前言
接口自动化中最常见的问题就是参数关联：如何把上个接口返回数据传个下个接口当入参。
cy.request() 发请求时，可以用 .as() 方法保存上个接口返回的对象，方便后面的接口调用数据。
cy.request()
cy.request() 可以发送 XHR 请求
访问接口地址：https://jsonplaceholder.cypress.io/comments
接口返回数据
[
{
"postId": 1,
"id": 1,
"name": "id labore ex et quam laborum",
"email": "Eliseo@gardner.biz",
"body": "laudantium enim quasi est quidem magnam voluptate ..."
},
{
"postId": 1,
"id": 2,
"name": "quo vero reiciendis velit similique earum",
"email": "Jayne_Kuhic@sydney.com",
"body": "est natus enim nihil est dolore omnis voluptatem ..."
}
.....
]
使用 cy.request() 发get请求，对 response 结果断言
/**
* Created by dell on 2020/6/5.
* 作者：上海-悠悠 交流QQ群:939110556
*/
describe(‘network request‘, function() {
it("network request", function()
{
cy.request(‘https://jsonplaceholder.cypress.io/comments‘)
.should((response) => {
expect(response.status).to.eq(200)
expect(response.body).to.have.length(500)
expect(response).to.have.property(‘headers‘)
expect(response).to.have.property(‘duration‘)
})
})
})
运行结果
参数关联
将上个接口的 response 数据传给下个请求
接口1：
GET https://jsonplaceholder.cypress.io/users?_limit=1
返回:
[
{
"id": 1,
"name": "Leanne Graham",
"username": "Bret",
"email": "Sincere@april.biz",
"address": {
"street": "Kulas Light",
"suite": "Apt. 556",
"city": "Gwenborough",
"zipcode": "92998-3874",
"geo": {
"lat": "-37.3159",
"lng": "81.1496"
}
},
"phone": "1-770-736-8031 x56442",
"website": "hildegard.org",
"company": {
"name": "Romaguera-Crona",
"catchPhrase": "Multi-layered client-server neural-net",
"bs": "harness real-time e-markets"
}
}
]
接口2：
POST https://jsonplaceholder.cypress.io/posts
body:
{
userId: user.id,
title: ‘Cypress Test Runner‘,
body: ‘Fast, easy and reliable testing for anything that runs in a browser.‘,
}
接口返回
{
"userId": 1,
"title": "Cypress Test Runner",
"body": "Fast, easy and reliable testing for anything that runs in a browser.",
"id": 101
}
.its() 生成接口返回对象关联案例
/**
* Created by dell on 2020/6/5.
* 作者：上海-悠悠 交流QQ群:939110556
*/
describe(‘network request‘, function() {
it("pass the response data to the next request.", function()
{
// 先发一个请求，获取返回的接口数据
cy.request(‘https://jsonplaceholder.cypress.io/users?_limit=1‘)
.its(‘body.0‘) // 返回一个list,获取list第一个对象
.then((user) => {
expect(user).property(‘id‘).to.be.a(‘number‘)
// 发个新的post请求，userId用上个请求返回的数据
cy.request(‘POST‘, ‘https://jsonplaceholder.cypress.io/posts‘, {
userId: user.id,
title: ‘Cypress Test Runner‘,
body: ‘Fast, easy and reliable testing for anything that runs in a browser.‘,
})
})
// 注意这里的值是第二个请求的返回值
// response 是一个新的 post对象
.then((response) => {
expect(response).property(‘status‘).to.equal(201) // new entity created
expect(response).property(‘body‘).to.contain({
title: ‘Cypress Test Runner‘,
})
// 我们不知道实际response返回的id值是多少 - 但是我们可以判断值 > 100
// since JSONPlaceholder has built-in 100 posts
expect(response.body).property(‘id‘).to.be.a(‘number‘)
.and.to.be.gt(100)
// we don‘t know the user id here - since it was in above closure
// so in this test just confirm that the property is there
expect(response.body).property(‘userId‘).to.be.a(‘number‘)
})
})
})
运行结果
.as() 别名使用
还有更好的处理方式，可以使用.as() 别名保存响应数据，以便稍后在共享测试上下文中使用
/**
* Created by dell on 2020/6/5.
* 作者：上海-悠悠 交流QQ群:939110556
*/
describe(‘network request‘, function() {
it("save the response data shared test context", function()
{
cy.request(‘https://jsonplaceholder.cypress.io/users?_limit=1‘)
.its(‘body.0‘) // yields the first element of the returned list
.as(‘user‘) // saves the object in the test context
.then(function () {
// NOTE ??
// By the time this callback runs the "as(‘user‘)" command
// has saved the user object in the test context.
// To access the test context we need to use
// the "function () { ... }" callback form,
// otherwise "this" points at a wrong or undefined object!
cy.request(‘POST‘, ‘https://jsonplaceholder.cypress.io/posts‘, {
userId: this.user.id,
title: ‘Cypress Test Runner‘,
body: ‘Fast, easy and reliable testing for anything that runs in a browser.‘,
})
.its(‘body‘).as(‘post‘) // save the new post from the response
})
.then(function () {
// When this callback runs, both "cy.request" API commands have finished
// and the test context has "user" and "post" objects set.
// Let‘s verify them.
expect(this.post, ‘post has the right user id‘)
.property(‘userId‘).to.equal(this.user.id)
})
})
})
运行结果