {
                path = "/" + path;
            }
        }
        values.put(path, entry.getValue());
    }
    return values;
}

/**
 * 加载路由配置,由子类去实现
 */
public abstract Map<String, ZuulRoute> loadDynamicRoute();

}
由于动态路由的数据可以有很多种途径,如:Nacos、Redis、Zookeeper、DB等,所以这里定义一个抽象类,由具体的实现类去定义loadDynamicRoute方法

3.2. Nacos路由实现类
NacosDynRouteLocator类完整的代码实现可查看:NacosDynRouteLocator.java

3.2.1. 实现loadDynamicRoute方法获取动态数据

@Override
public Map<String, ZuulProperties.ZuulRoute> loadDynamicRoute() {
    Map<String, ZuulRoute> routes = new LinkedHashMap<>();
    if (zuulRouteEntities == null) {
        zuulRouteEntities = getNacosConfig();
    }
    for (ZuulRouteEntity result : zuulRouteEntities) {
        if (StrUtil.isBlank(result.getPath()) || !result.isEnabled()) {
            continue;
        }
        ZuulRoute zuulRoute = new ZuulRoute();
        BeanUtil.copyProperties(result, zuulRoute);
        routes.put(zuulRoute.getPath(), zuulRoute);
    }
    return routes;
}
    
private List<ZuulRouteEntity> getNacosConfig() {
    try {
        String content = nacosConfigProperties.configServiceInstance().getConfig(ZUUL_DATA_ID, ZUUL_GROUP_ID,5000);
        return getListByStr(content);
    } catch (NacosException e) {
        log.error("listenerNacos-error", e);
    }
    return new ArrayList<>(0);
}

3.2.2. 增加NacosListener监听路由数据变化

private void addListener() {
    try {
        nacosConfigProperties.configServiceInstance().addListener(ZUUL_DATA_ID, ZUUL_GROUP_ID, new Listener() {
            @Override
            public Executor getExecutor() {
                return null;
            }

            @Override
            public void receiveConfigInfo(String configInfo) {
                //赋值路由信息
                locator.setZuulRouteEntities(getListByStr(configInfo));
                RoutesRefreshedEvent routesRefreshedEvent = new RoutesRefreshedEvent(locator);
                publisher.publishEvent(routesRefreshedEvent);
            }
        });
    } catch (NacosException e) {
        log.error("nacos-addListener-error", e);
    }
}

注意路由数据变化后不需要自己手动刷新路由,只需要给zuul发送一个RoutesRefreshedEvent事件即可,zuul自己有个ZuulRefreshListener类会监听事件帮我们刷新路由

3.3. 配置类创建NacosDynRouteLocator的Bean
DynamicZuulRouteConfig可查看:NacosDynRouteLocator.java

@Configuration
@ConditionalOnProperty(prefix = "zlt.gateway.dynamicRoute", name = "enabled", havingValue = "true")
public class DynamicZuulRouteConfig {

@Autowired
private ZuulProperties zuulProperties;

@Autowired
private DispatcherServletPath dispatcherServletPath;

/**
 * Nacos实现方式
 */
@Configuration
@ConditionalOnProperty(prefix = "zlt.gateway.dynamicRoute", name = "dataType", havingValue = "nacos", matchIfMissing = true)
public class NacosZuulRoute {
    @Autowired
    private NacosConfigProperties nacosConfigProperties;

    @Autowired
    private ApplicationEventPublisher publisher;

    @Bean
    public NacosDynRouteLocator nacosDynRouteLocator() {
        return new NacosDynRouteLocator(nacosConfigProperties, publisher, dispatcherServletPath.getPrefix(), zuulProperties);
    }
}

}
这里通过自定义配置来控制是否开启动态路由功能

3.4. 添加Nacos路由配置
file
新增配置项:

Data Id:zuul-routes
Group:ZUUL_GATEWAY
配置内容:
[

{
    "enabled":true,
    "id":"csdn",
    "path":"/csdn/**",
    "retryable":false,
    "stripPrefix":true,
    "url":"https://www.csdn.net/"
}, {
    "enabled":true,
    "id":"github",
    "path":"/github/**",
    "retryable":false,
    "stripPrefix":true,
    "url":"http://github.com/"
}

]
添加两条路由数据

四、测试
启动网关通过/actuator/routes端点查看当前路由信息
file

可以看到静态路由和Nacos里配置的两条路由信息并存显示

修改Nacos配置,关闭csdn路由
file
刷新查看网关的路由信息
file

csdn的路由已经看不到了,实现了动态改变路由配置
原文地址https://www.cnblogs.com/zlt2000/p/11428272.html

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