idea搭建springdata+mongodb+maven+springmvc
今天我们来学习一下SpringData操作MongoDB。
项目环境：IntelliJ IDEA2017+maven3.5.0+MongoDB 3.2+JDK1.7+spring4.3.8
推荐网站（适合学习各种知识的基础）：http://www.runoob.com/
mongo安装请参考：http://www.runoob.com/mongodb/mongodb-window-install.html
1. 创建maven工程
首相创建maven工程，New project:
这里不使用idea自带maven插件，改用下载好的3.5.0版maven；
由于最近osChina的maven仓库挂掉，推荐大家使用阿里的镜像，速度快的飞起maven配置：D:\apache-maven-3.5.0\conf\setting.xml中找到mirrors:
<mirrors>
<mirror>
<id>alimaven</id>
<name>aliyun maven</name>
<url>http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/groups/public/</url>
<mirrorOf>central</mirrorOf>
</mirror>
</mirrors>
项目结构如下图，手动创建相关文件夹及文件，并设置文件夹的对应属性：
至此，maven工程创建完毕。
2. 访问mongodb数据方式
这里dao与mongoDao分别为mongoDB的两种查询方式：
(1)
dao为JPA的查询方式（请参考springdataJPA）；(2)
mongoDao使用mongoTemplate，类似于关系型数据库使用的jdbcTemplate。
3. 详细代码
先看配置文件
spring-context.xml为最基本的spring配置:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
<!-- 开启注解 -->
<context:annotation-config/>
<!--扫描service包嗲所有使用注解的类型-->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.lewis.mongo">
<context:include-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller"/>
</context:component-scan>
<!-- 导入mongodb的配置文件 -->
<import resource="spring-mongo.xml"/>
</beans>
spring-web.xml为springmvc的基本配置:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd">
<!--配置springmvc-->
<!--1.开启springmvc注解模式-->
<context:annotation-config/>
<!--简化配置：
(1)主动注册DefaultAnnotationHandlerMapping,AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter
(2)提供一系列功能：数据绑定，数字和日期的format @NumberFormt @DataTimeFormat，xml json默认的读写支持-->
<mvc:annotation-driven/>
<!--servlet-mapping-->
<!--2静态资源默认的servlet配置，
（1）允许对静态资源的处理：js，gif
（2）允许使用“/”做整体映射-->
<!-- 容器默认的DefaultServletHandler处理 所有静态内容与无RequestMapping处理的URL-->
<mvc:default-servlet-handler/>
<!--3:配置jsp 显示viewResolver-->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<property name="viewClass" value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView"/>
<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/views/"/>
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
</bean>
<!-- 4自动扫描且只扫描@Controller -->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.lewis.mongo.controller"/>
<!-- 定义无需Controller的url<->view直接映射 -->
<mvc:view-controller path="/" view-name="redirect:/hi/hello"/>
</beans>
spring-mongo.xml为mongo配置:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:mongo="http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/mongo"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/mongo
http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/mongo/spring-mongo.xsd">
<!-- 加载mongodb的属性配置文件 -->
<context:property-placeholder location="classpath*:mongo.properties"/>
<!-- spring连接mongodb数据库的配置 -->
<mongo:mongo-client replica-set="${mongo.hostport}" id="mongo">
<mongo:client-options connections-per-host="${mongo.connectionsPerHost}"
threads-allowed-to-block-for-connection-multiplier="${mongo.threadsAllowedToBlockForConnectionMultiplier}"
connect-timeout="${mongo.connectTimeout}" max-wait-time="${mongo.maxWaitTime}"
socket-timeout="${mongo.socketTimeout}"/>
</mongo:mongo-client>
<!-- mongo的工厂，通过它来取得mongo实例,dbname为mongodb的数据库名，没有的话会自动创建 -->
<mongo:db-factory id="mongoDbFactory" dbname="mongoLewis" mongo-ref="mongo"/>
<!-- 只要使用这个调用相应的方法操作 -->
<bean id="mongoTemplate" class="org.springframework.data.mongodb.core.MongoTemplate">
<constructor-arg name="mongoDbFactory" ref="mongoDbFactory"/>
</bean>
<!-- mongodb bean的仓库目录，会自动扫描扩展了MongoRepository接口的接口进行注入 -->
<mongo:repositories base-package="com.lewis.mongo"/>
</beans>
mongo.properties:
mongo.hostport=10.10.16.234:27017
mongo.connectionsPerHost=8
mongo.threadsAllowedToBlockForConnectionMultiplier=4
#连接超时时间
mongo.connectTimeout=1000
#等待时间
mongo.maxWaitTime=1500
mongo.autoConnectRetry=true
mongo.socketKeepAlive=true
#Socket超时时间
mongo.socketTimeout=1500
mongo.slaveOk=true
pom.xml，这里要注意的是junit版本需要4.12以上，不然idea会报错；spring-data-mongodb版本要1.10.1以上；
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<properties>
<!-- spring-framework-bom 版本号-->
<spring.version>4.3.8.RELEASE</spring.version>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
</properties>
<groupId>com.liu</groupId>
<artifactId>mongo</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<packaging>war</packaging>
<name>mongo Maven Webapp</name>
<url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
<dependencies>
<!--使用junit4，注解的方式测试-->
<!--<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.11</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>-->
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/junit/junit -->
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.12</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<!--日志-->
<!--日志 slf4j,log4j,logback,common-logging-->
<!--slf4j是规范/接口-->
<!--log4j,logback,common-logging是日志实现 本项目使用slf4j + logback -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
<artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
<version>1.7.12</version>
</dependency>
<!--实现slf4j并整合-->
<dependency>
<groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId>
<artifactId>logback-core</artifactId>
<version>1.1.1</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId>
<artifactId>logback-classic</artifactId>
<version>1.1.1</version>
</dependency>
<!--数据库相关-->
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>5.1.22</version>
<!--maven工作范围 驱动在真正工作的时候使用，故生命周期改为runtime-->
<scope>runtime</scope>
</dependency>
<!--servlet web相关 jstl1.2以上版本就不需要standard这个包了，
不然会报错： TLD skipped. URI: http://java.sun.com/jstl/core_rt is already defined-->
<!--<dependency>
<groupId>taglibs</groupId>
<artifactId>standard</artifactId>
<version>1.1.2</version>
</dependency>-->
<dependency>
<groupId>jstl</groupId>
<artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
<version>1.2</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
<version>2.5.4</version>
</dependency>
<!--spring-->
<!--spring核心-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
<version>4.3.8.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-asm -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-asm</artifactId>
<version>3.1.4.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
<version>4.3.8.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
<version>4.3.8.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<!--spring dao-->
<!--<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.data</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-data-mongodb</artifactId>
<version>1.8.0.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>-->
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework.data/spring-data-mongodb -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.data</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-data-mongodb</artifactId>
<version>1.10.1.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mongodb</groupId>
<artifactId>mongo-java-driver</artifactId>
<version>3.2.2</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-aop -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>
<version>4.3.8.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<!--spring web-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
<version>4.3.8.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>4.3.8.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<!--spring test-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
<version>4.3.8.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-collections</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-collections</artifactId>
<version>3.2.2</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-fileupload</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-fileupload</artifactId>
<version>1.3.2</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-codec</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-codec</artifactId>
<version>1.10</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/javax/javaee-api -->
<dependency>
<groupId>javax</groupId>
<artifactId>javaee-api</artifactId>
<version>7.0</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<dependencyManagement>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-framework-bom</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
<type>pom</type>
<scope>import</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>net.sf.ehcache</groupId>
<artifactId>ehcache-core</artifactId>
<version>2.6.9</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</dependencyManagement>
<build>
<finalName>mongo</finalName>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.3</version>
<configuration>
<source>1.6</source>
<target>1.6</target>
</configuration>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
两个实体类：
Address.java:
package com.lewis.mongo.entity;
/**
* Created by liu on 2017/6/7.
*/
public class Address {
private String city;
private String street;
private int num;
public Address() {
}
public Address(String city, String street, int num) {
this.city = city;
this.street = street;
this.num = num;
}
public String getCity() {
return city;
}
public void setCity(String city) {
this.city = city;
}
public String getStreet() {
return street;
}
public void setStreet(String street) {
this.street = street;
}
public int getNum() {
return num;
}
public void setNum(int num) {
this.num = num;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Address{" +
"city='" + city + '\'' +
", street='" + street + '\'' +
", num=" + num + '}';
}
}
Person.java:
package com.lewis.mongo.entity;
import java.io.Serializable;
import org.bson.types.ObjectId;
import org.springframework.data.annotation.Id;
import org.springframework.data.mongodb.core.mapping.Document;
/**
* Created by liu on 2017/6/7.
