.net6发布后,迫不及待的将.net5的一个项目迁移到了.net6,这里记录迁移过程中遇到的问题,详细的迁移可以参考微软这个地址 参考
先决条件
首先要安装最新版的vs2022才能开发.net6项目。我这里没有直接去.net5项目上做更改,而是用vs2022新建一个.net6的asp.netcore web空项目,然后再把.net5的代码copy过来
变化点
.net6最大的变化在于Startup.cs和 Program.cs文件
最小宿主模型:
大大减少了创建应用程序所需的文件和代码行数。 只有一个文件需要四行代码。
Startup.cs将和 Program.cs 合并到单个 Program.cs 文件中。
使用 *语句 来最大程度地减少应用程序所需的代码。
使用全局 using 指令消除或最大程度地减少所需的 using 语句行数。
以上是微软官方的话语,其实就是微软化繁为简,把之前startup里的代码又放回了program里面,同时为了省事把main函数以及花括号通通删掉,namespace也做了优化,最终我们看到的program变成了这样
var builder = WebApplication.CreateBuilder(args);
// Add services to the container.
builder.Services.AddRazorPages();
var app = builder.Build();
// Configure the HTTP request pipeline.
if (!app.Environment.IsDevelopment())
{
app.UseExceptionHandler("/Error");
// The default HSTS value is 30 days. You may want to change this for production scenarios, see https://aka.ms/aspnetcore-hsts.
app.UseHsts();
}
app.UseHttpsRedirection();
app.UseStaticFiles();
app.UseRouting();
app.UseAuthorization();
app.MapRazorPages();
app.Run();
在我们的.net5项目里,我们使用了NewtonsoftJson组件以及IHttpContextAccessor来获取httpcontext,startup类的代码如下
public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
{
services.AddControllers().AddNewtonsoftJson(options =>
{
// 设置时间格式
options.SerializerSettings.DateFormatString = "yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss";
//忽略null值
options.SerializerSettings.NullValueHandling = NullValueHandling.Ignore;
});
services.AddMvc();
services.AddHealthChecks();
//注入HttpContextAccessor
services.AddSingleton<IHttpContextAccessor, HttpContextAccessor>();
}
public void Configure(IApplicationBuilder app, IWebHostEnvironment env, IHttpContextAccessor accessor)
{
//设置HttpContextAccessor实例
HttpContextHelper._accessor = accessor;
...
}
.net6的方案
根据微软官方说法
- ConfigureServices 已替换为 WebApplication.Services 。
- builder.Build() 返回配置 WebApplication 为该变量的 app 。 Configure 使用对相同服务的配置调用将替换为 app 。
于是我们的Program.cs代码改为
builder.Services.AddControllers().AddNewtonsoftJson(options =>
{
// 设置时间格式
options.SerializerSettings.DateFormatString = "yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss";
//忽略null值
options.SerializerSettings.NullValueHandling = NullValueHandling.Ignore;
});
//注入HttpContextAccessor
builder.Services.AddSingleton<IHttpContextAccessor, HttpContextAccessor>();
...
var app = builder.Build();
//初始化HttpContextAccessor实例
var httpContextAccessor = app.ApplicationServices.GetRequiredService<IHttpContextAccessor>();
HttpContextHelper._accessor = httpContextAccessor;
当然我们可以通过扩展方法来优化下代码
public static void AddHttpContextAccessor(this IServiceCollection services)
{
services.AddSingleton<IHttpContextAccessor, HttpContextAccessor>();
}
public static IApplicationBuilder UseStaticHttpContext(this IApplicationBuilder app)
{
var httpContextAccessor = app.ApplicationServices.GetRequiredService<IHttpContextAccessor>();
HttpContextHelper._accessor = httpContextAccessor;
return app;
}
通过以上改造,.net6项目正常运行了,后面就是把.net5项目的业务代码copy到新项目即可
最终的代码如下
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.ResponseCompression;
using Swashbuckle.AspNetCore.Swagger;
var builder = WebApplication.CreateBuilder(args);
// Add services to the container.
builder.Services.AddControllers().AddNewtonsoftJson(options =>
{
// 设置时间格式
options.SerializerSettings.DateFormatString = "yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss";
//忽略null值
options.SerializerSettings.NullValueHandling = NullValueHandling.Ignore;
});
builder.Services.AddResponseCompression(options =>
{
options.Providers.Add<GzipCompressionProvider>();
});
builder.Services.AddMvc();
builder.Services.AddHealthChecks();
// Learn more about configuring Swagger/OpenAPI at https://aka.ms/aspnetcore/swashbuckle
builder.Services.AddEndpointsApiExplorer();
builder.Services.AddSwaggerGen(c =>
{
c.SwaggerDoc("v1", new Microsoft.OpenApi.Models.OpenApiInfo { Title = "My-API", Version = "v1" });
var basePath = Path.GetDirectoryName(typeof(Program).Assembly.Location);
var xmlPath = Path.Combine(basePath, "SwaggerDemo.xml");
c.IncludeXmlComments(xmlPath);
});
//注入HttpContextAccessor
builder.Services.AddHttpContextAccessor();
var app = builder.Build();
// Configure the HTTP request pipeline.
if (app.Environment.IsDevelopment())
{
app.UseSwagger();
app.UseSwaggerUI(c =>
{
c.SwaggerEndpoint("/swagger/v1/swagger.json", "My-API");
});
}
//设置HttpContextAccessor实例
app.UseStaticHttpContext();
...
app.Run();