Docker8_3：Docker容器数据卷：DockerFile文件挂载【一般都用这个】
什么是DockerFile
DockerFile就是用来构建dokcer镜像的构建文件，是命令脚本，通过这个脚本可以生成镜像，镜像是一层层的，脚本类似，是一个个命令组合的，每个命令是一层。
构建镜像的两种方式
1.搞一个容器改完之后，commit
2.使用DockerFile构建
DockerFile构建镜像(很常用)
为什么经常用DockerFile文件中挂载？
这是自动挂载，启动就会挂载，否则需要你启动镜像的时候，通过命令参数，-v手动挂载。
编写dockerfile文件
# 创建一个dockerfile文件，文件名建议使用dockerfile，这样命令可以不写，默认就是dockerfile
# 文件中的内容 指令(大写)
FROM centos
VOLUME ["volume1","volume2"]
CMD echo "-------end-------"
CMD /bin/bash
# docker镜像是分层的，每个命令就是一层
# VOLUME ["volume1","volume2"],这里测试用的是匿名挂载，等会找对应本机卷目录是字符串，一般都用具名挂载
docker build构建镜像
# docker build -f dockerfile文件路径(相对绝对都可以) -t haokai/centos:1.0 .
# -t 表示target，生成的镜像名:TAG
# 注意：后面的.别忽略
docker build -f dockerfile1 -t haokai/centos:1.0 .
输出：
[root@localhost volume]# cat dockerfile1
FROM centos
VOLUME ["volume1","volume2"]
CMD echo "-------end-------"
CMD /bin/bash
[root@localhost volume]# docker build -f dockerfile1 -t haokai/centos:1.0 .
Sending build context to Docker daemon 2.048kB
Step 1/4 : FROM centos
latest: Pulling from library/centos
a1d0c7532777: Pull complete
Digest: sha256:a27fd8080b517143cbbbab9dfb7c8571c40d67d534bbdee55bd6c473f432b177
Status: Downloaded newer image for centos:latest
---> 5d0da3dc9764
Step 2/4 : VOLUME ["volume1","volume2"]
---> Running in ee2bb7923a30
Removing intermediate container ee2bb7923a30
---> b63619ea74aa
Step 3/4 : CMD echo "-------end-------"
---> Running in f8b93d0ba281
Removing intermediate container f8b93d0ba281
---> 5dc5d67f480f
Step 4/4 : CMD /bin/bash
---> Running in 4fc8003865da
Removing intermediate container 4fc8003865da
---> 347c4f0aabd2
Successfully built 347c4f0aabd2
Successfully tagged haokai/centos:1.0
[root@localhost volume]# docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
haokai/centos 1.0 347c4f0aabd2 8 minutes ago 231MB
mysql 5.7 c20987f18b13 2 weeks ago 448MB
tomcat 9.0 76206e3ba4b1 7 weeks ago 680MB
nginx latest ea335eea17ab 7 weeks ago 141MB
centos latest 5d0da3dc9764 3 months ago 231MB
portainer/portainer latest 580c0e4e98b0 9 months ago 79.1MB
elasticsearch 7.7.0 7ec4f35ab452 20 months ago 757MB
elasticsearch 7.6.2 f29a1ee41030 21 months ago 791MB
[root@localhost volume]# docker run -it 347c4f0aabd2
[root@8bb084df8cb4 /]# ls
bin dev etc home lib lib64 lost+found media mnt opt proc root run sbin srv sys tmp usr var volume1 volume2
[root@8bb084df8cb4 /]#
查看挂载目录
# 查看容器挂载情况
docker inspect 容器id
"Mounts": [
{
"Type": "volume",
"Name": "b9de58c7d586c587509df78fbf7029dda0ff450cbd12af640d4037f9a264a352",
"Source": "/var/lib/docker/volumes/b9de58c7d586c587509df78fbf7029dda0ff450cbd12af640d4037f9a264a352/_data",
"Destination": "volume1",
"Driver": "local",
"Mode": "",
"RW": true,
"Propagation": ""
},
{
"Type": "volume",
"Name": "75a18f597decfb6f2207899e0354acd176bf0df7dd42b40f02137d83ed9580cf",
"Source": "/var/lib/docker/volumes/75a18f597decfb6f2207899e0354acd176bf0df7dd42b40f02137d83ed9580cf/_data",
"Destination": "volume2",
"Driver": "local",
"Mode": "",
"RW": true,
"Propagation": ""
}
],