*/
@Document(collection = "person")
public class Person implements Serializable {
@Id
private ObjectId id;
private String name;
private int age;
private Address address;
public Person() {
}
public Person(String name, int age, Address address) {
this.name = name;
this.age = age;
this.address = address;
}
public ObjectId getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(ObjectId id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public int getAge() {
return age;
}
public void setAge(int age) {
this.age = age;
}
public Address getAddress() {
return address;
}
public void setAddress(Address address) {
this.address = address;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Person{" + "id=" + id +
", name='" + name + '\'' +
", age=" + age +
", address=" + address + '}';
}
}
JPA的dao，注意这里只要继承MongoRepository不用写注解spring就能认识这是个Repository，MongoRepository提供了基本的增删改查，不用实现便可直接调用，例如testMongo的personDao.save(persons);
PersonDao.java:
package com.lewis.mongo.dao;
import com.lewis.mongo.entity.Person;
import org.bson.types.ObjectId;
import org.springframework.data.mongodb.repository.MongoRepository;
import org.springframework.data.mongodb.repository.Query;
import java.util.List;
/**
* Created by liu on 2017/6/7.
*/
public interface PersonDao extends MongoRepository<Person, ObjectId> {
@Query(value = "{'age' : {'$gte' : ?0, '$lte' : ?1}, 'name' : ?2}", fields = "{'name' : 1, 'age' : 1}")
List<Person> findByAge(int age1, int age2, String name);
}
mongoTemplate的dao，PersonMongoDao.java:
package com.lewis.mongo.mongoDao;
import com.lewis.mongo.entity.Person;
import java.util.List;
/**
* Created by liu on 2017/6/7.
*/
public interface PersonMongoDao {
List<Person> findAll();
void insertPerson(Person user);
void removePerson(String userName);
void updatePerson();
List<Person> findForRequery(String userName);
}
PersonMongoImpl.java:
package com.lewis.mongo.mongoDao;
import com.lewis.mongo.entity.Person;
import org.springframework.data.mongodb.core.MongoTemplate;
import org.springframework.data.mongodb.core.query.Query;
import org.springframework.data.mongodb.core.query.Update;
import org.springframework.data.mongodb.core.query.Criteria;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;
import javax.annotation.Resource;
import java.util.List;
/**
* Created by liu on 2017/6/7.
*/
@Repository("personMongoImpl")
public class PersonMongoImpl implements PersonMongoDao {
@Resource
private MongoTemplate mongoTemplate;
@Override
public List<Person> findAll() {
return mongoTemplate.findAll(Person.class, "person");
}
@Override
public void insertPerson(Person person) {
mongoTemplate.insert(person, "person");
}
@Override
public void removePerson(String userName) {
mongoTemplate.remove(Query.query(Criteria.where("name").is(userName)), "person");
}
@Override
public void updatePerson() {
mongoTemplate.updateMulti(Query.query(Criteria.where("age").gt(3).lte(5)), Update.update("age", 3), "person");
}
@Override
public List<Person> findForRequery(String userName) {
return mongoTemplate.find(Query.query(Criteria.where("name").is(userName)), Person.class);
}
}
JPA查询的测试类，PersonDaoTest.java:
import com.lewis.mongo.dao.PersonDao;
import com.lewis.mongo.entity.Address;
import com.lewis.mongo.entity.Person;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;
import javax.annotation.Resource;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
/**
* Created by liu on 2017/6/7.
*/
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
//告诉junit spring配置文件
@ContextConfiguration({"classpath:spring/spring-context.xml", "classpath:spring/spring-mongo.xml"})
public class PersonDaoTest {
@Resource
private PersonDao personDao;
/*先往数据库中插入10个person*/
@Test
public void testMongo() {
List<Person> persons = new ArrayList<Person>();
for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
persons.add(new Person("name" + i, i, new Address("广州市", "天河区", i)));
}
personDao.save(persons);
}
@Test
public void findMongo() {
System.out.println(personDao.findByAge(2, 8, "name6"));
}
}
mongoTemplate查询的测试类，MongoTemplateTest.java:
import com.lewis.mongo.entity.Address;
import com.lewis.mongo.entity.Person;
import com.lewis.mongo.mongoDao.PersonMongoImpl;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;
import javax.annotation.Resource;
/**
* Created by liu on 2017/6/7.
*/
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
//告诉junit spring配置文件
@ContextConfiguration({"classpath:spring/spring-context.xml", "classpath:spring/spring-mongo.xml"})
public class MongoTemplateTest {
@Resource
private PersonMongoImpl personMongo;
@Test
public void testMongoTemplate() {
//personMongo.insertPerson(new Person("Lewis",24,new Address("广州","天河",20)));
personMongo.removePerson("name3");
personMongo.updatePerson();
System.out.println(personMongo.findAll());
System.out.println(personMongo.findForRequery("Lewis"));
}
}
注意测试前请先通过
PersonDaoTest.java中的testMongo()方法向数据库中插入数据。