在oracle 实例关闭的情况下，Oracle 软件从10.2.0.1 升级到 10.2.0.5 之后，存在的数据库也要升级。
此时启动实例会报错 ORA-01092: ORACLE instance terminated. Disconnection forced
SQL> alter database open;
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-01092: ORACLE instance terminated. Disconnection forced
第一步，通过startup upgrade启动实例
SQL> startup upgrade;
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 322961408 bytes
Fixed Size 2095992 bytes
Variable Size 100664456 bytes
Database Buffers 213909504 bytes
Redo Buffers 6291456 bytes
Database mounted.
Database opened.
第二步，升级数据字典和实例等。
SQL>@ORACLE_HOME\rdbms\admin\catupgrd.sql
整个过程需要15分钟至30分钟左右
升级完毕显示如下：
Oracle Database 10.2 Upgrade Status Utility 09-11-2014 21:48:21
Component Status Version HH:MM:SS
Oracle Database Server VALID 10.2.0.5.0 00:15:41
JServer JAVA Virtual Machine VALID 10.2.0.5.0 00:06:46
Oracle XDK VALID 10.2.0.5.0 00:00:51
Oracle Database Java Packages VALID 10.2.0.5.0 00:00:45
Oracle Text VALID 10.2.0.5.0 00:01:07
Oracle XML Database VALID 10.2.0.5.0 00:03:26
Oracle Workspace Manager VALID 10.2.0.5.0 00:01:21
Oracle Data Mining VALID 10.2.0.5.0 00:00:39
OLAP Analytic Workspace VALID 10.2.0.5.0 00:00:48
OLAP Catalog VALID 10.2.0.5.0 00:02:01
Oracle OLAP API VALID 10.2.0.5.0 00:02:01
Oracle interMedia VALID 10.2.0.5.0 00:06:35
Spatial VALID 10.2.0.5.0 00:04:50
Oracle Expression Filter VALID 10.2.0.5.0 00:00:30
Oracle Enterprise Manager VALID 10.2.0.5.0 00:02:59
Oracle Rule Manager VALID 10.2.0.5.0 00:00:18
.
Total Upgrade Time: 00:53:47
DOC>#######################################################################
DOC>#######################################################################
DOC>
DOC> The above PL/SQL lists the SERVER components in the upgraded
DOC> database, along with their current version and status.
DOC>
DOC> Please review the status and version columns and look for
DOC> any errors in the spool log file. If there are errors in the spool
DOC> file, or any components are not VALID or not the current version,
DOC> consult the Oracle Database Upgrade Guide for troubleshooting
DOC> recommendations.
DOC>
DOC> Next shutdown immediate, restart for normal operation, and then
DOC> run utlrp.sql to recompile any invalid application objects.
DOC>
DOC>#######################################################################
DOC>#######################################################################
DOC>#
第三步，shutdown 实例。Startup实例
第四步，再次编译无效的应用对象
SQL> @?/rdbms/admin/utlrp.sql
TIMESTAMP
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
COMP_TIMESTAMP UTLRP_BGN 2014-09-11 21:52:02
DOC> The following PL/SQL block invokes UTL_RECOMP to recompile invalid
DOC> objects in the database. Recompilation time is proportional to the
DOC> number of invalid objects in the database, so this command may take
DOC> a long time to execute on a database with a large number of invalid
DOC> objects.
DOC>
DOC> Use the following queries to track recompilation progress:
DOC>
DOC> 1. Query returning the number of invalid objects remaining. This
DOC> number should decrease with time.
DOC> SELECT COUNT(*) FROM obj$ WHERE status IN (4, 5, 6);
DOC>
DOC> 2. Query returning the number of objects compiled so far. This number
DOC> should increase with time.
DOC> SELECT COUNT(*) FROM UTL_RECOMP_COMPILED;
DOC>
DOC> This script automatically chooses serial or parallel recompilation
DOC> based on the number of CPUs available (parameter cpu_count) multiplied
DOC> by the number of threads per CPU (parameter parallel_threads_per_cpu).
DOC> On RAC, this number is added across all RAC nodes.
DOC>
DOC> UTL_RECOMP uses DBMS_SCHEDULER to create jobs for parallel
DOC> recompilation. Jobs are created without instance affinity so that they
DOC> can migrate across RAC nodes. Use the following queries to verify
DOC> whether UTL_RECOMP jobs are being created and run correctly:
DOC>
DOC> 1. Query showing jobs created by UTL_RECOMP
DOC> SELECT job_name FROM dba_scheduler_jobs
DOC> WHERE job_name like ‘UTL_RECOMP_SLAVE_%‘;
DOC>
DOC> 2. Query showing UTL_RECOMP jobs that are running
DOC> SELECT job_name FROM dba_scheduler_running_jobs
DOC> WHERE job_name like ‘UTL_RECOMP_SLAVE_%‘;
DOC>#
TIMESTAMP
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
COMP_TIMESTAMP UTLRP_END 2014-09-11 21:53:40
DOC> The following query reports the number of objects that have compiled
DOC> with errors (objects that compile with errors have status set to 3 in
DOC> obj$). If the number is higher than expected, please examine the error
DOC> messages reported with each object (using SHOW ERRORS) to see if they
DOC> point to system misconfiguration or resource constraints that must be
DOC> fixed before attempting to recompile these objects.
DOC>#
OBJECTS WITH ERRORS
-------------------
0
DOC> The following query reports the number of errors caught during
DOC> recompilation. If this number is non-zero, please query the error
DOC> messages in the table UTL_RECOMP_ERRORS to see if any of these errors
DOC> are due to misconfiguration or resource constraints that must be
DOC> fixed before objects can compile successfully.
DOC>#
ERRORS DURING RECOMPILATION
---------------------------
0
SQL>
升级数据字典，解决ORA-01092: ORACLE instance terminated. Disconnection forced问题