JQuery文件上传插件ajaxFileUpload在Asp.net MVC中的使用

0 ajaxFileUpload简介

ajaxFileUpload插件是一个非常简单的基于Jquery的异步上传文件的插件,使用过程中发现很多与这个同名的,基于原始版本基础之上修改过的插件,文件版本比较多,我把我自己使用的ajaxFileUpload文件上传到博客园上了,想要使用的朋友可以下载:http://files.cnblogs.com/files/fonour/ajaxfileupload.js

整个插件源码不到200行,实现非常简单,大致原理就是通过js动态创建隐藏的表单,然后进行提交操作,达到附件上传的目的,主要实现在源码里都有注释,不难理解,我们也可以基于此简单版本实现更复杂的操作。

1 ajaxFileUpload使用说明

ajaxFileUpload的使用也很简单,调用ajaxFileUpload方法即可,各配置项详细说明如下:

$.ajaxFileUpload({
type: "post", //请求类型:post或get,当要使用data提交自定义参数时一定要设置为post
url: "/Shared/Upload", //文件上传的服务器端请求地址
secureuri: false, //是否启用安全提交,一般默认为false就行,不用特殊处理
fileElementId: "filePicture", //文件上传控件的id <input type="file" id="filePicture" name="filePicture" accept=".jpg,.jpeg,.png,.bmp" onchange="filePictureChange()" />
dataType: "json", //返回值类型,一般设置为json,还支持html\xml\script类型
data: { "id": "1", "name": "test" }, //用于post请求提交自定义参数
success: function (data, status) { //服务器成功响应处理函数
},
error: function (data, status, e) { //服务器响应失败处理函数
}
});

首先在页面添加对JQuery及ajaxFileUpload的引用,这里的JQuery用的2.1.4版本,经测试用各个版本基本没什么影响。

<script src="../../Content/js/jquery-2.1.4.min.js"></script>
<script src="../../Content/js/ajaxfileupload.js"></script>

页面添加类型为file的input标签

<input type="file" id="filePicture" name="filePicture" accept=".jpg,.jpeg,.png,.bmp" onchange="filePictureChange()" />

