使用BACKUP ... VALIDATE 命令:

You can use the BACKUP VALIDATE command to do the following:

       （1）Check datafiles for physical and logical block corruption

       （2）Confirm that all database files exist and are in the correct locations
原文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/tianlesoftware/article/details/6460464

RMAN>backup validate database archivelog all;这个指令是针对于物理块

RMAN>backup validate check logical database archivelog all;针对逻辑块