通过accept可以限定打开文件选择对话框后,默认能选择的文件类型。文件类型的定义主要有以下这些

*.3gpp  audio/3gpp, video/3gpp  3GPP Audio/Video

*.ac3   audio/ac3   AC3 Audio

*.asf   allpication/vnd.ms-asf  Advanced Streaming Format

*.au    audio/basic AU Audio

*.css   text/css    Cascading Style Sheets

*.csv   text/csv    Comma Separated Values

*.doc   application/msword  MS Word Document

*.dot   application/msword  MS Word Template

*.dtd   application/xml-dtd Document Type Definition

*.dwg   image/vnd.dwg   AutoCAD Drawing Database

*.dxf   image/vnd.dxf   AutoCAD Drawing Interchange Format

*.gif   image/gif   Graphic Interchange Format

*.htm   text/html   HyperText Markup Language

*.html  text/html   HyperText Markup Language

*.jp2   image/jp2   JPEG-2000

*.jpe   image/jpeg  JPEG

*.jpeg  image/jpeg  JPEG

*.jpg   image/jpeg  JPEG

*.js    text/javascript, application/javascript JavaScript

*.json  application/json    JavaScript Object Notation

*.mp2   audio/mpeg, video/mpeg  MPEG Audio/Video Stream, Layer II

*.mp3   audio/mpeg  MPEG Audio Stream, Layer III

*.mp4   audio/mp4, video/mp4    MPEG-4 Audio/Video

*.mpeg  video/mpeg  MPEG Video Stream, Layer II

*.mpg   video/mpeg  MPEG Video Stream, Layer II

*.mpp   application/vnd.ms-project  MS Project Project

*.ogg   application/ogg, audio/ogg  Ogg Vorbis

*.pdf   application/pdf Portable Document Format

*.png   image/png   Portable Network Graphics

*.pot   application/vnd.ms-powerpoint   MS PowerPoint Template

*.pps   application/vnd.ms-powerpoint   MS PowerPoint Slideshow

*.ppt   application/vnd.ms-powerpoint   MS PowerPoint Presentation

*.rtf   application/rtf, text/rtf   Rich Text Format

*.svf   image/vnd.svf   Simple Vector Format

*.tif   image/tiff  Tagged Image Format File

*.tiff  image/tiff  Tagged Image Format File

*.txt   text/plain  Plain Text

*.wdb   application/vnd.ms-works    MS Works Database

*.wps   application/vnd.ms-works    Works Text Document

*.xhtml application/xhtml+xml   Extensible HyperText Markup Language

*.xlc   application/vnd.ms-excel    MS Excel Chart

*.xlm   application/vnd.ms-excel    MS Excel Macro

*.xls   application/vnd.ms-excel    MS Excel Spreadsheet

*.xlt   application/vnd.ms-excel    MS Excel Template

*.xlw   application/vnd.ms-excel    MS Excel Workspace

*.xml   text/xml, application/xml   Extensible Markup Language

*.zip   aplication/zip  Compressed Archive

我这里没有单独放上传按钮,添加了onchange事件,在选择文件后立即上传文件,onchange时间定义如下。

function filePictureChange() {
$.ajaxFileUpload({
url: "/Shared/Upload", //用于文件上传的服务器端请求地址
type: "post",
secureuri: false, //一般设置为false
fileElementId: "filePicture", //文件上传空间的id属性
dataType: "json", //返回值类型 一般设置为json
success: function (data, status) { //服务器成功响应处理函数
alert(data.fileName);
alert(data.filePath);
alert(data.fileSize);
},
error: function (data, status, e){ //服务器响应失败处理函数
alert(e);
}
});
};

后台控制器处理方法如下,使用MD5处理,判断文件是否已经存在,避免文件重复上传。

/// <summary>
/// 附件上传
/// </summary>
/// <returns></returns>
public ActionResult Upload()
{
HttpFileCollection files = System.Web.HttpContext.Current.Request.Files;
if (files.Count == ) return Json("Faild", JsonRequestBehavior.AllowGet);
MD5 md5Hasher = new MD5CryptoServiceProvider();
/*计算指定Stream对象的哈希值*/
byte[] arrbytHashValue = md5Hasher.ComputeHash(files[].InputStream);
/*由以连字符分隔的十六进制对构成的String,其中每一对表示value中对应的元素;例如“F-2C-4A”*/
string strHashData = System.BitConverter.ToString(arrbytHashValue).Replace("-", "");
string FileEextension = Path.GetExtension(files[].FileName);
string uploadDate = DateTime.Now.ToString("yyyyMMdd");
string virtualPath = string.Format("/Data/ComponentAttachments/{0}/{1}{2}", uploadDate, strHashData, FileEextension);
string fullFileName = Server.MapPath(virtualPath);
//创建文件夹,保存文件
string path = Path.GetDirectoryName(fullFileName);
Directory.CreateDirectory(path);
if (!System.IO.File.Exists(fullFileName))
{
files[].SaveAs(fullFileName);
}
string fileName = files[].FileName.Substring(files[].FileName.LastIndexOf("\\") + , files[].FileName.Length - files[].FileName.LastIndexOf("\\") - );
string fileSize = GetFileSize(files[].ContentLength);
return Json(new { FileName = fileName, FilePath = virtualPath, FileSize = fileSize }, "text/html", JsonRequestBehavior.AllowGet);
}
/// <summary>
/// 获取文件大小
/// </summary>
/// <param name="bytes"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
private string GetFileSize(long bytes)
{
long kblength = ;
long mbLength = * ;
if (bytes < kblength)
return bytes.ToString() + "B";
if (bytes < mbLength)
return decimal.Round(decimal.Divide(bytes, kblength), ).ToString() + "KB";
else
return decimal.Round(decimal.Divide(bytes, mbLength), ).ToString() + "MB";
}

2 ajaxFileUpload使用过程中的一些问题

2.0 jQuery.handleError is not a function

JQuery文件上传插件ajaxFileUpload在Asp.net MVC中的使用

解决方法:

经测试handlerError只在jquery-1.4.2之前的版本中存在,以后版本中都没有这个函数了,因此在将handleError这个函数复制到ajaxFileUpload.js中,就行了

   uploadHttpData: function (r, type) {
var data = !type;
data = type == "xml" || data ? r.responseXML : r.responseText;
// If the type is "script", eval it in global context
if (type == "script")
jQuery.globalEval(data);
// Get the JavaScript object, if JSON is used.
if (type == "json")
eval("data = " + data);
//eval("data = \"" + data + "\"");
// evaluate scripts within html
if (type == "html")
jQuery("<div>").html(data).evalScripts(); return data;
},
handleError: function (s, xhr, status, e) {
// If a local callback was specified, fire it
if (s.error) {
s.error.call(s.context || s, xhr, status, e);
} // Fire the global callback
if (s.global) {
(s.context ? jQuery(s.context) : jQuery.event).trigger("ajaxError", [xhr, s, e]);
}
}
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